A Measure of Well-Spread Points in Noise Wave-Based Source Matrix for Wideband Noise Parameter Measurement: The SKA-Low Example
The existence of a figure of merit for measuring the degree of well-spread source points in noise parameter extraction has long been conjectured. This article proposes a measure based on noise waves that is physically motivated and is directly connected to linear algebra through the matrix condition...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/84207 |
| Summary: | The existence of a figure of merit for measuring the degree of well-spread source points in noise parameter extraction has long been conjectured. This article proposes a measure based on noise waves that is physically motivated and is directly connected to linear algebra through the matrix condition number and/or determinant. The key to this figure of merit is the selection of the noise temperature equation and the removal of singularity due to the 1/(1-|\Gamma _{s}|^{2}) factor. The result is a well-scaled source matrix with entries bounded within a unit circle. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this measure by extracting the noise parameters of an amplifier in the low-frequency Square Kilometre Array (SKA-Low) band of 50-350 MHz using seven tuner positions. The noise parameters in the 50-100-MHz band are successfully measured despite being below the 100-MHz tuner rating. This outcome is very well predicted by the condition number and the determinant of the source matrix in question. |
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