Source Detection in Interferometric Visibility Data. I. Fundamental Estimation Limits

Transient radio signals of astrophysical origin present an avenue for studying the dynamic universe. With the next generation of radio interferometers being planned and built, there is great potential for detecting and studying large samples of radio transients. Currently used image-based techniques...

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Main Authors: Trott, Cathryn, Wayth, Randall, Macquart, Jean-Pierre, Tingay, Steven
Format: Journal Article
Published: Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc. 2011
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/49005
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author Trott, Cathryn
Wayth, Randall
Macquart, Jean-Pierre
Tingay, Steven
author_facet Trott, Cathryn
Wayth, Randall
Macquart, Jean-Pierre
Tingay, Steven
author_sort Trott, Cathryn
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Transient radio signals of astrophysical origin present an avenue for studying the dynamic universe. With the next generation of radio interferometers being planned and built, there is great potential for detecting and studying large samples of radio transients. Currently used image-based techniques for detecting radio sources have not been demonstrated to be optimal, and there is a need for development of more sophisticated algorithms and methodology for comparing different detection techniques. A visibility-space detector benefits from our good understanding of visibility-space noise properties and does not suffer from the image artifacts and need for deconvolution in image-space detectors. In this paper, we propose a method for designing optimal source detectors using visibility data, building on statistical decision theory. The approach is substantially different to conventional radio astronomy source detection. Optimal detection requires an accurate model for the data, and we present a realistic model for the likelihood function of radio interferometric data, including the effects of calibration, signal confusion, and atmospheric phase fluctuations. As part of this process, we derive fundamental limits on the calibration of an interferometric array, including the case where many relatively weak “in-beam” calibrators are used. These limits are then applied, along with a model for atmospheric phase fluctuations, to determine the limits on measuring source position, flux density, and spectral index, in the general case. We then present an optimal visibility-space detector using realistic models for an interferometer.
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institution Curtin University Malaysia
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publishDate 2011
publisher Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-490052017-09-13T16:09:10Z Source Detection in Interferometric Visibility Data. I. Fundamental Estimation Limits Trott, Cathryn Wayth, Randall Macquart, Jean-Pierre Tingay, Steven Transient radio signals of astrophysical origin present an avenue for studying the dynamic universe. With the next generation of radio interferometers being planned and built, there is great potential for detecting and studying large samples of radio transients. Currently used image-based techniques for detecting radio sources have not been demonstrated to be optimal, and there is a need for development of more sophisticated algorithms and methodology for comparing different detection techniques. A visibility-space detector benefits from our good understanding of visibility-space noise properties and does not suffer from the image artifacts and need for deconvolution in image-space detectors. In this paper, we propose a method for designing optimal source detectors using visibility data, building on statistical decision theory. The approach is substantially different to conventional radio astronomy source detection. Optimal detection requires an accurate model for the data, and we present a realistic model for the likelihood function of radio interferometric data, including the effects of calibration, signal confusion, and atmospheric phase fluctuations. As part of this process, we derive fundamental limits on the calibration of an interferometric array, including the case where many relatively weak “in-beam” calibrators are used. These limits are then applied, along with a model for atmospheric phase fluctuations, to determine the limits on measuring source position, flux density, and spectral index, in the general case. We then present an optimal visibility-space detector using realistic models for an interferometer. 2011 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/49005 10.1088/0004-637X/731/2/81 Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc. fulltext
spellingShingle Trott, Cathryn
Wayth, Randall
Macquart, Jean-Pierre
Tingay, Steven
Source Detection in Interferometric Visibility Data. I. Fundamental Estimation Limits
title Source Detection in Interferometric Visibility Data. I. Fundamental Estimation Limits
title_full Source Detection in Interferometric Visibility Data. I. Fundamental Estimation Limits
title_fullStr Source Detection in Interferometric Visibility Data. I. Fundamental Estimation Limits
title_full_unstemmed Source Detection in Interferometric Visibility Data. I. Fundamental Estimation Limits
title_short Source Detection in Interferometric Visibility Data. I. Fundamental Estimation Limits
title_sort source detection in interferometric visibility data. i. fundamental estimation limits
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/49005