Shariah Juristical Effect of Gharar in Predetermining Takaful Contribution
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| internalnotes | 1. Abi al-‘Abbas (1926), Misbah al-Munir, v. 2. Kaherah: al-Matba‘ah al-Amiriyyah, p. 608. 2. Muhammad Uthman Syabir (2001), al-Muamalat al-Maliyyah al-Mu’asarah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, Dar al-Nafa’is, p. 117-119. See also, al-Sarkhasi (n.d.), al-Mabsut, Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah, p. 194. See also, Syihab al-Din al-Qarafi (n.d.), al-Furuq, v. 3. Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah, p. 365. 3. Zinoviy Landsman, Michael Sherris, Risk measures and insurance premium principles, Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Volume 29, Issue 1, 20 August 2001, Pages 103-115, ISSN 0167-6687, 10.1016/S0167- 6687(01)00076-2. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167668701000762). See also, Shaun Wang, Insurance pricing and increased limits ratemaking by proportional hazards transforms, Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Volume 17, Issue 1, August 1995, Pages 43-54, ISSN 0167-6687, 10.1016/0167-6687(95)00010-P. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/016766879500010P) 4. Abi al-‘Abbas (1926), Misbah al-Munir, v. 2. Kaherah: al-Matba‘ah al-Amiriyyah, p. 608. 5. Ibn al-Athir (n.d.), al-Nihayah fi Gharib al-Hadith, v. 3. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 355. 6. al-Sarkhasi (n.d.), al-Mabsut, Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah., p. 194. 7. Syihab al-Din al-Qarafi (n.d.), al-Furuq, v. 3. Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah, p. 365. 8. Al-Darir (1997), Al-Gharar in Contracts andits Effects on Contemporary Transaction,IRTI, IDB,Eminent Scholars Lecture Series, No. 16. 9. Al-Saati, A. R. (2003),The Permissible Gharar (Risk) in Classical Islamic Jurisprudence, Islamic Economics, 16(2), 3-19. 10. Jess, C. Digby (1993), The Insurance of Commercial Risk: Law & Practices, London: Butterworth, p. 4. 11. Ibn Al-Arabi (1376 A.H.), Ahkam Al-Quran,v. 1, Dar I hyaa Al-Turath, p. 41-42. See also, Al-Zamakhshari, (1373 A.H.), Al-Kashshaf, Al-Istiqamayh Press, v. 1, p. 502. 12. Yazid al-Qazwini Ibn Majjah (n.d.), Sunan Ibn Majjah, Kitab al-Tijarat, Bab al-Nahyi ‘an Bay al-Hisah wa ‘an Bay al-Gharar, v. 2, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, hadith no. 2195. See also, al-Bayhaqi (n.d.), al-Sunan al-Kubra, v. 5. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 338. 13. Al-Alim, Yusuf Hamid, (1415 A.H.), Al-Maqasid Al-Ammahli’l Shari’ah Al-Islamiyyah, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, p. 415-520. See also, Al-Amidy (1332 A.H.), Al-Ihkam fi Usul Al-Ahkam, v. 2, Dar al-Maarif: Cairo, p. 257-272. 14. al-Shatibi,AbuIshaqIbrahim,(n.d.),Al-Muwafaqat,ed.,S.A.Diraz,Al-MaktabaAl-Tijaryyah al-Kubra, Cairo, p. 208. 15. al-Shatibi,AbuIshaqIbrahim,(n.d.),Al-Muwafaqat,ed.,S.A.Diraz,Al-MaktabaAl-Tijaryyah al-Kubra, Cairo, p. 208. 16. Al-Saati, A. R. (2003),The Permissible Gharar (Risk) in Classical Islamic Jurisprudence, Islamic Economics, 16(2), 3-19. 17. Al-Saati, A. R. (2003),The Permissible Gharar (Risk) in Classical Islamic Jurisprudence, Islamic Economics, 16(2), 3-19. 