Seasonal productivity drives aggregations of killer whales and other cetaceans over submarine canyons of the Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia

Cetaceans are iconic predators that serve as important indicators of marine ecosystem health. The Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia, supports a diverse cetacean community including the largest documented aggregation of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Australian waters. Knowledge of cetacea...

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Main Authors: Salgado Kent, Chandra, Bouchet, Phil, Wellard, Rebecca, Parnum, Iain, Fouda, Leila, Erbe, Christine
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: CSIRO PUBLISHING 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/80261
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author Salgado Kent, Chandra
Bouchet, Phil
Wellard, Rebecca
Parnum, Iain
Fouda, Leila
Erbe, Christine
author_facet Salgado Kent, Chandra
Bouchet, Phil
Wellard, Rebecca
Parnum, Iain
Fouda, Leila
Erbe, Christine
author_sort Salgado Kent, Chandra
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Cetaceans are iconic predators that serve as important indicators of marine ecosystem health. The Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia, supports a diverse cetacean community including the largest documented aggregation of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Australian waters. Knowledge of cetacean distributions is critical for managing the area’s thriving ecotourism industry, yet is largely sporadic. Here we combined aerial with opportunistic ship-borne surveys during 2015–2017 to describe the occurrence of multiple cetacean species on a regional scale. We used generalised estimating equations to model variation in killer whale relative density as a function of both static and dynamic covariates, including seabed depth, slope, and chlorophyll a concentration, while accounting for autocorrelation. Encountered cetacean groups included: killer (n ¼ 177), sperm (n ¼ 69), long-finned pilot (n ¼ 29), false killer (n ¼ 2), and straptoothed beaked (n ¼ 1) whales, as well as bottlenose (n ¼ 12) and common (n ¼ 5) dolphins. Killer whale numbers peaked in areas of low temperatures and high primary productivity, likely due to seasonal upwelling of nutrient-rich waters supporting high prey biomass. The best predictive model highlighted potential killer whale ‘hotspots’ in the Henry, Hood, Pallinup and Bremer Canyons. This study demonstrates the value of abundance data from platforms of opportunity for marine planning and wildlife management in the open ocean.
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institution Curtin University Malaysia
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-802612021-01-14T04:15:22Z Seasonal productivity drives aggregations of killer whales and other cetaceans over submarine canyons of the Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia Salgado Kent, Chandra Bouchet, Phil Wellard, Rebecca Parnum, Iain Fouda, Leila Erbe, Christine Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Zoology generalised estimating equations habitat modelling submarine canyons temporal autocorrelation whale watching ESTIMATING EQUATIONS FORAGING BEHAVIOR HABITAT MODELS POPULATION ABUNDANCE PREFERENCES SELECTION POD BAY Cetaceans are iconic predators that serve as important indicators of marine ecosystem health. The Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia, supports a diverse cetacean community including the largest documented aggregation of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Australian waters. Knowledge of cetacean distributions is critical for managing the area’s thriving ecotourism industry, yet is largely sporadic. Here we combined aerial with opportunistic ship-borne surveys during 2015–2017 to describe the occurrence of multiple cetacean species on a regional scale. We used generalised estimating equations to model variation in killer whale relative density as a function of both static and dynamic covariates, including seabed depth, slope, and chlorophyll a concentration, while accounting for autocorrelation. Encountered cetacean groups included: killer (n ¼ 177), sperm (n ¼ 69), long-finned pilot (n ¼ 29), false killer (n ¼ 2), and straptoothed beaked (n ¼ 1) whales, as well as bottlenose (n ¼ 12) and common (n ¼ 5) dolphins. Killer whale numbers peaked in areas of low temperatures and high primary productivity, likely due to seasonal upwelling of nutrient-rich waters supporting high prey biomass. The best predictive model highlighted potential killer whale ‘hotspots’ in the Henry, Hood, Pallinup and Bremer Canyons. This study demonstrates the value of abundance data from platforms of opportunity for marine planning and wildlife management in the open ocean. 2020 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/80261 10.1071/AM19058 English http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CSIRO PUBLISHING fulltext
spellingShingle Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Zoology
generalised estimating equations
habitat modelling
submarine canyons
temporal autocorrelation
whale watching
ESTIMATING EQUATIONS
FORAGING BEHAVIOR
HABITAT
MODELS
POPULATION
ABUNDANCE
PREFERENCES
SELECTION
POD
BAY
Salgado Kent, Chandra
Bouchet, Phil
Wellard, Rebecca
Parnum, Iain
Fouda, Leila
Erbe, Christine
Seasonal productivity drives aggregations of killer whales and other cetaceans over submarine canyons of the Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia
title Seasonal productivity drives aggregations of killer whales and other cetaceans over submarine canyons of the Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia
title_full Seasonal productivity drives aggregations of killer whales and other cetaceans over submarine canyons of the Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia
title_fullStr Seasonal productivity drives aggregations of killer whales and other cetaceans over submarine canyons of the Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia
title_full_unstemmed Seasonal productivity drives aggregations of killer whales and other cetaceans over submarine canyons of the Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia
title_short Seasonal productivity drives aggregations of killer whales and other cetaceans over submarine canyons of the Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia
title_sort seasonal productivity drives aggregations of killer whales and other cetaceans over submarine canyons of the bremer sub-basin, south-western australia
topic Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Zoology
generalised estimating equations
habitat modelling
submarine canyons
temporal autocorrelation
whale watching
ESTIMATING EQUATIONS
FORAGING BEHAVIOR
HABITAT
MODELS
POPULATION
ABUNDANCE
PREFERENCES
SELECTION
POD
BAY
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/80261