Optimized PID control of depth of hypnosis in anesthesia

Background and Objective: This paper addresses the use of proportional-integral-derivative controllers for regulating the depth of hypnosis in anesthesia by using propofol administration and the bispectral index as a controlled variable. In fact, introducing an automatic control system might provide...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Padula, Fabrizio, Ionescu, C., Latronico, N., Paltenghi, M., Visioli, A., Vivacqua, G.
Format: Journal Article
Published: Elsevier 2017
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/52922
_version_ 1848759044792123392
author Padula, Fabrizio
Ionescu, C.
Latronico, N.
Paltenghi, M.
Visioli, A.
Vivacqua, G.
author_facet Padula, Fabrizio
Ionescu, C.
Latronico, N.
Paltenghi, M.
Visioli, A.
Vivacqua, G.
author_sort Padula, Fabrizio
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Background and Objective: This paper addresses the use of proportional-integral-derivative controllers for regulating the depth of hypnosis in anesthesia by using propofol administration and the bispectral index as a controlled variable. In fact, introducing an automatic control system might provide significant benefits for the patient in reducing the risk for under- and over-dosing. Methods: In this study, the controller parameters are obtained through genetic algorithms by solving a min-max optimization problem. A set of 12 patient models representative of a large population variance is used to test controller robustness. The worst-case performance in the considered population is minimized considering two different scenarios: the induction case and the maintenance case. Results: Our results indicate that including a gain scheduling strategy enables optimal performance for induction and maintenance phases, separately. Using a single tuning to address both tasks may results in a loss of performance up to 102% in the induction phase and up to 31% in the maintenance phase. Further on, it is shown that a suitably designed low-pass filter on the controller output can handle the trade-off between the performance and the noise effect in the control variable. Conclusions: Optimally tuned PID controllers provide a fast induction time with an acceptable overshoot and a satisfactory disturbance rejection performance during maintenance. These features make them a very good tool for comparison when other control algorithms are developed.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T09:53:38Z
format Journal Article
id curtin-20.500.11937-52922
institution Curtin University Malaysia
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-14T09:53:38Z
publishDate 2017
publisher Elsevier
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling curtin-20.500.11937-529222018-03-20T08:50:58Z Optimized PID control of depth of hypnosis in anesthesia Padula, Fabrizio Ionescu, C. Latronico, N. Paltenghi, M. Visioli, A. Vivacqua, G. Background and Objective: This paper addresses the use of proportional-integral-derivative controllers for regulating the depth of hypnosis in anesthesia by using propofol administration and the bispectral index as a controlled variable. In fact, introducing an automatic control system might provide significant benefits for the patient in reducing the risk for under- and over-dosing. Methods: In this study, the controller parameters are obtained through genetic algorithms by solving a min-max optimization problem. A set of 12 patient models representative of a large population variance is used to test controller robustness. The worst-case performance in the considered population is minimized considering two different scenarios: the induction case and the maintenance case. Results: Our results indicate that including a gain scheduling strategy enables optimal performance for induction and maintenance phases, separately. Using a single tuning to address both tasks may results in a loss of performance up to 102% in the induction phase and up to 31% in the maintenance phase. Further on, it is shown that a suitably designed low-pass filter on the controller output can handle the trade-off between the performance and the noise effect in the control variable. Conclusions: Optimally tuned PID controllers provide a fast induction time with an acceptable overshoot and a satisfactory disturbance rejection performance during maintenance. These features make them a very good tool for comparison when other control algorithms are developed. 2017 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/52922 10.1016/j.cmpb.2017.03.013 Elsevier fulltext
spellingShingle Padula, Fabrizio
Ionescu, C.
Latronico, N.
Paltenghi, M.
Visioli, A.
Vivacqua, G.
Optimized PID control of depth of hypnosis in anesthesia
title Optimized PID control of depth of hypnosis in anesthesia
title_full Optimized PID control of depth of hypnosis in anesthesia
title_fullStr Optimized PID control of depth of hypnosis in anesthesia
title_full_unstemmed Optimized PID control of depth of hypnosis in anesthesia
title_short Optimized PID control of depth of hypnosis in anesthesia
title_sort optimized pid control of depth of hypnosis in anesthesia
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/52922