18. al-Shatibi,AbuIshaqIbrahim,(n.d.),Al-Muwafaqat,ed.,S.A.Diraz,Al-MaktabaAl-Tijaryyah al-Kubra, Cairo, p. 208. See also, Al-Saati, A. R. (2003),The Permissible Gharar (Risk) in Classical Islamic Jurisprudence, Islamic Economics, 16(2), 3-19. 19. Ibn Majah, Al-Imam Al-Hafiz M. Bin Yazid (1313 A.H.), Sunan Ibn Maja, Chapter on Tijarat and Sunan Al�Nasai, Kitab Al-bay, Al-Sanadi: Scientific Press. 20. Muhammad Uthman Syabir (2001), al-Muamalat al-Mal iyyah al-Muasarah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, T.T.P.: Dar al�Nafa’is, p. 117-119. 21. al-Siddiq (1990), al-Gharar wa Atharuhu fi al-Uqud fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, Beirut: Dar al-Jayl, p. 76 - 77. 22. Akhter, Waheed (2010), Risk Management in Takaful, Lahore: MPRA, p. 5. 23. Akhter, Waheed (2010), Risk Management in Takaful, Lahore: MPRA, p. 5. 24. Muhammad ‘Ali (1998), Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam, v. 1. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, p. 210. See also, Ibn Taymiyah (n.d.), Majmu‘ al-Fatawa, v. 28. Beirut: Dar al-‘Arabiyyah, p. 385. 25. al-Qurtubi (1965), al-Jami‘ al-Ahkam al-Quran, v. 3. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath, p. 53. 26. Nazih Hamad (1993), Mu‘jam al-Mustalahat al-Iqtisadiyyah fi Lughghah al-Fuqaha’, al-Wilayat al-Muttahidah: al�Ma‘had al-‘Ali, p. 226. 27. Muhammad Rawas Qalaji (1985), Mu‘jam Lughghah al-Fuqaha’, Beirut: Dar al-Nafa’is, p. 420. 28. Muhammad Uthman Syabir (2001), al-Muamalat al-Mal iyyah al-Muasarah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, T.T.P.: Dar al�Nafa’is, p. 120. 29. Wahbah al-Zuhayli (1996), Usul al-Fiqh al-Islami, v. 2. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 606. 30. Gharib al-Jamal (1975), al-Ta’min fi al-Syari‘ah al-Islamiyyah wa al-Qanun, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr , p. 13 - 15. See also, Muhammad Uthman Syabir (2001), al-Muamalat al-Mal iyyah al-Muasarah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, T.T.P.: Dar al-Nafa’is, p. 108 31. Muhammad Uthman Syabir (2001), al-Muamalat al-Mal iyyah al-Muasarah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, T.T.P.: Dar al�Nafa’is, p. 110. See also, Jamal al-Hakim (1965), ‘Uqud al-Ta’min min al-Nahiyyatain al-Ta’miniyyah wa al�Qanuniyyah, v. 1. Kaherah: Dar al-Ma‘rifah, p. 38. 32. ‘Abd al-Karim Zaydan (1987), al-Wajiz fi Usul al-Fiqh, Baghdad: T.P., p. 236. 33. al-Sayuti (1996), al-Asybah wa al-Naza’ir, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 83. 34. Yazid al-Qazwini Ibn Majjah (n.d.), Sunan Ibn Majjah, Kitab al-At’imah, Chapter Akl al-Jubn wa al-Samn, hadith no. 3367. 35. Muhammad ‘Ali (1998), Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam, v. 1. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, p. 166 - 167. 36. al-Syatibi (1969), al-Muwafaqat, v. 2. Kaherah: Muhammad ‘Ali Subayh, p. 8. 37. Wahbah al-Zuhayli (1996), Usul al-Fiqh al-Islami, v. 2. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 755. 38. Abi Bakr Bin al-‘Arabi al-Maliki (1934), Sahih al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Adab, Bab ma Ja’a fi al-Tawakkal ‘ala Allah, v. 9. Mesir: Matba‘ah al-Sawi, p. 320. See also, al-Tirmidhi (1964), Sunan al-Tirmidhi, T.T.P.:Matba‘at al-Madan i, hadith no. 2517. 39. Abi al-Husain Muslim Ibn al-Hujjaj (1988), Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Hudud, Bab Hadd al-Sirqah wa Nisabuha, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, hadith no. 1687. 40. al-Sayuti (1996), ), al-Asybah wa al-Naza’ir, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 110. See also, al-Syatibi (1969), al-Muwafaqat, v. 2. Kaherah: Muhammad ‘Ali Subayh, p. 9 |
