The role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: Analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000

Car dependence is in decline in most developed cities, but its cause is still unclear as cities struggle with priorities in urban form and transport infrastructure. This paper draws conclusions from analysis of data in 26 cities over the last 40 years of the 20th century. Statistical modelling techn...

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Main Authors: McIntosh, James, Trubka, Roman, Kenworthy, Jeffrey, Newman, Peter
Format: Journal Article
Published: Pergamon 2014
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/17321
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author McIntosh, James
Trubka, Roman
Kenworthy, Jeffrey
Newman, Peter
author_facet McIntosh, James
Trubka, Roman
Kenworthy, Jeffrey
Newman, Peter
author_sort McIntosh, James
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Car dependence is in decline in most developed cities, but its cause is still unclear as cities struggle with priorities in urban form and transport infrastructure. This paper draws conclusions from analysis of data in 26 cities over the last 40 years of the 20th century. Statistical modelling techniques are applied to urban transport and urban form data, while examining the influence of region, city archetype and individual fixed effects. Structural equation modelling is employed to address causation and understand the direct and indirect effects of selected parameters on per capita vehicle kilometres travelled (VKT). Findings suggest that, while location effects are important, transit service levels and urban density play a significant part in determining urban car use per capita, and causality does flow from these factors towards a city’s levels of private vehicle travel as well as the level of the provision of road capacity.
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spelling curtin-20.500.11937-173212017-09-13T15:44:34Z The role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: Analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000 McIntosh, James Trubka, Roman Kenworthy, Jeffrey Newman, Peter Car dependence is in decline in most developed cities, but its cause is still unclear as cities struggle with priorities in urban form and transport infrastructure. This paper draws conclusions from analysis of data in 26 cities over the last 40 years of the 20th century. Statistical modelling techniques are applied to urban transport and urban form data, while examining the influence of region, city archetype and individual fixed effects. Structural equation modelling is employed to address causation and understand the direct and indirect effects of selected parameters on per capita vehicle kilometres travelled (VKT). Findings suggest that, while location effects are important, transit service levels and urban density play a significant part in determining urban car use per capita, and causality does flow from these factors towards a city’s levels of private vehicle travel as well as the level of the provision of road capacity. 2014 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/17321 10.1016/j.trd.2014.08.013 Pergamon restricted
spellingShingle McIntosh, James
Trubka, Roman
Kenworthy, Jeffrey
Newman, Peter
The role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: Analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000
title The role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: Analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000
title_full The role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: Analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000
title_fullStr The role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: Analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000
title_full_unstemmed The role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: Analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000
title_short The role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: Analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000
title_sort role of urban form and transit in city car dependence: analysis of 26 global cities from 1960 to 2000
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/17321