Reliability of radiologic measures of hip displacement in a cohort of preschool-aged children with cerebral palsy

BACKGROUND:: Radiologic hip surveillance is recommended for children with cerebral palsy (CP) at risk of hip displacement. Young children with abnormal proximal femoral geometry (Hilgenreiner epiphyseal angle, HEA) may be more likely to develop hip displacement, less likely to respond to nonsurgical...

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Main Authors: Craven, A., Pym, A., Boyd, Roslyn
Format: Journal Article
Published: 2014
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/38516
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author Craven, A.
Pym, A.
Boyd, Roslyn
author_facet Craven, A.
Pym, A.
Boyd, Roslyn
author_sort Craven, A.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description BACKGROUND:: Radiologic hip surveillance is recommended for children with cerebral palsy (CP) at risk of hip displacement. Young children with abnormal proximal femoral geometry (Hilgenreiner epiphyseal angle, HEA) may be more likely to develop hip displacement, less likely to respond to nonsurgical intervention, and may benefit from earlier surgical referral. The reliability of radiographic measures of migration percentage (MP) in the immature pelvis of young children has been reported in smaller retrospective studies; HEA has not been examined in this population. This prospective study describes the reliability of MP and HEA in very young children with CP. METHODS:: Participants were entered from tertiary referral center CP clinics into a prospectively recruited population-based cohort for hip surveillance with pelvic radiography using standardized patient position, at 18, 24, 30, 36, and 48 months. All Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels were included. Two independent raters assessed radiographs for HEA and MP. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was computed as a measure of interrater and intrarater reliability. The correlation coefficient between HEA and femoral position was computed. RESULTS:: Ninety-eight children less than 25 months (spasticity=83, 85%; GMFCS IV-V=38, 39%), and 114 children 25 to 48 months (spasticity=96, 85%; GMFCS IV-V=37, 32%) were included from 133 unique participants (spasticity=111, 84%; GMFCS IV-V=42, 32%). Of these 79 children were studied in both age groups. Overall interrater and intrarater reliability of MP was high [ICC=0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91-0.95]; SEM was 3.9% (single) and 5.5% (sequential). Perfect concordance for classification of marked hip displacement (MP>30%) occurred in 217 cases (95.2%); nonweighted ?=0.80; 95% CI, 0.68-0.91. For HEA, overall reliability was high (ICC=0.89; 95% CI, 0.85-0.93); SEM=4.8% (single) and 6.7% (sequential). Correlation between changes in HEA and femoral abduction was poor (coefficient=-0.27, P=0.244). CONCLUSIONS:: MP and HEA can be reliably applied to very young children with CP, with high reliability for both measures. Measured HEA values appear to be independent of patient position, and may reflect genuine changes in proximal femoral geometry. A longitudinal study should be performed to determine the relationship between HEA and later hip outcomes. Copyright © 2014 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-385162017-09-13T14:18:22Z Reliability of radiologic measures of hip displacement in a cohort of preschool-aged children with cerebral palsy Craven, A. Pym, A. Boyd, Roslyn BACKGROUND:: Radiologic hip surveillance is recommended for children with cerebral palsy (CP) at risk of hip displacement. Young children with abnormal proximal femoral geometry (Hilgenreiner epiphyseal angle, HEA) may be more likely to develop hip displacement, less likely to respond to nonsurgical intervention, and may benefit from earlier surgical referral. The reliability of radiographic measures of migration percentage (MP) in the immature pelvis of young children has been reported in smaller retrospective studies; HEA has not been examined in this population. This prospective study describes the reliability of MP and HEA in very young children with CP. METHODS:: Participants were entered from tertiary referral center CP clinics into a prospectively recruited population-based cohort for hip surveillance with pelvic radiography using standardized patient position, at 18, 24, 30, 36, and 48 months. All Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels were included. Two independent raters assessed radiographs for HEA and MP. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was computed as a measure of interrater and intrarater reliability. The correlation coefficient between HEA and femoral position was computed. RESULTS:: Ninety-eight children less than 25 months (spasticity=83, 85%; GMFCS IV-V=38, 39%), and 114 children 25 to 48 months (spasticity=96, 85%; GMFCS IV-V=37, 32%) were included from 133 unique participants (spasticity=111, 84%; GMFCS IV-V=42, 32%). Of these 79 children were studied in both age groups. Overall interrater and intrarater reliability of MP was high [ICC=0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91-0.95]; SEM was 3.9% (single) and 5.5% (sequential). Perfect concordance for classification of marked hip displacement (MP>30%) occurred in 217 cases (95.2%); nonweighted ?=0.80; 95% CI, 0.68-0.91. For HEA, overall reliability was high (ICC=0.89; 95% CI, 0.85-0.93); SEM=4.8% (single) and 6.7% (sequential). Correlation between changes in HEA and femoral abduction was poor (coefficient=-0.27, P=0.244). CONCLUSIONS:: MP and HEA can be reliably applied to very young children with CP, with high reliability for both measures. Measured HEA values appear to be independent of patient position, and may reflect genuine changes in proximal femoral geometry. A longitudinal study should be performed to determine the relationship between HEA and later hip outcomes. Copyright © 2014 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2014 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/38516 10.1097/BPO.0000000000000227 restricted
spellingShingle Craven, A.
Pym, A.
Boyd, Roslyn
Reliability of radiologic measures of hip displacement in a cohort of preschool-aged children with cerebral palsy
title Reliability of radiologic measures of hip displacement in a cohort of preschool-aged children with cerebral palsy
title_full Reliability of radiologic measures of hip displacement in a cohort of preschool-aged children with cerebral palsy
title_fullStr Reliability of radiologic measures of hip displacement in a cohort of preschool-aged children with cerebral palsy
title_full_unstemmed Reliability of radiologic measures of hip displacement in a cohort of preschool-aged children with cerebral palsy
title_short Reliability of radiologic measures of hip displacement in a cohort of preschool-aged children with cerebral palsy
title_sort reliability of radiologic measures of hip displacement in a cohort of preschool-aged children with cerebral palsy
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/38516