Review and principles of PPP-RTK methods
PPP-RTK is integer ambiguity resolution-enabled precise point positioning. In this contribution, we present the principles of PPP-RTK, together with a review of different mechanizations that have been proposed in the literature. By application of S-system theory, the estimable parameters of the diff...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Published: |
Springer Verlag
2015
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/37094 |
| _version_ | 1848754952591114240 |
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| author | Teunissen, Peter Khodabandeh, Amir |
| author_facet | Teunissen, Peter Khodabandeh, Amir |
| author_sort | Teunissen, Peter |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | PPP-RTK is integer ambiguity resolution-enabled precise point positioning. In this contribution, we present the principles of PPP-RTK, together with a review of different mechanizations that have been proposed in the literature. By application of S-system theory, the estimable parameters of the different methods are identified and compared. Their interpretation is essential for gaining a proper insight into PPP-RTK in general, and into the role of the PPP-RTK corrections in particular. We show that PPP-RTK is a relative technique for which the ‘single-receiver user’ integer ambiguities are in fact double-differenced ambiguities. We determine the transformational links between the different methods and their PPP-RTK corrections, thereby showing how different PPP-RTK methods can be mixed between network and users. We also present and discuss four different estimators of the PPP-RTK corrections. It is shown how they apply to the different PPP-RTK models, as well as why some of the proposed estimation methods cannot be accepted as PPP-RTK proper. We determine analytical expressions for the variance matrices of the ambiguity-fixed and ambiguity-float PPP-RTK corrections. This gives important insight into their precision, as well as allows us to discuss which parts of the PPP-RTK correction variance matrix are essential for the user and which are not. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T08:48:35Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-37094 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T08:48:35Z |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publisher | Springer Verlag |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-370942019-02-19T05:35:05Z Review and principles of PPP-RTK methods Teunissen, Peter Khodabandeh, Amir PPP-RTK is integer ambiguity resolution-enabled precise point positioning. In this contribution, we present the principles of PPP-RTK, together with a review of different mechanizations that have been proposed in the literature. By application of S-system theory, the estimable parameters of the different methods are identified and compared. Their interpretation is essential for gaining a proper insight into PPP-RTK in general, and into the role of the PPP-RTK corrections in particular. We show that PPP-RTK is a relative technique for which the ‘single-receiver user’ integer ambiguities are in fact double-differenced ambiguities. We determine the transformational links between the different methods and their PPP-RTK corrections, thereby showing how different PPP-RTK methods can be mixed between network and users. We also present and discuss four different estimators of the PPP-RTK corrections. It is shown how they apply to the different PPP-RTK models, as well as why some of the proposed estimation methods cannot be accepted as PPP-RTK proper. We determine analytical expressions for the variance matrices of the ambiguity-fixed and ambiguity-float PPP-RTK corrections. This gives important insight into their precision, as well as allows us to discuss which parts of the PPP-RTK correction variance matrix are essential for the user and which are not. 2015 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/37094 10.1007/s00190-014-0771-3 Springer Verlag fulltext |
| spellingShingle | Teunissen, Peter Khodabandeh, Amir Review and principles of PPP-RTK methods |
| title | Review and principles of PPP-RTK methods |
| title_full | Review and principles of PPP-RTK methods |
| title_fullStr | Review and principles of PPP-RTK methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review and principles of PPP-RTK methods |
| title_short | Review and principles of PPP-RTK methods |
| title_sort | review and principles of ppp-rtk methods |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/37094 |