Affect, attention, or anticipatory arousal? Human blink startle modulation in forward and backward affective conditioning
Affect modulates the blink startle reflex in the picture-viewing paradigm, however, the process responsible for reflex modulation during conditional stimuli (CSs) that have acquired valence through affective conditioning remains unclear. In Experiment 1, neutral shapes (CSs) and valenced or neutral...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
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Elsevier BV
2008
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/8367 |
| _version_ | 1848745637594529792 |
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| author | Mallan, K. Lipp, Ottmar Libera, M. |
| author_facet | Mallan, K. Lipp, Ottmar Libera, M. |
| author_sort | Mallan, K. |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Affect modulates the blink startle reflex in the picture-viewing paradigm, however, the process responsible for reflex modulation during conditional stimuli (CSs) that have acquired valence through affective conditioning remains unclear. In Experiment 1, neutral shapes (CSs) and valenced or neutral pictures (USs) were paired in a forward (CS ? US) manner. Pleasantness ratings supported affective learning of positive and negative valence. Post-acquisition, blink reflexes were larger during the pleasant and unpleasant CSs than during the neutral CS. Rather than affect, attention or anticipatory arousal were suggested as sources of startle modulation. Experiment 2 confirmed that affective learning in the picture-picture paradigm was not affected by whether the CS preceded the US. Pleasantness ratings and affective priming revealed similar extents of affective learning following forward, backward or simultaneous pairings of CSs and USs. Experiment 3 utilized a backward conditioning procedure (US ? CS) to minimize effects of US anticipation. Again, blink reflexes were larger during CSs paired with valenced USs regardless of US valence implicating attention rather than anticipatory arousal or affect as the process modulating startle in this paradigm. Crown Copyright © 2008. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T06:20:32Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-8367 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T06:20:32Z |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publisher | Elsevier BV |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-83672017-09-13T14:36:23Z Affect, attention, or anticipatory arousal? Human blink startle modulation in forward and backward affective conditioning Mallan, K. Lipp, Ottmar Libera, M. Affect modulates the blink startle reflex in the picture-viewing paradigm, however, the process responsible for reflex modulation during conditional stimuli (CSs) that have acquired valence through affective conditioning remains unclear. In Experiment 1, neutral shapes (CSs) and valenced or neutral pictures (USs) were paired in a forward (CS ? US) manner. Pleasantness ratings supported affective learning of positive and negative valence. Post-acquisition, blink reflexes were larger during the pleasant and unpleasant CSs than during the neutral CS. Rather than affect, attention or anticipatory arousal were suggested as sources of startle modulation. Experiment 2 confirmed that affective learning in the picture-picture paradigm was not affected by whether the CS preceded the US. Pleasantness ratings and affective priming revealed similar extents of affective learning following forward, backward or simultaneous pairings of CSs and USs. Experiment 3 utilized a backward conditioning procedure (US ? CS) to minimize effects of US anticipation. Again, blink reflexes were larger during CSs paired with valenced USs regardless of US valence implicating attention rather than anticipatory arousal or affect as the process modulating startle in this paradigm. Crown Copyright © 2008. 2008 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/8367 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.02.005 Elsevier BV restricted |
| spellingShingle | Mallan, K. Lipp, Ottmar Libera, M. Affect, attention, or anticipatory arousal? Human blink startle modulation in forward and backward affective conditioning |
| title | Affect, attention, or anticipatory arousal? Human blink startle modulation in forward and backward affective conditioning |
| title_full | Affect, attention, or anticipatory arousal? Human blink startle modulation in forward and backward affective conditioning |
| title_fullStr | Affect, attention, or anticipatory arousal? Human blink startle modulation in forward and backward affective conditioning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Affect, attention, or anticipatory arousal? Human blink startle modulation in forward and backward affective conditioning |
| title_short | Affect, attention, or anticipatory arousal? Human blink startle modulation in forward and backward affective conditioning |
| title_sort | affect, attention, or anticipatory arousal? human blink startle modulation in forward and backward affective conditioning |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/8367 |