Synergy Between Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Risk Factors, and Inflammation in Adolescents

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between inflammatory markers and components of a metabolic syndrome cluster in adolescents. This was a cross-sectional analysis of an Australian childhood cohort (n = 1,377) aged 14 years. Cluster analysis defined a "high-risk" gro...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Huang, R., Mori, T., Burke, V., Newnham, J., Stanley, F., Landau, L., Kendall, Garth, Oddy, Wendy, Beilin, L.
Format: Journal Article
Published: American Diabetes Association 2009
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/28612
_version_ 1848752583770898432
author Huang, R.
Mori, T.
Burke, V.
Newnham, J.
Stanley, F.
Landau, L.
Kendall, Garth
Oddy, Wendy
Beilin, L.
author_facet Huang, R.
Mori, T.
Burke, V.
Newnham, J.
Stanley, F.
Landau, L.
Kendall, Garth
Oddy, Wendy
Beilin, L.
author_sort Huang, R.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between inflammatory markers and components of a metabolic syndrome cluster in adolescents. This was a cross-sectional analysis of an Australian childhood cohort (n = 1,377) aged 14 years. Cluster analysis defined a "high-risk" group similar to adults with metabolic syndrome. Relevant measures were anthropometry, fasting insulin, glucose, lipids, inflammatory markers, liver function, and blood pressure. Of the children, 29% fell into a high-risk metabolic cluster group compared with 2% by a pediatric metabolic syndrome definition. Relative to the "low-risk" cluster, they had higher BMI (95% CI 19.5-19.8 vs. 24.5-25.4), waist circumference (centimeters) (95% CI 71.0-71.8 vs. 83.4-85.8), insulin (units per liter) (95% CI 1.7-1.8 vs. 3.5-3.9), homeostasis model assessment (95% CI 1.7-1.8 vs. 3.5-3.9), systolic blood pressure (millimeters of mercury) (95% CI 110.8-112.1 vs. 116.7-118.9), and triglycerides (millimoles per liter) (95% CI 0.78-0.80 vs. 1.25-1.35) and lower HDL cholesterol (millimoles per liter) (95% CI 1.44-1.48 vs. 1.20-1.26). Inflammatory and liver function markers were higher in the high-risk group: C-reactive protein (CRP) (P < 0.001), uric acid (P < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P < 0.001), and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (P < 0.001). The highest CRP, GGT, and ALT levels were restricted to overweight children in the high-risk group. Cluster analysis revealed a strikingly high proportion of 14 year olds at risk of cardiovascular disease-related metabolic disorders. Adiposity and the metabolic syndrome cluster are synergistic in the pathogenesis of inflammation. Systemic and liver inflammation in the high-risk cluster is likely to predict diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T08:10:56Z
format Journal Article
id curtin-20.500.11937-28612
institution Curtin University Malaysia
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-14T08:10:56Z
publishDate 2009
publisher American Diabetes Association
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling curtin-20.500.11937-286122017-09-13T15:52:51Z Synergy Between Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Risk Factors, and Inflammation in Adolescents Huang, R. Mori, T. Burke, V. Newnham, J. Stanley, F. Landau, L. Kendall, Garth Oddy, Wendy Beilin, L. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between inflammatory markers and components of a metabolic syndrome cluster in adolescents. This was a cross-sectional analysis of an Australian childhood cohort (n = 1,377) aged 14 years. Cluster analysis defined a "high-risk" group similar to adults with metabolic syndrome. Relevant measures were anthropometry, fasting insulin, glucose, lipids, inflammatory markers, liver function, and blood pressure. Of the children, 29% fell into a high-risk metabolic cluster group compared with 2% by a pediatric metabolic syndrome definition. Relative to the "low-risk" cluster, they had higher BMI (95% CI 19.5-19.8 vs. 24.5-25.4), waist circumference (centimeters) (95% CI 71.0-71.8 vs. 83.4-85.8), insulin (units per liter) (95% CI 1.7-1.8 vs. 3.5-3.9), homeostasis model assessment (95% CI 1.7-1.8 vs. 3.5-3.9), systolic blood pressure (millimeters of mercury) (95% CI 110.8-112.1 vs. 116.7-118.9), and triglycerides (millimoles per liter) (95% CI 0.78-0.80 vs. 1.25-1.35) and lower HDL cholesterol (millimoles per liter) (95% CI 1.44-1.48 vs. 1.20-1.26). Inflammatory and liver function markers were higher in the high-risk group: C-reactive protein (CRP) (P < 0.001), uric acid (P < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P < 0.001), and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (P < 0.001). The highest CRP, GGT, and ALT levels were restricted to overweight children in the high-risk group. Cluster analysis revealed a strikingly high proportion of 14 year olds at risk of cardiovascular disease-related metabolic disorders. Adiposity and the metabolic syndrome cluster are synergistic in the pathogenesis of inflammation. Systemic and liver inflammation in the high-risk cluster is likely to predict diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 2009 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/28612 10.2337/dc08-1917 American Diabetes Association unknown
spellingShingle Huang, R.
Mori, T.
Burke, V.
Newnham, J.
Stanley, F.
Landau, L.
Kendall, Garth
Oddy, Wendy
Beilin, L.
Synergy Between Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Risk Factors, and Inflammation in Adolescents
title Synergy Between Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Risk Factors, and Inflammation in Adolescents
title_full Synergy Between Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Risk Factors, and Inflammation in Adolescents
title_fullStr Synergy Between Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Risk Factors, and Inflammation in Adolescents
title_full_unstemmed Synergy Between Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Risk Factors, and Inflammation in Adolescents
title_short Synergy Between Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Risk Factors, and Inflammation in Adolescents
title_sort synergy between adiposity, insulin resistance, metabolic risk factors, and inflammation in adolescents
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/28612