The effect of the ecstasy 'come-down' on the diagnosis of ecstasy dependence
Background: The existence of an ecstasy-dependence syndrome is controversial. We examined whether the acute after-effects of ecstasy use (i.e. the 'come-down') falsely lead to the identification of ecstasy withdrawal and the subsequent diagnosis of ecstasy dependence. Methods: The Structur...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
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Elsevier Ireland Ltd
2014
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/57031 |
| _version_ | 1848759998682759168 |
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| author | McKetin, Rebecca Copeland, J. Norberg, M. Bruno, R. Hides, L. Khawar, L. |
| author_facet | McKetin, Rebecca Copeland, J. Norberg, M. Bruno, R. Hides, L. Khawar, L. |
| author_sort | McKetin, Rebecca |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Background: The existence of an ecstasy-dependence syndrome is controversial. We examined whether the acute after-effects of ecstasy use (i.e. the 'come-down') falsely lead to the identification of ecstasy withdrawal and the subsequent diagnosis of ecstasy dependence. Methods: The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Disorders: Research Version (SCID-RV) was administered to 214 Australian ecstasy users. Ecstasy withdrawal was operationalised in three contrasting ways: (i) as per DSM-IV criteria; (ii) as the expected after-effects of ecstasy (a regular come-down); or (iii) as a substantially greater or longer come-down than on first use (intense come-down). These definitions were validated against frequency of ecstasy use, readiness to change and ability to resist the urge to use ecstasy. Confirmatory factor analyses were used to see how they aligned with the overall dependence syndrome. Results: Come-down symptoms increased the prevalence of withdrawal from 1% (DSM-IV criterion) to 11% (intense come-downs) and 75% (regular come-downs). Past year ecstasy dependence remained at 31% when including the DSM-IV withdrawal criteria and was 32% with intense come-downs, but increased to 45% with regular come-downs. Intense come-downs were associated with lower ability to resist ecstasy use and loaded positively on the dependence syndrome. Regular come-downs did not load positively on the ecstasy-dependence syndrome and were not related to other indices of dependence. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T10:08:47Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-57031 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T10:08:47Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Elsevier Ireland Ltd |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-570312018-01-17T03:43:18Z The effect of the ecstasy 'come-down' on the diagnosis of ecstasy dependence McKetin, Rebecca Copeland, J. Norberg, M. Bruno, R. Hides, L. Khawar, L. Background: The existence of an ecstasy-dependence syndrome is controversial. We examined whether the acute after-effects of ecstasy use (i.e. the 'come-down') falsely lead to the identification of ecstasy withdrawal and the subsequent diagnosis of ecstasy dependence. Methods: The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Disorders: Research Version (SCID-RV) was administered to 214 Australian ecstasy users. Ecstasy withdrawal was operationalised in three contrasting ways: (i) as per DSM-IV criteria; (ii) as the expected after-effects of ecstasy (a regular come-down); or (iii) as a substantially greater or longer come-down than on first use (intense come-down). These definitions were validated against frequency of ecstasy use, readiness to change and ability to resist the urge to use ecstasy. Confirmatory factor analyses were used to see how they aligned with the overall dependence syndrome. Results: Come-down symptoms increased the prevalence of withdrawal from 1% (DSM-IV criterion) to 11% (intense come-downs) and 75% (regular come-downs). Past year ecstasy dependence remained at 31% when including the DSM-IV withdrawal criteria and was 32% with intense come-downs, but increased to 45% with regular come-downs. Intense come-downs were associated with lower ability to resist ecstasy use and loaded positively on the dependence syndrome. Regular come-downs did not load positively on the ecstasy-dependence syndrome and were not related to other indices of dependence. 2014 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/57031 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.697 Elsevier Ireland Ltd restricted |
| spellingShingle | McKetin, Rebecca Copeland, J. Norberg, M. Bruno, R. Hides, L. Khawar, L. The effect of the ecstasy 'come-down' on the diagnosis of ecstasy dependence |
| title | The effect of the ecstasy 'come-down' on the diagnosis of ecstasy dependence |
| title_full | The effect of the ecstasy 'come-down' on the diagnosis of ecstasy dependence |
| title_fullStr | The effect of the ecstasy 'come-down' on the diagnosis of ecstasy dependence |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of the ecstasy 'come-down' on the diagnosis of ecstasy dependence |
| title_short | The effect of the ecstasy 'come-down' on the diagnosis of ecstasy dependence |
| title_sort | effect of the ecstasy 'come-down' on the diagnosis of ecstasy dependence |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/57031 |