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| spelling | 8228 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=8228 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection407072 Restricted Document Article Journal application/pdf 12 1.6 Adobe Acrobat Pro DC 20 Paper Capture Plug-in User user USER UsEr 2013-03-09 03:08:25 4191-01-FH02-FPPP-14-00603.pdf UniSZA Private Access Shariah Juristical Effect of Gharar in Predetermining Takaful Contribution International Journal of Education and Research The paper attempts to ascertain theact of applying gharar (risk) in predetermining Takaful contribution (premium) hence to offera juristic opinion from Islamic Shariah perspective. The general concept of gharar will be comprehended and briefly compared with the concept of risk. Subsequently, the act of making a gharar in fixing the Takaful contribution will bedebated and juristically analysed. The paper, however, does not attempt to reassess the Muslim jurists’ ruling on the permissibility of neither insurance nor takaful.It is concluded that the gharar (risk) in principle is a subject that is recognized in Islam. It would then lead to main inference that making a gharar (risk) asa consideration in contribution calculation is permissible from Shariah perspective. 1 2 117-128 1. Abi al-‘Abbas (1926), Misbah al-Munir, v. 2. Kaherah: al-Matba‘ah al-Amiriyyah, p. 608. 2. Muhammad Uthman Syabir (2001), al-Muamalat al-Maliyyah al-Mu’asarah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, Dar al-Nafa’is, p. 117-119. See also, al-Sarkhasi (n.d.), al-Mabsut, Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah, p. 194. See also, Syihab al-Din al-Qarafi (n.d.), al-Furuq, v. 3. Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah, p. 365. 3. Zinoviy Landsman, Michael Sherris, Risk measures and insurance premium principles, Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Volume 29, Issue 1, 20 August 2001, Pages 103-115, ISSN 0167-6687, 10.1016/S0167- 6687(01)00076-2. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167668701000762). See also, Shaun Wang, Insurance pricing and increased limits ratemaking by proportional hazards transforms, Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Volume 17, Issue 1, August 1995, Pages 43-54, ISSN 0167-6687, 10.1016/0167-6687(95)00010-P. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/016766879500010P) 4. Abi al-‘Abbas (1926), Misbah al-Munir, v. 2. Kaherah: al-Matba‘ah al-Amiriyyah, p. 608. 5. Ibn al-Athir (n.d.), al-Nihayah fi Gharib al-Hadith, v. 3. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 355. 6. al-Sarkhasi (n.d.), al-Mabsut, Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah., p. 194. 7. Syihab al-Din al-Qarafi (n.d.), al-Furuq, v. 3. Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifah, p. 365. 8. Al-Darir (1997), Al-Gharar in Contracts andits Effects on Contemporary Transaction,IRTI, IDB,Eminent Scholars Lecture Series, No. 16. 