Tissue plasminogen activator potently stimulates pleural effusion via a monocyte chemotactic protein-1-dependent mechanism

Copyright © 2015 by the American Thoracic Society. Pleural infection is common. Evacuation of infected pleural fluid is essential for successful treatment, but it is often difficult because of adhesions/loculations within the effusion and the viscosity of the fluid. Intrapleural delivery of tissue p...

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Main Authors: Lansley, S., Cheah, H., Della Vergiliana, J., Chakera, Aron, Lee, Y.
Format: Journal Article
Published: American Thoracic Society 2015
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/7694
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author Lansley, S.
Cheah, H.
Della Vergiliana, J.
Chakera, Aron
Lee, Y.
author_facet Lansley, S.
Cheah, H.
Della Vergiliana, J.
Chakera, Aron
Lee, Y.
author_sort Lansley, S.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Copyright © 2015 by the American Thoracic Society. Pleural infection is common. Evacuation of infected pleural fluid is essential for successful treatment, but it is often difficult because of adhesions/loculations within the effusion and the viscosity of the fluid. Intrapleural delivery of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) (to break the adhesions) and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) (to reduce fluid viscosity) has recently been shown to improve clinical outcomes in a large randomized study of pleural infection. Clinical studies of intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy have consistently shown subsequent production of large effusions, the mechanism(s) of which are unknown. We aimed to determine the mechanism by which tPA induces exudative fluid formation. Intrapleural tPA, with or without DNase, significantly induced pleural fluid accumulation in CD1 mice (tPA alone: median [interquartile range], 53.5 [30-355] µl) compared with DNase alone or vehicle controls (both, 0.0 [0.0-0.0] µl) after 6 hours. Fluid induction was reproduced after intrapleural delivery of streptokinase and urokinase, indicating a class effect. Pleural fluid monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 levels strongly correlated with effusion volume (r = 0.7302; P = 0.003), and were significantly higher than MCP-1 levels in corresponding sera. Mice treated with anti-MCP-1 antibody (P < 0.0001) or MCP-1 receptor antagonist (P = 0.0049) demonstrated a significant decrease in tPA-induced pleural fluid formation (by up to 85%). Our data implicate MCP-1 as the key molecule governing tPA-induced fluid accumulation. The role of MCP-1 in the development of other exudative effusions warrants examination.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-76942017-09-13T14:34:28Z Tissue plasminogen activator potently stimulates pleural effusion via a monocyte chemotactic protein-1-dependent mechanism Lansley, S. Cheah, H. Della Vergiliana, J. Chakera, Aron Lee, Y. Copyright © 2015 by the American Thoracic Society. Pleural infection is common. Evacuation of infected pleural fluid is essential for successful treatment, but it is often difficult because of adhesions/loculations within the effusion and the viscosity of the fluid. Intrapleural delivery of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) (to break the adhesions) and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) (to reduce fluid viscosity) has recently been shown to improve clinical outcomes in a large randomized study of pleural infection. Clinical studies of intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy have consistently shown subsequent production of large effusions, the mechanism(s) of which are unknown. We aimed to determine the mechanism by which tPA induces exudative fluid formation. Intrapleural tPA, with or without DNase, significantly induced pleural fluid accumulation in CD1 mice (tPA alone: median [interquartile range], 53.5 [30-355] µl) compared with DNase alone or vehicle controls (both, 0.0 [0.0-0.0] µl) after 6 hours. Fluid induction was reproduced after intrapleural delivery of streptokinase and urokinase, indicating a class effect. Pleural fluid monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 levels strongly correlated with effusion volume (r = 0.7302; P = 0.003), and were significantly higher than MCP-1 levels in corresponding sera. Mice treated with anti-MCP-1 antibody (P < 0.0001) or MCP-1 receptor antagonist (P = 0.0049) demonstrated a significant decrease in tPA-induced pleural fluid formation (by up to 85%). Our data implicate MCP-1 as the key molecule governing tPA-induced fluid accumulation. The role of MCP-1 in the development of other exudative effusions warrants examination. 2015 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/7694 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0017OC American Thoracic Society restricted
spellingShingle Lansley, S.
Cheah, H.
Della Vergiliana, J.
Chakera, Aron
Lee, Y.
Tissue plasminogen activator potently stimulates pleural effusion via a monocyte chemotactic protein-1-dependent mechanism
title Tissue plasminogen activator potently stimulates pleural effusion via a monocyte chemotactic protein-1-dependent mechanism
title_full Tissue plasminogen activator potently stimulates pleural effusion via a monocyte chemotactic protein-1-dependent mechanism
title_fullStr Tissue plasminogen activator potently stimulates pleural effusion via a monocyte chemotactic protein-1-dependent mechanism
title_full_unstemmed Tissue plasminogen activator potently stimulates pleural effusion via a monocyte chemotactic protein-1-dependent mechanism
title_short Tissue plasminogen activator potently stimulates pleural effusion via a monocyte chemotactic protein-1-dependent mechanism
title_sort tissue plasminogen activator potently stimulates pleural effusion via a monocyte chemotactic protein-1-dependent mechanism
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/7694