A mechanism study of synthesis of Li4Ti5O 12 from TiO2 anatase
The formation mechanism of a spinel-type lithium titanate Li 4Ti5O12 with TiO2 anatase as raw material, in both a conventional solid-state reaction (SSR) and a cellulose-assisted glycine-nitrate combustion (cellulose-GN) process are comparatively studied. XRD characterization demonstrates high-purit...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
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Elsevier B.V.
2010
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/23530 |
| _version_ | 1848751176674181120 |
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| author | Yuan, T. Cai, R. Ran, R. Zhou, Y. Shao, Zongping |
| author_facet | Yuan, T. Cai, R. Ran, R. Zhou, Y. Shao, Zongping |
| author_sort | Yuan, T. |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | The formation mechanism of a spinel-type lithium titanate Li 4Ti5O12 with TiO2 anatase as raw material, in both a conventional solid-state reaction (SSR) and a cellulose-assisted glycine-nitrate combustion (cellulose-GN) process are comparatively studied. XRD characterization demonstrates high-purity Li 4Ti5O12 forms at 750 °C by the cellulose-GN synthesis, which occurs at a temperature at least 100 °C lower than that via SSR. The solid-phase reaction between TiO2 and lithium compounds to form Li-Ti-O spinel and the phase transition of TiO2 from anatase to "inert" rutile phase occur competitively during both synthesis processes. SEM results suggest that the solid precursor from the cellulose-GN process has a smaller particle size and a more homogenous mixing of the reactants than that in the SSR. Temperature-programmed oxidation experiments demonstrate that cellulose thermal pyrolysis creates a reducing atmosphere, which may facilitate the oxygen-ion diffusion. Both factors facilitate the formation of Li-Ti-O spinel, while the TiO2 anatase transforms to TiO2 rutile during the SSR, which has slow lithium-insertion kinetics. As a result, a high calcination temperature is necessary to obtain a phase-pure Li4Ti5O12. Charge-discharge and EIS tests demonstrate the Li4Ti5O12 obtained by the cellulose-GN process shows much better low-temperature electrochemical performance than that obtained by standard SSR. This improvement attributes to the reduced particle size due to the lower synthesis temperature. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T07:48:34Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-23530 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T07:48:34Z |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publisher | Elsevier B.V. |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-235302017-09-13T14:00:17Z A mechanism study of synthesis of Li4Ti5O 12 from TiO2 anatase Yuan, T. Cai, R. Ran, R. Zhou, Y. Shao, Zongping The formation mechanism of a spinel-type lithium titanate Li 4Ti5O12 with TiO2 anatase as raw material, in both a conventional solid-state reaction (SSR) and a cellulose-assisted glycine-nitrate combustion (cellulose-GN) process are comparatively studied. XRD characterization demonstrates high-purity Li 4Ti5O12 forms at 750 °C by the cellulose-GN synthesis, which occurs at a temperature at least 100 °C lower than that via SSR. The solid-phase reaction between TiO2 and lithium compounds to form Li-Ti-O spinel and the phase transition of TiO2 from anatase to "inert" rutile phase occur competitively during both synthesis processes. SEM results suggest that the solid precursor from the cellulose-GN process has a smaller particle size and a more homogenous mixing of the reactants than that in the SSR. Temperature-programmed oxidation experiments demonstrate that cellulose thermal pyrolysis creates a reducing atmosphere, which may facilitate the oxygen-ion diffusion. Both factors facilitate the formation of Li-Ti-O spinel, while the TiO2 anatase transforms to TiO2 rutile during the SSR, which has slow lithium-insertion kinetics. As a result, a high calcination temperature is necessary to obtain a phase-pure Li4Ti5O12. Charge-discharge and EIS tests demonstrate the Li4Ti5O12 obtained by the cellulose-GN process shows much better low-temperature electrochemical performance than that obtained by standard SSR. This improvement attributes to the reduced particle size due to the lower synthesis temperature. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 2010 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/23530 10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.04.253 Elsevier B.V. restricted |
| spellingShingle | Yuan, T. Cai, R. Ran, R. Zhou, Y. Shao, Zongping A mechanism study of synthesis of Li4Ti5O 12 from TiO2 anatase |
| title | A mechanism study of synthesis of Li4Ti5O 12 from TiO2 anatase |
| title_full | A mechanism study of synthesis of Li4Ti5O 12 from TiO2 anatase |
| title_fullStr | A mechanism study of synthesis of Li4Ti5O 12 from TiO2 anatase |
| title_full_unstemmed | A mechanism study of synthesis of Li4Ti5O 12 from TiO2 anatase |
| title_short | A mechanism study of synthesis of Li4Ti5O 12 from TiO2 anatase |
| title_sort | mechanism study of synthesis of li4ti5o 12 from tio2 anatase |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/23530 |