The Impact of Frequency Standards on Coherence in VLBI at the Highest Frequencies

We have carried out full imaging simulation studies to explore the impact of frequency standards in millimeter and submillimeter very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), focusing on the coherence time and sensitivity. In particular, we compare the performance of the H-maser, traditionally used in V...

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Main Authors: Rioja, Maria, Dodson, Richard, Asaki, Y, Hartnett, J, Tingay, Steven
Format: Journal Article
Published: Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc 2012
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/4480
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author Rioja, Maria
Dodson, Richard
Asaki, Y
Hartnett, J
Tingay, Steven
author_facet Rioja, Maria
Dodson, Richard
Asaki, Y
Hartnett, J
Tingay, Steven
author_sort Rioja, Maria
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description We have carried out full imaging simulation studies to explore the impact of frequency standards in millimeter and submillimeter very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), focusing on the coherence time and sensitivity. In particular, we compare the performance of the H-maser, traditionally used in VLBI, to that of ultra-stable cryocooled sapphire oscillators over a range of observing frequencies, weather conditions, and analysis strategies. Our simulations show that at the highest frequencies, the losses induced by H-maser instabilities are comparable to those from high-quality tropospheric conditions. We find significant benefits in replacing H-masers with cryocooled sapphire oscillator based frequency references in VLBI observations at frequencies above 175 GHz in sites which have the best weather conditions; at 350 GHz we estimate a 20%-40% increase in sensitivity over that obtained when the sites have H-masers, for coherence losses of 20%-10%, respectively. Maximum benefits are to be expected by using co-located Water Vapor Radiometers for atmospheric correction. In this case, we estimate a 60%-120% increase in sensitivity over the H-maser at 350 GHz.
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institution Curtin University Malaysia
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-44802023-02-22T06:24:23Z The Impact of Frequency Standards on Coherence in VLBI at the Highest Frequencies Rioja, Maria Dodson, Richard Asaki, Y Hartnett, J Tingay, Steven miscellaneous interferometers instrumentation We have carried out full imaging simulation studies to explore the impact of frequency standards in millimeter and submillimeter very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), focusing on the coherence time and sensitivity. In particular, we compare the performance of the H-maser, traditionally used in VLBI, to that of ultra-stable cryocooled sapphire oscillators over a range of observing frequencies, weather conditions, and analysis strategies. Our simulations show that at the highest frequencies, the losses induced by H-maser instabilities are comparable to those from high-quality tropospheric conditions. We find significant benefits in replacing H-masers with cryocooled sapphire oscillator based frequency references in VLBI observations at frequencies above 175 GHz in sites which have the best weather conditions; at 350 GHz we estimate a 20%-40% increase in sensitivity over that obtained when the sites have H-masers, for coherence losses of 20%-10%, respectively. Maximum benefits are to be expected by using co-located Water Vapor Radiometers for atmospheric correction. In this case, we estimate a 60%-120% increase in sensitivity over the H-maser at 350 GHz. 2012 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/4480 10.1088/0004-6256/144/4/121 Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc unknown
spellingShingle miscellaneous
interferometers
instrumentation
Rioja, Maria
Dodson, Richard
Asaki, Y
Hartnett, J
Tingay, Steven
The Impact of Frequency Standards on Coherence in VLBI at the Highest Frequencies
title The Impact of Frequency Standards on Coherence in VLBI at the Highest Frequencies
title_full The Impact of Frequency Standards on Coherence in VLBI at the Highest Frequencies
title_fullStr The Impact of Frequency Standards on Coherence in VLBI at the Highest Frequencies
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of Frequency Standards on Coherence in VLBI at the Highest Frequencies
title_short The Impact of Frequency Standards on Coherence in VLBI at the Highest Frequencies
title_sort impact of frequency standards on coherence in vlbi at the highest frequencies
topic miscellaneous
interferometers
instrumentation
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/4480