Intracellular speciation of gold nanorods alters the conformational dynamics of genomic DNA
Gold nanorods are one of the most widely explored inorganic materials in nanomedicine for diagnostics, therapeutics and sensing1. It has been shown that gold nanorods are not cytotoxic and localize within cytoplasmic vesicles following endocytosis, with no nuclear localization2,3, but other studies...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Published: |
Macmillan Publishers Limited
2018
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/71376 |
| _version_ | 1848762463353307136 |
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| author | Ho, D. Kretzmann, J. Norret, M. Toshniwal, P. Veder, Jean-Pierre Jiang, H. Guagliardo, P. Munshi, A. Chawla, R. Evans, C. Clemons, T. Nguyen, M. Kretzmann, A. Blythe, A. Saunders, M. Archer, M. Fitzgerald, Melinda Keelan, J. Bond, C. Kilburn, M. Hurley, L. Smith, N. Iyer, K. |
| author_facet | Ho, D. Kretzmann, J. Norret, M. Toshniwal, P. Veder, Jean-Pierre Jiang, H. Guagliardo, P. Munshi, A. Chawla, R. Evans, C. Clemons, T. Nguyen, M. Kretzmann, A. Blythe, A. Saunders, M. Archer, M. Fitzgerald, Melinda Keelan, J. Bond, C. Kilburn, M. Hurley, L. Smith, N. Iyer, K. |
| author_sort | Ho, D. |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Gold nanorods are one of the most widely explored inorganic materials in nanomedicine for diagnostics, therapeutics and sensing1. It has been shown that gold nanorods are not cytotoxic and localize within cytoplasmic vesicles following endocytosis, with no nuclear localization2,3, but other studies have reported alterations in gene expression profiles in cells following exposure to gold nanorods, via unknown mechanisms4. In this work we describe a pathway that can contribute to this phenomenon. By mapping the intracellular chemical speciation process of gold nanorods, we show that the commonly used Au–thiol conjugation, which is important for maintaining the noble (inert) properties of gold nanostructures, is altered following endocytosis, resulting in the formation of Au(i)–thiolates that localize in the nucleus5. Furthermore, we show that nuclear localization of the gold species perturbs the dynamic microenvironment within the nucleus and triggers alteration of gene expression in human cells. We demonstrate this using quantitative visualization of ubiquitous DNA G-quadruplex structures, which are sensitive to ionic imbalances, as an indicator of the formation of structural alterations in genomic DNA. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T10:47:58Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-71376 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T10:47:58Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Macmillan Publishers Limited |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-713762019-04-10T05:21:13Z Intracellular speciation of gold nanorods alters the conformational dynamics of genomic DNA Ho, D. Kretzmann, J. Norret, M. Toshniwal, P. Veder, Jean-Pierre Jiang, H. Guagliardo, P. Munshi, A. Chawla, R. Evans, C. Clemons, T. Nguyen, M. Kretzmann, A. Blythe, A. Saunders, M. Archer, M. Fitzgerald, Melinda Keelan, J. Bond, C. Kilburn, M. Hurley, L. Smith, N. Iyer, K. Gold nanorods are one of the most widely explored inorganic materials in nanomedicine for diagnostics, therapeutics and sensing1. It has been shown that gold nanorods are not cytotoxic and localize within cytoplasmic vesicles following endocytosis, with no nuclear localization2,3, but other studies have reported alterations in gene expression profiles in cells following exposure to gold nanorods, via unknown mechanisms4. In this work we describe a pathway that can contribute to this phenomenon. By mapping the intracellular chemical speciation process of gold nanorods, we show that the commonly used Au–thiol conjugation, which is important for maintaining the noble (inert) properties of gold nanostructures, is altered following endocytosis, resulting in the formation of Au(i)–thiolates that localize in the nucleus5. Furthermore, we show that nuclear localization of the gold species perturbs the dynamic microenvironment within the nucleus and triggers alteration of gene expression in human cells. We demonstrate this using quantitative visualization of ubiquitous DNA G-quadruplex structures, which are sensitive to ionic imbalances, as an indicator of the formation of structural alterations in genomic DNA. 2018 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/71376 10.1038/s41565-018-0272-2 Macmillan Publishers Limited fulltext |
| spellingShingle | Ho, D. Kretzmann, J. Norret, M. Toshniwal, P. Veder, Jean-Pierre Jiang, H. Guagliardo, P. Munshi, A. Chawla, R. Evans, C. Clemons, T. Nguyen, M. Kretzmann, A. Blythe, A. Saunders, M. Archer, M. Fitzgerald, Melinda Keelan, J. Bond, C. Kilburn, M. Hurley, L. Smith, N. Iyer, K. Intracellular speciation of gold nanorods alters the conformational dynamics of genomic DNA |
| title | Intracellular speciation of gold nanorods alters the conformational dynamics of genomic DNA |
| title_full | Intracellular speciation of gold nanorods alters the conformational dynamics of genomic DNA |
| title_fullStr | Intracellular speciation of gold nanorods alters the conformational dynamics of genomic DNA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intracellular speciation of gold nanorods alters the conformational dynamics of genomic DNA |
| title_short | Intracellular speciation of gold nanorods alters the conformational dynamics of genomic DNA |
| title_sort | intracellular speciation of gold nanorods alters the conformational dynamics of genomic dna |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/71376 |