Case-control evaluation of the effectiveness of the G1P[8] human rotavirus vaccine during an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection in central Australia
Summary: The human rotavirus vaccine was evaluated during an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection in central Australia. No overall protective effect against hospitalization was demonstrated, raising concerns over the durability of vaccine protection against heterotypic strains. Background: Two and...
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| Format: | Journal Article |
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Oxford University Press
2011
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/55625 |
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| author | Snelling, Thomas Andrews, R. Kirkwood, C. Culvenor, S. Carapetis, J. |
| author_facet | Snelling, Thomas Andrews, R. Kirkwood, C. Culvenor, S. Carapetis, J. |
| author_sort | Snelling, Thomas |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | Summary: The human rotavirus vaccine was evaluated during an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection in central Australia. No overall protective effect against hospitalization was demonstrated, raising concerns over the durability of vaccine protection against heterotypic strains. Background: Two and a half years after commencing routine vaccination with human rotavirus vaccine, an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection occurred in central Australia. Vaccine effectiveness against a P[8]-containing strain (G9P[8] ) had been demonstrated previously in this setting. This subsequent outbreak provided the opportunity to evaluate vaccine effectiveness against hospitalizations for a non-vaccine-related genotype in the same population. Methods: A case-control study was nested within a cohort of vaccine-eligible children listed on a populationbased immunization register. Children with rotavirus-confirmed gastroenteritis were individually matched by date of birth and Indigenous status with 4 control subjects. Results: Forty-one cases met the inclusion criteria, and 21 were severe cases among infants aged < 12 months. Nineteen (46%) of 41 case patients had received 2 doses of human rotavirus vaccine, compared with 87 (53%) of 164 control subjects. Vaccine effectiveness against rotavirus-related hospitalization was 19% (odds ratio,.81; 95% confidence interval,.32-2.05) for 2 doses compared with none. On secondary analysis, there was evidence of a protective effect against disease complicated by acidosis in the subset of infants aged < 12 months (odds ratio,.15; 95% confidence interval,.03-.84). Conclusions. Evidence was not found for an overall protective effect of human rotavirus vaccine against hospitalization for rotavirus disease in this setting. Post hoc analyses suggested a protective effect against severe disease in young infants. © The Author 2011. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T10:03:32Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-55625 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T10:03:32Z |
| publishDate | 2011 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-556252017-09-13T16:10:29Z Case-control evaluation of the effectiveness of the G1P[8] human rotavirus vaccine during an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection in central Australia Snelling, Thomas Andrews, R. Kirkwood, C. Culvenor, S. Carapetis, J. Summary: The human rotavirus vaccine was evaluated during an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection in central Australia. No overall protective effect against hospitalization was demonstrated, raising concerns over the durability of vaccine protection against heterotypic strains. Background: Two and a half years after commencing routine vaccination with human rotavirus vaccine, an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection occurred in central Australia. Vaccine effectiveness against a P[8]-containing strain (G9P[8] ) had been demonstrated previously in this setting. This subsequent outbreak provided the opportunity to evaluate vaccine effectiveness against hospitalizations for a non-vaccine-related genotype in the same population. Methods: A case-control study was nested within a cohort of vaccine-eligible children listed on a populationbased immunization register. Children with rotavirus-confirmed gastroenteritis were individually matched by date of birth and Indigenous status with 4 control subjects. Results: Forty-one cases met the inclusion criteria, and 21 were severe cases among infants aged < 12 months. Nineteen (46%) of 41 case patients had received 2 doses of human rotavirus vaccine, compared with 87 (53%) of 164 control subjects. Vaccine effectiveness against rotavirus-related hospitalization was 19% (odds ratio,.81; 95% confidence interval,.32-2.05) for 2 doses compared with none. On secondary analysis, there was evidence of a protective effect against disease complicated by acidosis in the subset of infants aged < 12 months (odds ratio,.15; 95% confidence interval,.03-.84). Conclusions. Evidence was not found for an overall protective effect of human rotavirus vaccine against hospitalization for rotavirus disease in this setting. Post hoc analyses suggested a protective effect against severe disease in young infants. © The Author 2011. 2011 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/55625 10.1093/cid/ciq101 Oxford University Press unknown |
| spellingShingle | Snelling, Thomas Andrews, R. Kirkwood, C. Culvenor, S. Carapetis, J. Case-control evaluation of the effectiveness of the G1P[8] human rotavirus vaccine during an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection in central Australia |
| title | Case-control evaluation of the effectiveness of the G1P[8] human rotavirus vaccine during an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection in central Australia |
| title_full | Case-control evaluation of the effectiveness of the G1P[8] human rotavirus vaccine during an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection in central Australia |
| title_fullStr | Case-control evaluation of the effectiveness of the G1P[8] human rotavirus vaccine during an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection in central Australia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Case-control evaluation of the effectiveness of the G1P[8] human rotavirus vaccine during an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection in central Australia |
| title_short | Case-control evaluation of the effectiveness of the G1P[8] human rotavirus vaccine during an outbreak of rotavirus G2P[4] infection in central Australia |
| title_sort | case-control evaluation of the effectiveness of the g1p[8] human rotavirus vaccine during an outbreak of rotavirus g2p[4] infection in central australia |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/55625 |