Quantitative variation in effector activity of ToxA isoforms from Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis
ToxA is a proteinaceous necrotrophic effector produced by Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. In this study, all eight mature isoforms of the ToxA protein were purified and compared. Circular dichroism spectra indicated that all isoforms were structurally intact and had indistingu...
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| Format: | Journal Article |
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AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
2012
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/10700 |
| _version_ | 1848747605323939840 |
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| author | Tan, Kar-Chun Ferguson-Hunt, M. Rybak, K. Waters, O. Stanley, W. Bond, C. Stukenbrock, E. Friesen, T. Faris, J. McDonald, B. Oliver, Richard |
| author_facet | Tan, Kar-Chun Ferguson-Hunt, M. Rybak, K. Waters, O. Stanley, W. Bond, C. Stukenbrock, E. Friesen, T. Faris, J. McDonald, B. Oliver, Richard |
| author_sort | Tan, Kar-Chun |
| building | Curtin Institutional Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| description | ToxA is a proteinaceous necrotrophic effector produced by Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. In this study, all eight mature isoforms of the ToxA protein were purified and compared. Circular dichroism spectra indicated that all isoforms were structurally intact and had indistinguishable secondary structural features. ToxA isoforms were infiltrated into wheat lines that carry the sensitivity gene Tsn1. It was observed that different wheat lines carrying identical Tsn1 alleles varied in sensitivity to ToxA. All ToxA isoforms induced necrosis when introduced into any Tsn1 wheat line but we observed quantitative variation in effector activity, with the least-active version found in isolates of P. tritici-repentis. Pathogen sporulation increased with higher doses of ToxA. The isoforms that induced the most rapid necrosis also induced the most sporulation, indicating that pathogen fitness is affected by differences in ToxA activity. We show that differences in toxin activity encoded by a single gene can contribute to the quantitative inheritance of necrotrophic virulence. Our findings support the hypothesis that the variation at ToxA results from selection that favors increased toxin activity. |
| first_indexed | 2025-11-14T06:51:48Z |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | curtin-20.500.11937-10700 |
| institution | Curtin University Malaysia |
| institution_category | Local University |
| last_indexed | 2025-11-14T06:51:48Z |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| publisher | AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC |
| recordtype | eprints |
| repository_type | Digital Repository |
| spelling | curtin-20.500.11937-107002017-09-13T14:55:43Z Quantitative variation in effector activity of ToxA isoforms from Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Tan, Kar-Chun Ferguson-Hunt, M. Rybak, K. Waters, O. Stanley, W. Bond, C. Stukenbrock, E. Friesen, T. Faris, J. McDonald, B. Oliver, Richard ToxA is a proteinaceous necrotrophic effector produced by Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. In this study, all eight mature isoforms of the ToxA protein were purified and compared. Circular dichroism spectra indicated that all isoforms were structurally intact and had indistinguishable secondary structural features. ToxA isoforms were infiltrated into wheat lines that carry the sensitivity gene Tsn1. It was observed that different wheat lines carrying identical Tsn1 alleles varied in sensitivity to ToxA. All ToxA isoforms induced necrosis when introduced into any Tsn1 wheat line but we observed quantitative variation in effector activity, with the least-active version found in isolates of P. tritici-repentis. Pathogen sporulation increased with higher doses of ToxA. The isoforms that induced the most rapid necrosis also induced the most sporulation, indicating that pathogen fitness is affected by differences in ToxA activity. We show that differences in toxin activity encoded by a single gene can contribute to the quantitative inheritance of necrotrophic virulence. Our findings support the hypothesis that the variation at ToxA results from selection that favors increased toxin activity. 2012 Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/10700 10.1094/MPMI-10-11-0273 AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC restricted |
| spellingShingle | Tan, Kar-Chun Ferguson-Hunt, M. Rybak, K. Waters, O. Stanley, W. Bond, C. Stukenbrock, E. Friesen, T. Faris, J. McDonald, B. Oliver, Richard Quantitative variation in effector activity of ToxA isoforms from Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis |
| title | Quantitative variation in effector activity of ToxA isoforms from Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis |
| title_full | Quantitative variation in effector activity of ToxA isoforms from Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis |
| title_fullStr | Quantitative variation in effector activity of ToxA isoforms from Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative variation in effector activity of ToxA isoforms from Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis |
| title_short | Quantitative variation in effector activity of ToxA isoforms from Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis |
| title_sort | quantitative variation in effector activity of toxa isoforms from stagonospora nodorum and pyrenophora tritici-repentis |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/10700 |