9. Al-Saati, A. R. (2003),The Permissible Gharar (Risk) in Classical Islamic Jurisprudence, Islamic Economics, 16(2), 3-19. 10. Jess, C. Digby (1993), The Insurance of Commercial Risk: Law & Practices, London: Butterworth, p. 4. 11. Ibn Al-Arabi (1376 A.H.), Ahkam Al-Quran,v. 1, Dar I hyaa Al-Turath, p. 41-42. See also, Al-Zamakhshari, (1373 A.H.), Al-Kashshaf, Al-Istiqamayh Press, v. 1, p. 502. 12. Yazid al-Qazwini Ibn Majjah (n.d.), Sunan Ibn Majjah, Kitab al-Tijarat, Bab al-Nahyi ‘an Bay al-Hisah wa ‘an Bay al-Gharar, v. 2, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, hadith no. 2195. See also, al-Bayhaqi (n.d.), al-Sunan al-Kubra, v. 5. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 338. 13. Al-Alim, Yusuf Hamid, (1415 A.H.), Al-Maqasid Al-Ammahli’l Shari’ah Al-Islamiyyah, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, p. 415-520. See also, Al-Amidy (1332 A.H.), Al-Ihkam fi Usul Al-Ahkam, v. 2, Dar al-Maarif: Cairo, p. 257-272. 14. al-Shatibi,AbuIshaqIbrahim,(n.d.),Al-Muwafaqat,ed.,S.A.Diraz,Al-MaktabaAl-Tijaryyah al-Kubra, Cairo, p. 208. 15. al-Shatibi,AbuIshaqIbrahim,(n.d.),Al-Muwafaqat,ed.,S.A.Diraz,Al-MaktabaAl-Tijaryyah al-Kubra, Cairo, p. 208. 16. Al-Saati, A. R. (2003),The Permissible Gharar (Risk) in Classical Islamic Jurisprudence, Islamic Economics, 16(2), 3-19. 17. Al-Saati, A. R. (2003),The Permissible Gharar (Risk) in Classical Islamic Jurisprudence, Islamic Economics, 16(2), 3-19. 18. al-Shatibi,AbuIshaqIbrahim,(n.d.),Al-Muwafaqat,ed.,S.A.Diraz,Al-MaktabaAl-Tijaryyah al-Kubra, Cairo, p. 208. See also, Al-Saati, A. R. (2003),The Permissible Gharar (Risk) in Classical Islamic Jurisprudence, Islamic Economics, 16(2), 3-19. 19. Ibn Majah, Al-Imam Al-Hafiz M. Bin Yazid (1313 A.H.), Sunan Ibn Maja, Chapter on Tijarat and Sunan Al�Nasai, Kitab Al-bay, Al-Sanadi: Scientific Press. 20. Muhammad Uthman Syabir (2001), al-Muamalat al-Mal iyyah al-Muasarah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, T.T.P.: Dar al�Nafa’is, p. 117-119. 21. al-Siddiq (1990), al-Gharar wa Atharuhu fi al-Uqud fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, Beirut: Dar al-Jayl, p. 76 - 77. 22. Akhter, Waheed (2010), Risk Management in Takaful, Lahore: MPRA, p. 5. 23. Akhter, Waheed (2010), Risk Management in Takaful, Lahore: MPRA, p. 5. 24. Muhammad ‘Ali (1998), Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam, v. 1. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, p. 210. See also, Ibn Taymiyah (n.d.), Majmu‘ al-Fatawa, v. 28. Beirut: Dar al-‘Arabiyyah, p. 385. 25. al-Qurtubi (1965), al-Jami‘ al-Ahkam al-Quran, v. 3. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath, p. 53. 26. Nazih Hamad (1993), Mu‘jam al-Mustalahat al-Iqtisadiyyah fi Lughghah al-Fuqaha’, al-Wilayat al-Muttahidah: al�Ma‘had al-‘Ali, p. 226. 27. Muhammad Rawas Qalaji (1985), Mu‘jam Lughghah al-Fuqaha’, Beirut: Dar al-Nafa’is, p. 420. 28. Muhammad Uthman Syabir (2001), al-Muamalat al-Mal iyyah al-Muasarah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, T.T.P.: Dar al�Nafa’is, p. 120. 29. Wahbah al-Zuhayli (1996), Usul al-Fiqh al-Islami, v. 2. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 606. 