Diabetes in developing countries

© 2019 Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd There has been a rapid escalation of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in developing countries, with varied prevalence according to rural vs urban habitat and degree of urbanization. Some ethnic gr...

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Main Authors: Misra, A., Gopalan, H., Jayawardena, R., Hills, A.P., Soares, Mario, Reza-Albarrán, A.A., Ramaiya, K.L.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: WILEY 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/79232
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author Misra, A.
Gopalan, H.
Jayawardena, R.
Hills, A.P.
Soares, Mario
Reza-Albarrán, A.A.
Ramaiya, K.L.
author_facet Misra, A.
Gopalan, H.
Jayawardena, R.
Hills, A.P.
Soares, Mario
Reza-Albarrán, A.A.
Ramaiya, K.L.
author_sort Misra, A.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description © 2019 Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd There has been a rapid escalation of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in developing countries, with varied prevalence according to rural vs urban habitat and degree of urbanization. Some ethnic groups (eg, South Asians, other Asians, and Africans), develop diabetes a decade earlier and at a lower body mass index than Whites, have prominent abdominal obesity, and accelerated the conversion from prediabetes to diabetes. The burden of complications, both macro- and microvascular, is substantial, but also varies according to populations. The syndemics of diabetes with HIV or tuberculosis are prevalent in many developing countries and predispose to each other. Screening for diabetes in large populations living in diverse habitats may not be cost-effective, but targeted high-risk screening may have a place. The cost of diagnostic tests and scarcity of health manpower pose substantial hurdles in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients. Efforts for prevention remain rudimentary in most developing countries. The quality of care is largely poor; hence, a substantial number of patients do not achieve treatment goals. This is further amplified by a delay in seeking treatment, “fatalistic attitudes”, high cost and non-availability of drugs and insulins. To counter these numerous challenges, a renewed political commitment and mandate for health promotion and disease prevention are urgently needed. Several low-cost innovative approaches have been trialed with encouraging outcomes, including training and deployment of non-medical allied health professionals and the use of mobile phones and telemedicine to deliver simple health messages for the prevention and management of T2D.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-792322020-07-29T04:07:15Z Diabetes in developing countries Misra, A. Gopalan, H. Jayawardena, R. Hills, A.P. Soares, Mario Reza-Albarrán, A.A. Ramaiya, K.L. Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Endocrinology & Metabolism developing countries diabetes India management of diabetes prediabetes prevention CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTIONS CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY FATTY LIVER-DISEASE ASIAN INDIANS PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY METABOLIC SYNDROME MIDDLE-INCOME © 2019 Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd There has been a rapid escalation of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in developing countries, with varied prevalence according to rural vs urban habitat and degree of urbanization. Some ethnic groups (eg, South Asians, other Asians, and Africans), develop diabetes a decade earlier and at a lower body mass index than Whites, have prominent abdominal obesity, and accelerated the conversion from prediabetes to diabetes. The burden of complications, both macro- and microvascular, is substantial, but also varies according to populations. The syndemics of diabetes with HIV or tuberculosis are prevalent in many developing countries and predispose to each other. Screening for diabetes in large populations living in diverse habitats may not be cost-effective, but targeted high-risk screening may have a place. The cost of diagnostic tests and scarcity of health manpower pose substantial hurdles in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients. Efforts for prevention remain rudimentary in most developing countries. The quality of care is largely poor; hence, a substantial number of patients do not achieve treatment goals. This is further amplified by a delay in seeking treatment, “fatalistic attitudes”, high cost and non-availability of drugs and insulins. To counter these numerous challenges, a renewed political commitment and mandate for health promotion and disease prevention are urgently needed. Several low-cost innovative approaches have been trialed with encouraging outcomes, including training and deployment of non-medical allied health professionals and the use of mobile phones and telemedicine to deliver simple health messages for the prevention and management of T2D. 2019 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/79232 10.1111/1753-0407.12913 English WILEY restricted
spellingShingle Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Endocrinology & Metabolism
developing countries
diabetes
India
management of diabetes
prediabetes
prevention
CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE
LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTIONS
CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY
FATTY LIVER-DISEASE
ASIAN INDIANS
PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY
METABOLIC SYNDROME
MIDDLE-INCOME
Misra, A.
Gopalan, H.
Jayawardena, R.
Hills, A.P.
Soares, Mario
Reza-Albarrán, A.A.
Ramaiya, K.L.
Diabetes in developing countries
title Diabetes in developing countries
title_full Diabetes in developing countries
title_fullStr Diabetes in developing countries
title_full_unstemmed Diabetes in developing countries
title_short Diabetes in developing countries
title_sort diabetes in developing countries
topic Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Endocrinology & Metabolism
developing countries
diabetes
India
management of diabetes
prediabetes
prevention
CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE
LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTIONS
CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY
FATTY LIVER-DISEASE
ASIAN INDIANS
PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY
METABOLIC SYNDROME
MIDDLE-INCOME
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/79232