Gravitational-wave limits from pulsar timing constrain supermassive black hole evolution

The formation and growth processes of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are not well constrained. SMBH population models, however, provide specific predictions for the properties of the gravitational-wave background (GWB) from binary SMBHs in merging galaxies throughout the Universe. Using observatio...

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Main Authors: Shannon, R., Ravi, V., Coles, W., Hobbs, G., Keith, M., Manchester, R., Wyithe, J., Bailes, M., Bhat, Ramesh, Burke-Spolaor, S., Khoo, J., Levin, Y., Oslowski, S., Sarkissian, J., van Straten, W., Verbiest, J., Wang, J.-B.
Format: Journal Article
Published: The American Association for the Advancement of Science 2013
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/4158
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author Shannon, R.
Ravi, V.
Coles, W.
Hobbs, G.
Keith, M.
Manchester, R.
Wyithe, J.
Bailes, M.
Bhat, Ramesh
Burke-Spolaor, S.
Khoo, J.
Levin, Y.
Oslowski, S.
Sarkissian, J.
van Straten, W.
Verbiest, J.
Wang, J.-B.
author_facet Shannon, R.
Ravi, V.
Coles, W.
Hobbs, G.
Keith, M.
Manchester, R.
Wyithe, J.
Bailes, M.
Bhat, Ramesh
Burke-Spolaor, S.
Khoo, J.
Levin, Y.
Oslowski, S.
Sarkissian, J.
van Straten, W.
Verbiest, J.
Wang, J.-B.
author_sort Shannon, R.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description The formation and growth processes of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are not well constrained. SMBH population models, however, provide specific predictions for the properties of the gravitational-wave background (GWB) from binary SMBHs in merging galaxies throughout the Universe. Using observations from the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array, we constrain the fractional GWB energy density with 95% confidence to be OmegaGW(H0/73 km s-1 Mpc -1)2 < 1.3 x 10-9 at a frequency of 2.8 nHz, which is approximately a factor of six more stringent than previous limits. We compare our limit to models of the SMBH population and find inconsistencies at confidence levels between 46% and 91%. For example, the standard galaxy formation model implemented in the Millennium simulations is inconsistent with our limit with 50% probability.
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format Journal Article
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institution Curtin University Malaysia
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-14T06:01:26Z
publishDate 2013
publisher The American Association for the Advancement of Science
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-41582018-03-29T09:05:22Z Gravitational-wave limits from pulsar timing constrain supermassive black hole evolution Shannon, R. Ravi, V. Coles, W. Hobbs, G. Keith, M. Manchester, R. Wyithe, J. Bailes, M. Bhat, Ramesh Burke-Spolaor, S. Khoo, J. Levin, Y. Oslowski, S. Sarkissian, J. van Straten, W. Verbiest, J. Wang, J.-B. The formation and growth processes of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are not well constrained. SMBH population models, however, provide specific predictions for the properties of the gravitational-wave background (GWB) from binary SMBHs in merging galaxies throughout the Universe. Using observations from the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array, we constrain the fractional GWB energy density with 95% confidence to be OmegaGW(H0/73 km s-1 Mpc -1)2 < 1.3 x 10-9 at a frequency of 2.8 nHz, which is approximately a factor of six more stringent than previous limits. We compare our limit to models of the SMBH population and find inconsistencies at confidence levels between 46% and 91%. For example, the standard galaxy formation model implemented in the Millennium simulations is inconsistent with our limit with 50% probability. 2013 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/4158 10.1126/science.1238012 The American Association for the Advancement of Science restricted
spellingShingle Shannon, R.
Ravi, V.
Coles, W.
Hobbs, G.
Keith, M.
Manchester, R.
Wyithe, J.
Bailes, M.
Bhat, Ramesh
Burke-Spolaor, S.
Khoo, J.
Levin, Y.
Oslowski, S.
Sarkissian, J.
van Straten, W.
Verbiest, J.
Wang, J.-B.
Gravitational-wave limits from pulsar timing constrain supermassive black hole evolution
title Gravitational-wave limits from pulsar timing constrain supermassive black hole evolution
title_full Gravitational-wave limits from pulsar timing constrain supermassive black hole evolution
title_fullStr Gravitational-wave limits from pulsar timing constrain supermassive black hole evolution
title_full_unstemmed Gravitational-wave limits from pulsar timing constrain supermassive black hole evolution
title_short Gravitational-wave limits from pulsar timing constrain supermassive black hole evolution
title_sort gravitational-wave limits from pulsar timing constrain supermassive black hole evolution
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/4158