Fermi LAT Discovery of Extended Gamma-Ray Emission in the Direction of Supernova Remnant W51C

The discovery of bright gamma-ray emission coincident with supernova remnant (SNR) W51C is reported using the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. W51C is a middle-aged remnant (~104 yr) with intense radio synchrotron emission in its shell and known to be interacti...

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Main Authors:	Abdo, A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R., Bloom, E., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T., Buson, S., Caliandro, G., Cameron, R., Caraveo, P., Casandjian, J., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S., Dormody, M., Do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S., Focke, W., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I., Grondin, M., Grove, J., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R., Jackson, M., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A., Johnson, T., Johnson, W., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Katsuta, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knödlseder, J., Kocian, M., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M., McEnery, J., Meurer, C., Michelson, P., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A., Monte, C., Monzani, M., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P., Norris, J., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J., Paneque, D., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A., Romani, R., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Saz Parkinson, P., Scargle, J., Schalk, T., Sgro, C., Siskind, E., Smith, D., Smith, P., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M., Suson, D., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J., Thompson, D., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, Omar, Torres, D., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A., Wang, P., Winer, B., Wood, K., Yamazaki, R., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M.
Format:	Journal Article
Published:	Institute of Physics Publishing 2009
Online Access:	http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-4357/706/1/L1/pdf/apjl_706_1_1.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/39587