30. Gharib al-Jamal (1975), al-Ta’min fi al-Syari‘ah al-Islamiyyah wa al-Qanun, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr , p. 13 - 15. See also, Muhammad Uthman Syabir (2001), al-Muamalat al-Mal iyyah al-Muasarah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, T.T.P.: Dar al-Nafa’is, p. 108 31. Muhammad Uthman Syabir (2001), al-Muamalat al-Mal iyyah al-Muasarah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami, T.T.P.: Dar al�Nafa’is, p. 110. See also, Jamal al-Hakim (1965), ‘Uqud al-Ta’min min al-Nahiyyatain al-Ta’miniyyah wa al�Qanuniyyah, v. 1. Kaherah: Dar al-Ma‘rifah, p. 38. 32. ‘Abd al-Karim Zaydan (1987), al-Wajiz fi Usul al-Fiqh, Baghdad: T.P., p. 236. 33. al-Sayuti (1996), al-Asybah wa al-Naza’ir, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 83. 34. Yazid al-Qazwini Ibn Majjah (n.d.), Sunan Ibn Majjah, Kitab al-At’imah, Chapter Akl al-Jubn wa al-Samn, hadith no. 3367. 35. Muhammad ‘Ali (1998), Tafsir Ayat al-Ahkam, v. 1. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, p. 166 - 167. 36. al-Syatibi (1969), al-Muwafaqat, v. 2. Kaherah: Muhammad ‘Ali Subayh, p. 8. 37. Wahbah al-Zuhayli (1996), Usul al-Fiqh al-Islami, v. 2. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 755. 38. Abi Bakr Bin al-‘Arabi al-Maliki (1934), Sahih al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Adab, Bab ma Ja’a fi al-Tawakkal ‘ala Allah, v. 9. Mesir: Matba‘ah al-Sawi, p. 320. See also, al-Tirmidhi (1964), Sunan al-Tirmidhi, T.T.P.:Matba‘at al-Madan i, hadith no. 2517. 39. Abi al-Husain Muslim Ibn al-Hujjaj (1988), Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Hudud, Bab Hadd al-Sirqah wa Nisabuha, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, hadith no. 1687. 40. al-Sayuti (1996), ), al-Asybah wa al-Naza’ir, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, p. 110. See also, al-Syatibi (1969), al-Muwafaqat, v. 2. Kaherah: Muhammad ‘Ali Subayh, p. 9 |
| spellingShingle | Shariah Juristical Effect of Gharar in Predetermining Takaful Contribution |
| summary | The paper attempts to ascertain theact of applying gharar (risk) in predetermining Takaful contribution (premium) hence to offera juristic opinion from Islamic Shariah perspective. The general concept of gharar will be comprehended and briefly compared with the concept of risk. Subsequently, the act of making a gharar in fixing the Takaful contribution will bedebated and juristically analysed. The paper, however, does not attempt to reassess the Muslim jurists’ ruling on the permissibility of neither insurance nor takaful.It is concluded that the gharar (risk) in principle is a subject that is recognized in Islam. It would then lead to main inference that making a gharar (risk) asa consideration in contribution calculation is permissible from Shariah perspective. |
| title | Shariah Juristical Effect of Gharar in Predetermining Takaful Contribution |
| title_full | Shariah Juristical Effect of Gharar in Predetermining Takaful Contribution |
| title_fullStr | Shariah Juristical Effect of Gharar in Predetermining Takaful Contribution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Shariah Juristical Effect of Gharar in Predetermining Takaful Contribution |
| title_short | Shariah Juristical Effect of Gharar in Predetermining Takaful Contribution |
| title_sort | shariah juristical effect of gharar in predetermining takaful contribution |