Investigating Intracellular Localisation and Cytotoxicity Trends for Neutral and Cationic Iridium Tetrazolato Complexes in Live Cells

A family of five neutral cyclometalated iridium(III) tetrazolato complexes and their methylated cationic analogues have been synthesised and characterised. The complexes are distinguished by variations of the substituents or degree of p conjugation on either the phenylpyridine or tetrazolato ligands...

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Main Authors: Caporale, C., Bader, C., Sorvina, A., Magee, K., Skelton, B., Gillam, T., Wright, P., Raiteri, Paolo, Stagni, S., Morrison, J., Plush, S., Brooks, D., Massi, Massimiliano
Format: Journal Article
Published: Wiley 2017
Online Access:http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT130100033
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/56724
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author Caporale, C.
Bader, C.
Sorvina, A.
Magee, K.
Skelton, B.
Gillam, T.
Wright, P.
Raiteri, Paolo
Stagni, S.
Morrison, J.
Plush, S.
Brooks, D.
Massi, Massimiliano
author_facet Caporale, C.
Bader, C.
Sorvina, A.
Magee, K.
Skelton, B.
Gillam, T.
Wright, P.
Raiteri, Paolo
Stagni, S.
Morrison, J.
Plush, S.
Brooks, D.
Massi, Massimiliano
author_sort Caporale, C.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description A family of five neutral cyclometalated iridium(III) tetrazolato complexes and their methylated cationic analogues have been synthesised and characterised. The complexes are distinguished by variations of the substituents or degree of p conjugation on either the phenylpyridine or tetrazolato ligands. The photophysical properties of these species have been evaluated in organic and aqueous media, revealing predominantly a solvatochromic emission originating from mixed metal-to-ligand and ligand-to-ligand charge transfer excited states of triplet multiplicity. These emissions are characterised by typically long excited-state lifetimes (~hundreds of ns), and quantum yields around 5-10% in aqueous media. Methylation of the complexes caused a systematic red-shift of the emission profiles. The behaviour and the effects of the different complexes were then examined in cells. The neutral species localised mostly in the endoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplets, whereas the majority of the cationic complexes localised in the mitochondria. The amount of complexes found within cells does not depend on lipophilicity, which potentially suggests diverse uptake mechanisms. Methylated analogues were found to be more cytotoxic compared to the neutral species, a behaviour that might to be linked to a combination of uptake and intracellular localisation.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-567242022-11-24T04:09:49Z Investigating Intracellular Localisation and Cytotoxicity Trends for Neutral and Cationic Iridium Tetrazolato Complexes in Live Cells Caporale, C. Bader, C. Sorvina, A. Magee, K. Skelton, B. Gillam, T. Wright, P. Raiteri, Paolo Stagni, S. Morrison, J. Plush, S. Brooks, D. Massi, Massimiliano A family of five neutral cyclometalated iridium(III) tetrazolato complexes and their methylated cationic analogues have been synthesised and characterised. The complexes are distinguished by variations of the substituents or degree of p conjugation on either the phenylpyridine or tetrazolato ligands. The photophysical properties of these species have been evaluated in organic and aqueous media, revealing predominantly a solvatochromic emission originating from mixed metal-to-ligand and ligand-to-ligand charge transfer excited states of triplet multiplicity. These emissions are characterised by typically long excited-state lifetimes (~hundreds of ns), and quantum yields around 5-10% in aqueous media. Methylation of the complexes caused a systematic red-shift of the emission profiles. The behaviour and the effects of the different complexes were then examined in cells. The neutral species localised mostly in the endoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplets, whereas the majority of the cationic complexes localised in the mitochondria. The amount of complexes found within cells does not depend on lipophilicity, which potentially suggests diverse uptake mechanisms. Methylated analogues were found to be more cytotoxic compared to the neutral species, a behaviour that might to be linked to a combination of uptake and intracellular localisation. 2017 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/56724 10.1002/chem.201701352 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT130100033 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT130100463 Wiley fulltext
spellingShingle Caporale, C.
Bader, C.
Sorvina, A.
Magee, K.
Skelton, B.
Gillam, T.
Wright, P.
Raiteri, Paolo
Stagni, S.
Morrison, J.
Plush, S.
Brooks, D.
Massi, Massimiliano
Investigating Intracellular Localisation and Cytotoxicity Trends for Neutral and Cationic Iridium Tetrazolato Complexes in Live Cells
title Investigating Intracellular Localisation and Cytotoxicity Trends for Neutral and Cationic Iridium Tetrazolato Complexes in Live Cells
title_full Investigating Intracellular Localisation and Cytotoxicity Trends for Neutral and Cationic Iridium Tetrazolato Complexes in Live Cells
title_fullStr Investigating Intracellular Localisation and Cytotoxicity Trends for Neutral and Cationic Iridium Tetrazolato Complexes in Live Cells
title_full_unstemmed Investigating Intracellular Localisation and Cytotoxicity Trends for Neutral and Cationic Iridium Tetrazolato Complexes in Live Cells
title_short Investigating Intracellular Localisation and Cytotoxicity Trends for Neutral and Cationic Iridium Tetrazolato Complexes in Live Cells
title_sort investigating intracellular localisation and cytotoxicity trends for neutral and cationic iridium tetrazolato complexes in live cells
url http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT130100033
http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/FT130100033
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/56724