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author	Abdo, A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. Bloom, E. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. Cameron, R. Caraveo, P. Casandjian, J. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. Dormody, M. Do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. Focke, W. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. Grondin, M. Grove, J. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. Jackson, M. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. Johnson, T. Johnson, W. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knödlseder, J. Kocian, M. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. McEnery, J. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. Norris, J. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rodriguez, A. Romani, R. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Saz Parkinson, P. Scargle, J. Schalk, T. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. Smith, D. Smith, P. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. Suson, D. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. Thayer, J. Thompson, D. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, Omar Torres, D. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. Wang, P. Winer, B. Wood, K. Yamazaki, R. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M.
author_facet	Abdo, A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. Bloom, E. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. Cameron, R. Caraveo, P. Casandjian, J. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. Dormody, M. Do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. Focke, W. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. Grondin, M. Grove, J. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. Jackson, M. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. Johnson, T. Johnson, W. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knödlseder, J. Kocian, M. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. McEnery, J. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. Norris, J. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rodriguez, A. Romani, R. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Saz Parkinson, P. Scargle, J. Schalk, T. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. Smith, D. Smith, P. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. Suson, D. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. Thayer, J. Thompson, D. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, Omar Torres, D. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. Wang, P. Winer, B. Wood, K. Yamazaki, R. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M.
author_sort	Abdo, A.
building	Curtin Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
description	The discovery of bright gamma-ray emission coincident with supernova remnant (SNR) W51C is reported using the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. W51C is a middle-aged remnant (~104 yr) with intense radio synchrotron emission in its shell and known to be interacting with a molecular cloud. The gamma-ray emission is spatially extended, broadly consistent with the radio and X-ray extent of SNR W51C. The energy spectrum in the 0.2-50 GeV band exhibits steepening toward high energies. The luminosity is greater than 1 × 1036 erg s-1 given the distance constraint of D > 5.5 kpc, which makes this object one of the most luminous gamma-ray sources in our Galaxy. The observed gamma-rays can be explained reasonably by a combination of efficient acceleration of nuclear cosmic rays at supernova shocks and shock-cloud interactions. The decay of neutral pi mesons produced in hadronic collisions provides a plausible explanation for the gamma-ray emission. The product of the average gas density and the total energy content of the accelerated protons amounts to \bar{n}_HW_p ~= 5× 10^{51} (D/6 kpc)^2 erg cm^{-3}. Electron density constraints from the radio and X-ray bands render it difficult to explain the LAT signal as due to inverse Compton scattering. The Fermi LAT source coincident with SNR W51C sheds new light on the origin of Galactic cosmic rays.
first_indexed	2025-11-14T08:59:22Z
format	Journal Article
id	curtin-20.500.11937-39587
institution	Curtin University Malaysia
institution_category	Local University
last_indexed	2025-11-14T08:59:22Z
publishDate	2009
publisher	Institute of Physics Publishing
recordtype	eprints
repository_type	Digital Repository
spelling	curtin-20.500.11937-395872017-02-28T01:41:48Z Fermi LAT Discovery of Extended Gamma-Ray Emission in the Direction of Supernova Remnant W51C Abdo, A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. Bloom, E. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. Cameron, R. Caraveo, P. Casandjian, J. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. Dormody, M. Do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. Focke, W. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. Grondin, M. Grove, J. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. Jackson, M. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. Johnson, T. Johnson, W. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knödlseder, J. Kocian, M. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. McEnery, J. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. Norris, J. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rodriguez, A. Romani, R. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Saz Parkinson, P. Scargle, J. Schalk, T. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. Smith, D. Smith, P. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. Suson, D. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. Thayer, J. Thompson, D. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, Omar Torres, D. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. Wang, P. Winer, B. Wood, K. Yamazaki, R. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. The discovery of bright gamma-ray emission coincident with supernova remnant (SNR) W51C is reported using the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. W51C is a middle-aged remnant (~104 yr) with intense radio synchrotron emission in its shell and known to be interacting with a molecular cloud. The gamma-ray emission is spatially extended, broadly consistent with the radio and X-ray extent of SNR W51C. The energy spectrum in the 0.2-50 GeV band exhibits steepening toward high energies. The luminosity is greater than 1 × 1036 erg s-1 given the distance constraint of D > 5.5 kpc, which makes this object one of the most luminous gamma-ray sources in our Galaxy. The observed gamma-rays can be explained reasonably by a combination of efficient acceleration of nuclear cosmic rays at supernova shocks and shock-cloud interactions. The decay of neutral pi mesons produced in hadronic collisions provides a plausible explanation for the gamma-ray emission. The product of the average gas density and the total energy content of the accelerated protons amounts to \bar{n}_HW_p ~= 5× 10^{51} (D/6 kpc)^2 erg cm^{-3}. Electron density constraints from the radio and X-ray bands render it difficult to explain the LAT signal as due to inverse Compton scattering. The Fermi LAT source coincident with SNR W51C sheds new light on the origin of Galactic cosmic rays. 2009 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/39587 http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-4357/706/1/L1/pdf/apjl_706_1_1.pdf Institute of Physics Publishing restricted
spellingShingle	Abdo, A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. Bloom, E. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. Bouvier, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. Cameron, R. Caraveo, P. Casandjian, J. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. Dormody, M. Do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Farnier, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. Focke, W. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. Grondin, M. Grove, J. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. Jackson, M. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. Johnson, T. Johnson, W. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knödlseder, J. Kocian, M. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. Lubrano, P. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. McEnery, J. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. Monte, C. Monzani, M. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. Norris, J. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Okumura, A. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Rodriguez, A. Romani, R. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Saz Parkinson, P. Scargle, J. Schalk, T. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. Smith, D. Smith, P. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Strickman, M. Suson, D. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. Thayer, J. Thompson, D. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, Omar Torres, D. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. Wang, P. Winer, B. Wood, K. Yamazaki, R. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. Fermi LAT Discovery of Extended Gamma-Ray Emission in the Direction of Supernova Remnant W51C
title	Fermi LAT Discovery of Extended Gamma-Ray Emission in the Direction of Supernova Remnant W51C
title_full	Fermi LAT Discovery of Extended Gamma-Ray Emission in the Direction of Supernova Remnant W51C
title_fullStr	Fermi LAT Discovery of Extended Gamma-Ray Emission in the Direction of Supernova Remnant W51C
title_full_unstemmed	Fermi LAT Discovery of Extended Gamma-Ray Emission in the Direction of Supernova Remnant W51C
title_short	Fermi LAT Discovery of Extended Gamma-Ray Emission in the Direction of Supernova Remnant W51C
title_sort	fermi lat discovery of extended gamma-ray emission in the direction of supernova remnant w51c
url	http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-4357/706/1/L1/pdf/apjl_706_1_1.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/39587

Fermi LAT Discovery of Extended Gamma-Ray Emission in the Direction of Supernova Remnant W51C

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