| Summary: | Purpose: Although there is convincing evidence that physical activity reduces colon cancer risk, research in this area has focused on aerobic activity. We conducted a case– control study to investigate whether resistance training was associated with the risk of colon and rectal cancers. Methods Data were collected on various colorectal cancer risk factors, including recreational physical activity performed during three age periods, from 870 cases and 996 controls in Western Australia in 2005–2007. Participants were classified as having never, possibly, or definitely performed resistance training in each age period and over the adult lifetime. The association between resistance training and colon and rectal cancer risk was analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. Results Participants who definitely performed resistance training in their lifetime had a non-significant reduced risk of colon cancer compared with those who did no resistance training (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.70, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.45–1.11). No association was found for rectal cancer risk (AOR = 1.16, 95 % CI = 0.71–1.87). Performing resistance training was associated with a lower risk of colon cancer in each age period, although none of the relationships were statistically significant.
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