SN 2010ay is a luminous and broad-lined type Ic supernova within a low-metallicity host galaxy
We report on our serendipitous pre-discovery detection and follow-up observations of the broad-lined Type Ic supernova (SN Ic) 2010ay at z = 0.067 imaged by the Pan-STARRS1 3p survey just ~4 days after explosion. The supernova (SN) had a peak luminosity, MR –20.2 mag, significantly more luminous th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
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Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc.
2012
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/29694 |
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| author | Sanders, N. Soderberg, A. Valenti, S. Foley, R. Chornock, R. Chomiuk, L. Berger, E. Smartt, S. Hurley, K. Barthelmy, S. Levesque, E. Narayan, G. Botticella, M. Briggs, M. Connaughton, V. Terada, Y. Gehrels, N. Golenetskii, S. Mazets, E. Cline, T. von Kienlin, A. Boynton, W. Chambers, K. Grav, T. Heasely, J. Hodapp, K. Jedicke, R. Kaiser, N. Kirshner, R. Kudritzki, R. Luppino, G. Lupton, R. Magnier, E. Monet, D. Morgan, John Onaka, P. Price, P. Stubbs, C. Tonry, J. Wainscoat, R. Waterson, Mark |
| author_facet | Sanders, N. Soderberg, A. Valenti, S. Foley, R. Chornock, R. Chomiuk, L. Berger, E. Smartt, S. Hurley, K. Barthelmy, S. Levesque, E. Narayan, G. Botticella, M. Briggs, M. Connaughton, V. Terada, Y. Gehrels, N. Golenetskii, S. Mazets, E. Cline, T. von Kienlin, A. Boynton, W. Chambers, K. Grav, T. Heasely, J. Hodapp, K. Jedicke, R. Kaiser, N. Kirshner, R. Kudritzki, R. Luppino, G. Lupton, R. Magnier, E. Monet, D. Morgan, John Onaka, P. Price, P. Stubbs, C. Tonry, J. Wainscoat, R. Waterson, Mark |
| author_sort | Sanders, N. |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | We report on our serendipitous pre-discovery detection and follow-up observations of the broad-lined Type Ic supernova (SN Ic) 2010ay at z = 0.067 imaged by the Pan-STARRS1 3p survey just ~4 days after explosion. The supernova (SN) had a peak luminosity, MR –20.2 mag, significantly more luminous than known GRB-SNe and one of the most luminous SNe Ib/c ever discovered. The absorption velocity of SN 2010ay is v Si ≈ 19 × 103 km s–1 at ~40 days after explosion, 2-5 times higher than other broad-lined SNe and similar to the GRB-SN 2010bh at comparable epochs. Moreover, the velocity declines ~2 times slower than other SNe Ic-BL and GRB-SNe. Assuming that the optical emission is powered by radioactive decay, the peak magnitude implies the synthesis of an unusually large mass of 56Ni, M Ni = 0.9 M ☉. Applying scaling relations to the light curve, we estimate a total ejecta mass, M ej ≈ 4.7 M ☉, and total kinetic energy, EK ≈ 11 × 1051 erg. The ratio of M Ni to M ej is ~2 times as large for SN 2010ay as typical GRB-SNe and may suggest an additional energy reservoir. The metallicity (log (O/H)PP04 + 12 = 8.19) of the explosion site within the host galaxy places SN 2010ay in the low-metallicity regime populated by GRB-SNe, and ~0.5(0.2) dex lower than that typically measured for the host environments of normal (broad-lined) SNe Ic. We constrain any gamma-ray emission with E ≲ 6 × 1048 erg (25-150 keV), and our deep radio follow-up observations with the Expanded Very Large Array rule out relativistic ejecta with energy E ≳ 1048 erg. We therefore rule out the association of a relativistic outflow like those that accompanied SN 1998bw and traditional long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), but we place less-stringent constraints on a weak afterglow like that seen from XRF 060218. If this SN did not harbor a GRB, these observations challenge the importance of progenitor metallicity for the production of relativistic ejecta and suggest that other parameters also play a key role. