Xylo-oligosaccharides and inulin affect genotoxicity and bacterial populations differently in a human colonic simulator challenged with soy protein

High dietary intakes of some protein sources, including soy protein, can increase colonic DNA damage in animals, whereas some carbohydrates attenuate this. We investigated whether inulin and xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) could be protective against DNA strand breaks by adding them to a human colonic s...

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Main Authors: Christophersen, Claus, Petersen, A., Licht, T.R., Conlon, M.A.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI 2013
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/79133
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author Christophersen, Claus
Petersen, A.
Licht, T.R.
Conlon, M.A.
author_facet Christophersen, Claus
Petersen, A.
Licht, T.R.
Conlon, M.A.
author_sort Christophersen, Claus
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description High dietary intakes of some protein sources, including soy protein, can increase colonic DNA damage in animals, whereas some carbohydrates attenuate this. We investigated whether inulin and xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) could be protective against DNA strand breaks by adding them to a human colonic simulator consisting of a proximal vessel (PV) (pH 5.5) and a distal vessel (DV) (pH 6.8) inoculated with human faeces and media containing soy protein. Genotoxicity of the liquid phase and microbial population changes in the vessels were measured. Soy protein (3%) was fermented with 1% low amylose cornstarch for 10 day followed by soy protein with 1% XOS or 1% inulin for 10 day. Inulin did not alter genotoxicity but XOS significantly reduced PV genotoxicity and increased DV genotoxicity. Inulin and XOS significantly increased butyrate concentration in the DV but not PV. Numbers of the key butyrate-producing bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were significantly increased in the PV and DV by inulin but significantly decreased by XOS in both vessels. Other bacteria examined were also significantly impacted by the carbohydrate treatments or by the vessel (i.e., pH). There was a significant overall inverse correlation between levels of damage induced by the ferments and levels of sulphate-reducing bacteria, Bacteroides fragilis, and acetate. In conclusion, dietary XOS can potentially modulate the genotoxicity of the colonic environment and specific bacterial groups and short chain fatty acids may mediate this. © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-791332020-07-07T06:21:39Z Xylo-oligosaccharides and inulin affect genotoxicity and bacterial populations differently in a human colonic simulator challenged with soy protein Christophersen, Claus Petersen, A. Licht, T.R. Conlon, M.A. Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Nutrition & Dietetics microbiota DNA damage comet assay microbial fermentation quantitative PCR SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA COLORECTAL-CANCER RISK HYDROGEN-SULFIDE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA RESISTANT STARCH HUMAN FECES DNA-DAMAGE ACID RATS BUTYRATE High dietary intakes of some protein sources, including soy protein, can increase colonic DNA damage in animals, whereas some carbohydrates attenuate this. We investigated whether inulin and xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) could be protective against DNA strand breaks by adding them to a human colonic simulator consisting of a proximal vessel (PV) (pH 5.5) and a distal vessel (DV) (pH 6.8) inoculated with human faeces and media containing soy protein. Genotoxicity of the liquid phase and microbial population changes in the vessels were measured. Soy protein (3%) was fermented with 1% low amylose cornstarch for 10 day followed by soy protein with 1% XOS or 1% inulin for 10 day. Inulin did not alter genotoxicity but XOS significantly reduced PV genotoxicity and increased DV genotoxicity. Inulin and XOS significantly increased butyrate concentration in the DV but not PV. Numbers of the key butyrate-producing bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were significantly increased in the PV and DV by inulin but significantly decreased by XOS in both vessels. Other bacteria examined were also significantly impacted by the carbohydrate treatments or by the vessel (i.e., pH). There was a significant overall inverse correlation between levels of damage induced by the ferments and levels of sulphate-reducing bacteria, Bacteroides fragilis, and acetate. In conclusion, dietary XOS can potentially modulate the genotoxicity of the colonic environment and specific bacterial groups and short chain fatty acids may mediate this. © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. 2013 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/79133 10.3390/nu5093740 English MDPI unknown
spellingShingle Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Nutrition & Dietetics
microbiota
DNA damage
comet assay
microbial fermentation
quantitative PCR
SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA
COLORECTAL-CANCER RISK
HYDROGEN-SULFIDE
INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA
RESISTANT STARCH
HUMAN FECES
DNA-DAMAGE
ACID
RATS
BUTYRATE
Christophersen, Claus
Petersen, A.
Licht, T.R.
Conlon, M.A.
Xylo-oligosaccharides and inulin affect genotoxicity and bacterial populations differently in a human colonic simulator challenged with soy protein
title Xylo-oligosaccharides and inulin affect genotoxicity and bacterial populations differently in a human colonic simulator challenged with soy protein
title_full Xylo-oligosaccharides and inulin affect genotoxicity and bacterial populations differently in a human colonic simulator challenged with soy protein
title_fullStr Xylo-oligosaccharides and inulin affect genotoxicity and bacterial populations differently in a human colonic simulator challenged with soy protein
title_full_unstemmed Xylo-oligosaccharides and inulin affect genotoxicity and bacterial populations differently in a human colonic simulator challenged with soy protein
title_short Xylo-oligosaccharides and inulin affect genotoxicity and bacterial populations differently in a human colonic simulator challenged with soy protein
title_sort xylo-oligosaccharides and inulin affect genotoxicity and bacterial populations differently in a human colonic simulator challenged with soy protein
topic Science & Technology
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Nutrition & Dietetics
microbiota
DNA damage
comet assay
microbial fermentation
quantitative PCR
SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA
COLORECTAL-CANCER RISK
HYDROGEN-SULFIDE
INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA
RESISTANT STARCH
HUMAN FECES
DNA-DAMAGE
ACID
RATS
BUTYRATE
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/79133