Tropical herbivores provide resilience to a climate-mediated phase shift on temperate reefs

Climate-mediated changes to biotic interactions have the potential to fundamentally alter global ecosystems. However, the capacity for novel interactions to drive or maintain transitions in ecosystem states remains unresolved. We examined temperate reefs that recently underwent complete seaweed cano...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bennett, S., Wernberg, T., Harvey, Euan, Santana-Garcon, J., Saunders, Ben
Format: Journal Article
Published: Ecological Society of America 2015
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/11826
_version_ 1848747909439291392
author Bennett, S.
Wernberg, T.
Harvey, Euan
Santana-Garcon, J.
Saunders, Ben
author_facet Bennett, S.
Wernberg, T.
Harvey, Euan
Santana-Garcon, J.
Saunders, Ben
author_sort Bennett, S.
building Curtin Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
description Climate-mediated changes to biotic interactions have the potential to fundamentally alter global ecosystems. However, the capacity for novel interactions to drive or maintain transitions in ecosystem states remains unresolved. We examined temperate reefs that recently underwent complete seaweed canopy loss and tested whether a concurrent increase in tropical herbivores could be maintaining the current canopy-free state. Turf-grazing herbivorous fishes increased in biomass and diversity, and displayed feeding rates comparable to global coral reefs. Canopy-browsing herbivores displayed high (~ 10 000 g 100 m−2) and stable biomass between 2006 and 2013. Tropical browsers had the highest abundance in 2013 and displayed feeding rates approximately three times higher than previously observed on coral reefs. These observations suggest that tropical herbivores are maintaining previously kelp-dominated temperate reefs in an alternate canopy-free state by grazing turfs and preventing kelp reestablishment. This remarkable ecosystem highlights the sensitivity of biotic interactions and ecosystem stability to warming and extreme disturbance events.
first_indexed 2025-11-14T06:56:38Z
format Journal Article
id curtin-20.500.11937-11826
institution Curtin University Malaysia
institution_category Local University
last_indexed 2025-11-14T06:56:38Z
publishDate 2015
publisher Ecological Society of America
recordtype eprints
repository_type Digital Repository
spelling curtin-20.500.11937-118262017-09-13T14:53:17Z Tropical herbivores provide resilience to a climate-mediated phase shift on temperate reefs Bennett, S. Wernberg, T. Harvey, Euan Santana-Garcon, J. Saunders, Ben coral reef kelp Climate change fishes tropicalisation regime shift Climate-mediated changes to biotic interactions have the potential to fundamentally alter global ecosystems. However, the capacity for novel interactions to drive or maintain transitions in ecosystem states remains unresolved. We examined temperate reefs that recently underwent complete seaweed canopy loss and tested whether a concurrent increase in tropical herbivores could be maintaining the current canopy-free state. Turf-grazing herbivorous fishes increased in biomass and diversity, and displayed feeding rates comparable to global coral reefs. Canopy-browsing herbivores displayed high (~ 10 000 g 100 m−2) and stable biomass between 2006 and 2013. Tropical browsers had the highest abundance in 2013 and displayed feeding rates approximately three times higher than previously observed on coral reefs. These observations suggest that tropical herbivores are maintaining previously kelp-dominated temperate reefs in an alternate canopy-free state by grazing turfs and preventing kelp reestablishment. This remarkable ecosystem highlights the sensitivity of biotic interactions and ecosystem stability to warming and extreme disturbance events. 2015 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/11826 10.1111/ele.12450 Ecological Society of America restricted
spellingShingle coral reef
kelp
Climate change
fishes
tropicalisation
regime shift
Bennett, S.
Wernberg, T.
Harvey, Euan
Santana-Garcon, J.
Saunders, Ben
Tropical herbivores provide resilience to a climate-mediated phase shift on temperate reefs
title Tropical herbivores provide resilience to a climate-mediated phase shift on temperate reefs
title_full Tropical herbivores provide resilience to a climate-mediated phase shift on temperate reefs
title_fullStr Tropical herbivores provide resilience to a climate-mediated phase shift on temperate reefs
title_full_unstemmed Tropical herbivores provide resilience to a climate-mediated phase shift on temperate reefs
title_short Tropical herbivores provide resilience to a climate-mediated phase shift on temperate reefs
title_sort tropical herbivores provide resilience to a climate-mediated phase shift on temperate reefs
topic coral reef
kelp
Climate change
fishes
tropicalisation
regime shift
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/11826