Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT

Recent observations of supernova remnants (SNRs) hint that they accelerate cosmic rays to energies close to ~1015 electron volts. However, the nature of the particles that produce the emission remains ambiguous. We report observations of SNR W44 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope at energies betwee...

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Main Authors:	Abdo, A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R., Bloom, E., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T., Buson, S., Caliandro, G., Cameron, R., Caraveo, P., Casandjian, J., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cognard, I., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S., Do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Espinoza, C., Farmer, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S., Focke, W., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I., Grondin, M., Grove, J., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R., Jackson, M., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A., Johnson, T., Johnson, W., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Katsuta, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knödlseder, J., Kocian, M., Kramer, M., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M., Lubrano, P., Lyne, A., Madejski, G., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M., McEnery, J., Meurer, C., Michelson, P., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monte, C., Monzani, M., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P., Noms, J., Noutsos, A., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J., Paneque, D., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Rodriguez, A., Romani, R., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Saz Parkinson, P., Scargle, J., Sgro, C., Siskind, E., Smith, D., Smith, P., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stappers, B., Stecker, F., Strikman, M., Suson, D., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J., Theureau, G., Thompson, D., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, Omar, Torres, D., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A., Wang, P., Winer, B., Wood, K., Yamazaki, R., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M.
Format:	Journal Article
Published:	The American Association for the Advancement of Science 2010
Online Access:	http://www.sciencemag.org/content/327/5969/1103.full.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/22713