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T08:15:32Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-29694 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T08:15:32Z |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publisher | Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc. |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-296942023-02-22T06:24:24Z SN 2010ay is a luminous and broad-lined type Ic supernova within a low-metallicity host galaxy Sanders, N. Soderberg, A. Valenti, S. Foley, R. Chornock, R. Chomiuk, L. Berger, E. Smartt, S. Hurley, K. Barthelmy, S. Levesque, E. Narayan, G. Botticella, M. Briggs, M. Connaughton, V. Terada, Y. Gehrels, N. Golenetskii, S. Mazets, E. Cline, T. von Kienlin, A. Boynton, W. Chambers, K. Grav, T. Heasely, J. Hodapp, K. Jedicke, R. Kaiser, N. Kirshner, R. Kudritzki, R. Luppino, G. Lupton, R. Magnier, E. Monet, D. Morgan, John Onaka, P. Price, P. Stubbs, C. Tonry, J. Wainscoat, R. Waterson, Mark supernovae gamma-ray burst individual (2010ay) general We report on our serendipitous pre-discovery detection and follow-up observations of the broad-lined Type Ic supernova (SN Ic) 2010ay at z = 0.067 imaged by the Pan-STARRS1 3p survey just ~4 days after explosion. The supernova (SN) had a peak luminosity, MR –20.2 mag, significantly more luminous than known GRB-SNe and one of the most luminous SNe Ib/c ever discovered. The absorption velocity of SN 2010ay is v Si ≈ 19 × 103 km s–1 at ~40 days after explosion, 2-5 times higher than other broad-lined SNe and similar to the GRB-SN 2010bh at comparable epochs. Moreover, the velocity declines ~2 times slower than other SNe Ic-BL and GRB-SNe. Assuming that the optical emission is powered by radioactive decay, the peak magnitude implies the synthesis of an unusually large mass of 56Ni, M Ni = 0.9 M ☉. Applying scaling relations to the light curve, we estimate a total ejecta mass, M ej ≈ 4.7 M ☉, and total kinetic energy, EK ≈ 11 × 1051 erg. The ratio of M Ni to M ej is ~2 times as large for SN 2010ay as typical GRB-SNe and may suggest an additional energy reservoir. The metallicity (log (O/H)PP04 + 12 = 8.19) of the explosion site within the host galaxy places SN 2010ay in the low-metallicity regime populated by GRB-SNe, and ~0.5(0.2) dex lower than that typically measured for the host environments of normal (broad-lined) SNe Ic. We constrain any gamma-ray emission with E ≲ 6 × 1048 erg (25-150 keV), and our deep radio follow-up observations with the Expanded Very Large Array rule out relativistic ejecta with energy E ≳ 1048 erg. We therefore rule out the association of a relativistic outflow like those that accompanied SN 1998bw and traditional long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), but we place less-stringent constraints on a weak afterglow like that seen from XRF 060218. If this SN did not harbor a GRB, these observations challenge the importance of progenitor metallicity for the production of relativistic ejecta and suggest that other parameters also play a key role. 2012 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/29694 10.1088/0004-637X/756/2/184 Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc. unknown |
| spellingShingle | supernovae gamma-ray burst individual (2010ay) general Sanders, N. Soderberg, A. Valenti, S. Foley, R. Chornock, R. Chomiuk, L. Berger, E. Smartt, S. Hurley, K. Barthelmy, S. Levesque, E. Narayan, G. Botticella, M. Briggs, M. Connaughton, V. Terada, Y. Gehrels, N. Golenetskii, S. Mazets, E. Cline, T. von Kienlin, A. Boynton, W. Chambers, K. Grav, T. Heasely, J. Hodapp, K. Jedicke, R. Kaiser, N. Kirshner, R. Kudritzki, R. Luppino, G. Lupton, R. Magnier, E. Monet, D. Morgan, John Onaka, P. Price, P. Stubbs, C. Tonry, J. Wainscoat, R. Waterson, Mark SN 2010ay is a luminous and broad-lined type Ic supernova within a low-metallicity host galaxy |
| title | SN 2010ay is a luminous and broad-lined type Ic supernova within a low-metallicity host galaxy |
| title_full | SN 2010ay is a luminous and broad-lined type Ic supernova within a low-metallicity host galaxy |
| title_fullStr | SN 2010ay is a luminous and broad-lined type Ic supernova within a low-metallicity host galaxy |
| title_full_unstemmed | SN 2010ay is a luminous and broad-lined type Ic supernova within a low-metallicity host galaxy |
| title_short | SN 2010ay is a luminous and broad-lined type Ic supernova within a low-metallicity host galaxy |
| title_sort | sn 2010ay is a luminous and broad-lined type ic supernova within a low-metallicity host galaxy |
| topic | supernovae gamma-ray burst individual (2010ay) general |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/29694 |