African geoxyles evolved in response to fire; frost came later

It has been proposed in separate studies that fire or frost were the critical selective agents in the evolution of subshrub geoxyles (SGs) in African subtropical grasslands. We attempt to resolve this controversy by examining the evolution of SGs among the entire genus Protea that is widespread thro...

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Main Authors: Lamont, Byron, He, Tianhua, Pausas, J.
Format: Journal Article
Published: Springer Netherlands 2017
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/54604
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author Lamont, Byron
He, Tianhua
Pausas, J.
author_facet Lamont, Byron
He, Tianhua
Pausas, J.
author_sort Lamont, Byron
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description It has been proposed in separate studies that fire or frost were the critical selective agents in the evolution of subshrub geoxyles (SGs) in African subtropical grasslands. We attempt to resolve this controversy by examining the evolution of SGs among the entire genus Protea that is widespread throughout southern/central Africa. We show that SGs are not confined to grasslands but occur in a wide range of non-forest vegetation types, including mediterranean shrublands. SG proteas arose 1–11 million years ago but their multiple origins among other geoxyles, confounded by strong intraspecific variability among grassland species, makes it impossible to identify the ancestral growth form. We conclude that the evolutionary history of SG proteas has occurred under lightning-prone conditions that promoted fire and were essentially frost-free; exposure to frost has been limited to certain elevated locations in more recent times. This is supported by many SGs having pyrogenic flowering and lack of seed storage among grassland species.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-546042018-05-29T07:01:16Z African geoxyles evolved in response to fire; frost came later Lamont, Byron He, Tianhua Pausas, J. It has been proposed in separate studies that fire or frost were the critical selective agents in the evolution of subshrub geoxyles (SGs) in African subtropical grasslands. We attempt to resolve this controversy by examining the evolution of SGs among the entire genus Protea that is widespread throughout southern/central Africa. We show that SGs are not confined to grasslands but occur in a wide range of non-forest vegetation types, including mediterranean shrublands. SG proteas arose 1–11 million years ago but their multiple origins among other geoxyles, confounded by strong intraspecific variability among grassland species, makes it impossible to identify the ancestral growth form. We conclude that the evolutionary history of SG proteas has occurred under lightning-prone conditions that promoted fire and were essentially frost-free; exposure to frost has been limited to certain elevated locations in more recent times. This is supported by many SGs having pyrogenic flowering and lack of seed storage among grassland species. 2017 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/54604 10.1007/s10682-017-9905-4 Springer Netherlands fulltext
spellingShingle Lamont, Byron
He, Tianhua
Pausas, J.
African geoxyles evolved in response to fire; frost came later
title African geoxyles evolved in response to fire; frost came later
title_full African geoxyles evolved in response to fire; frost came later
title_fullStr African geoxyles evolved in response to fire; frost came later
title_full_unstemmed African geoxyles evolved in response to fire; frost came later
title_short African geoxyles evolved in response to fire; frost came later
title_sort african geoxyles evolved in response to fire; frost came later
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/54604