_version_	1848750947095805952
author	Abdo, A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. Bloom, E. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. Cameron, R. Caraveo, P. Casandjian, J. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cognard, I. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. Do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Espinoza, C. Farmer, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. Focke, W. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. Grondin, M. Grove, J. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. Jackson, M. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. Johnson, T. Johnson, W. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knödlseder, J. Kocian, M. Kramer, M. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. Lubrano, P. Lyne, A. Madejski, G. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. McEnery, J. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. Noms, J. Noutsos, A. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Rodriguez, A. Romani, R. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Saz Parkinson, P. Scargle, J. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. Smith, D. Smith, P. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stappers, B. Stecker, F. Strikman, M. Suson, D. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. Thayer, J. Theureau, G. Thompson, D. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, Omar Torres, D. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. Wang, P. Winer, B. Wood, K. Yamazaki, R. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M.
author_facet	Abdo, A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. Bloom, E. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. Cameron, R. Caraveo, P. Casandjian, J. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cognard, I. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. Do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Espinoza, C. Farmer, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. Focke, W. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. Grondin, M. Grove, J. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. Jackson, M. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. Johnson, T. Johnson, W. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knödlseder, J. Kocian, M. Kramer, M. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. Lubrano, P. Lyne, A. Madejski, G. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. McEnery, J. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. Noms, J. Noutsos, A. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Rodriguez, A. Romani, R. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Saz Parkinson, P. Scargle, J. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. Smith, D. Smith, P. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stappers, B. Stecker, F. Strikman, M. Suson, D. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. Thayer, J. Theureau, G. Thompson, D. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, Omar Torres, D. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. Wang, P. Winer, B. Wood, K. Yamazaki, R. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M.
author_sort	Abdo, A.
building	Curtin Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
description	Recent observations of supernova remnants (SNRs) hint that they accelerate cosmic rays to energies close to ~1015 electron volts. However, the nature of the particles that produce the emission remains ambiguous. We report observations of SNR W44 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope at energies between 2 × 108 electron volts and 3 ×1011 electron volts. The detection of a source with a morphology corresponding to the SNR shell implies that the emission is produced by particles accelerated there. The gamma-ray spectrum is well modeled with emission from protons and nuclei. Its steepening above ~109 electron volts provides a probe with which to study how particle acceleration responds to environmental effects such as shock propagation in dense clouds and how accelerated particles are released into interstellar space.
first_indexed	2025-11-14T07:44:55Z
format	Journal Article
id	curtin-20.500.11937-22713
institution	Curtin University Malaysia
institution_category	Local University
last_indexed	2025-11-14T07:44:55Z
publishDate	2010
publisher	The American Association for the Advancement of Science
recordtype	eprints
repository_type	Digital Repository
spelling	curtin-20.500.11937-227132017-02-28T01:36:31Z Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT Abdo, A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. Bloom, E. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. Cameron, R. Caraveo, P. Casandjian, J. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cognard, I. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. Do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Espinoza, C. Farmer, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. Focke, W. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. Grondin, M. Grove, J. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. Jackson, M. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. Johnson, T. Johnson, W. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knödlseder, J. Kocian, M. Kramer, M. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. Lubrano, P. Lyne, A. Madejski, G. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. McEnery, J. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. Noms, J. Noutsos, A. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Rodriguez, A. Romani, R. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Saz Parkinson, P. Scargle, J. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. Smith, D. Smith, P. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stappers, B. Stecker, F. Strikman, M. Suson, D. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. Thayer, J. Theureau, G. Thompson, D. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, Omar Torres, D. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. Wang, P. Winer, B. Wood, K. Yamazaki, R. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. Recent observations of supernova remnants (SNRs) hint that they accelerate cosmic rays to energies close to ~1015 electron volts. However, the nature of the particles that produce the emission remains ambiguous. We report observations of SNR W44 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope at energies between 2 × 108 electron volts and 3 ×1011 electron volts. The detection of a source with a morphology corresponding to the SNR shell implies that the emission is produced by particles accelerated there. The gamma-ray spectrum is well modeled with emission from protons and nuclei. Its steepening above ~109 electron volts provides a probe with which to study how particle acceleration responds to environmental effects such as shock propagation in dense clouds and how accelerated particles are released into interstellar space. 2010 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/22713 http://www.sciencemag.org/content/327/5969/1103.full.pdf The American Association for the Advancement of Science restricted
spellingShingle	Abdo, A. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Baring, M. Bastieri, D. Baughman, B. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Berenji, B. Blandford, R. Bloom, E. Bonamente, E. Borgland, A. Bregeon, J. Brez, A. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Burnett, T. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. Cameron, R. Caraveo, P. Casandjian, J. Cecchi, C. Celik, O. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cognard, I. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. Dermer, C. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Digel, S. Do Couto e Silva, E. Drell, P. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Espinoza, C. Farmer, C. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. Focke, W. Fortin, P. Frailis, M. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. Grondin, M. Grove, J. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hughes, R. Jackson, M. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. Johnson, T. Johnson, W. Kamae, T. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Katsuta, J. Kawai, N. Kerr, M. Knödlseder, J. Kocian, M. Kramer, M. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. Lubrano, P. Lyne, A. Madejski, G. Makeev, A. Mazziotta, M. McEnery, J. Meurer, C. Michelson, P. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monte, C. Monzani, M. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nolan, P. Noms, J. Noutsos, A. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. Paneque, D. Parent, D. Pelassa, V. Pepe, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Piron, F. Porter, T. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Rodriguez, A. Romani, R. Roth, M. Ryde, F. Sadrozinski, H. Sanchez, D. Sander, A. Saz Parkinson, P. Scargle, J. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. Smith, D. Smith, P. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Stappers, B. Stecker, F. Strikman, M. Suson, D. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, T. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. Thayer, J. Theureau, G. Thompson, D. Tibaldo, L. Tibolla, Omar Torres, D. Tosti, G. Tramacere, A. Uchiyama, Y. Usher, T. Vasileiou, V. Venter, C. Vilchez, N. Vitale, V. Waite, A. Wang, P. Winer, B. Wood, K. Yamazaki, R. Ylinen, T. Ziegler, M. Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT
title	Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT
title_full	Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT
title_fullStr	Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT
title_full_unstemmed	Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT
title_short	Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT
title_sort	gamma-ray emission from the shell of supernova remnant w44 revealed by the fermi lat
url	http://www.sciencemag.org/content/327/5969/1103.full.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/22713

Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT

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