Emission-rotation correlation in pulsars: New discoveries with optimal techniques

Pulsars are known to display short-term variability. Recently, examples of longer term emission variability have emerged that are often correlated with changes in the rotational properties of the pulsar. To further illuminate this relationship, we have developed techniques to identify emission and r...

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Main Authors: Brook, P., Karastergiou, A., Johnston, S., Kerr, M., Shannon, Ryan, Roberts, S.
Format: Journal Article
Published: Oxford University Press 2015
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/35721
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author Brook, P.
Karastergiou, A.
Johnston, S.
Kerr, M.
Shannon, Ryan
Roberts, S.
author_facet Brook, P.
Karastergiou, A.
Johnston, S.
Kerr, M.
Shannon, Ryan
Roberts, S.
author_sort Brook, P.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Pulsars are known to display short-term variability. Recently, examples of longer term emission variability have emerged that are often correlated with changes in the rotational properties of the pulsar. To further illuminate this relationship, we have developed techniques to identify emission and rotation variability in pulsar data, and determine correlations between the two. Individual observations may be too noisy to identify subtle changes in the pulse profile. We use Gaussian process (GP) regression to model noisy observations and produce a continuous map of pulse profile variability. Generally, multiple observing epochs are required to obtain the pulsar spin frequency derivative (ν˙). GP regression is, therefore, also used to obtain ν˙, under the hypothesis that pulsar timing noise is primarily caused by unmodelled changes in ν˙. Our techniques distinguish between two types of variability: changes in the total flux density versus changes in the pulse shape. We have applied these techniques to 168 pulsars observed by the Parkes radio telescope, and see that although variations in flux density are ubiquitous, substantial changes in the shape of the pulse profile are rare. We reproduce previously published results and present examples of profile shape changing in seven pulsars; in particular, a clear new example of correlated changes in profile shape and rotation is found in PSR J1602−5100. In the shape changing pulsars, a more complex picture than the previously proposed two state model emerges. We conclude that our simple assumption that all timing noise can be interpreted as ν˙ variability is insufficient to explain our data set.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-357212018-03-29T09:09:00Z Emission-rotation correlation in pulsars: New discoveries with optimal techniques Brook, P. Karastergiou, A. Johnston, S. Kerr, M. Shannon, Ryan Roberts, S. Pulsars are known to display short-term variability. Recently, examples of longer term emission variability have emerged that are often correlated with changes in the rotational properties of the pulsar. To further illuminate this relationship, we have developed techniques to identify emission and rotation variability in pulsar data, and determine correlations between the two. Individual observations may be too noisy to identify subtle changes in the pulse profile. We use Gaussian process (GP) regression to model noisy observations and produce a continuous map of pulse profile variability. Generally, multiple observing epochs are required to obtain the pulsar spin frequency derivative (ν˙). GP regression is, therefore, also used to obtain ν˙, under the hypothesis that pulsar timing noise is primarily caused by unmodelled changes in ν˙. Our techniques distinguish between two types of variability: changes in the total flux density versus changes in the pulse shape. We have applied these techniques to 168 pulsars observed by the Parkes radio telescope, and see that although variations in flux density are ubiquitous, substantial changes in the shape of the pulse profile are rare. We reproduce previously published results and present examples of profile shape changing in seven pulsars; in particular, a clear new example of correlated changes in profile shape and rotation is found in PSR J1602−5100. In the shape changing pulsars, a more complex picture than the previously proposed two state model emerges. We conclude that our simple assumption that all timing noise can be interpreted as ν˙ variability is insufficient to explain our data set. 2015 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/35721 10.1093/mnras/stv2715 Oxford University Press restricted
spellingShingle Brook, P.
Karastergiou, A.
Johnston, S.
Kerr, M.
Shannon, Ryan
Roberts, S.
Emission-rotation correlation in pulsars: New discoveries with optimal techniques
title Emission-rotation correlation in pulsars: New discoveries with optimal techniques
title_full Emission-rotation correlation in pulsars: New discoveries with optimal techniques
title_fullStr Emission-rotation correlation in pulsars: New discoveries with optimal techniques
title_full_unstemmed Emission-rotation correlation in pulsars: New discoveries with optimal techniques
title_short Emission-rotation correlation in pulsars: New discoveries with optimal techniques
title_sort emission-rotation correlation in pulsars: new discoveries with optimal techniques
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/35721