Rewards and Motivation Among Administrators of UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN (UniSZA): An Empirical Study

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internalnotes Armstrong, M., & Murlis, H. (2007). Reward Management: a handbook of remuneration strategy and practice (5th ed.). London: Kogan Page. Badrinarayan, S. R., & Tilekar, P. (2011). Critical Analysis of Motivators and Hygiene Factors with special reference to employees of Private and Public Sector Banks in India. International Journal of Research in IT & Management, 1(1), 39-50. Baer, M., Oldham, G. R., & Cummings, A. (2003). Rewarding Creativity: When does it really matter? The Leadership Quarterly, 14, 569-589. doi: 10.1016/S1048-9843(03)00052-3 Balachandar, G., Panchanatham, N., & Subramanian, K. (2010). Impact of Job Situation on the Motivation of Insurance Companies Officers: A Developmental Perspective. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 1(4), 349-353. Baldoni, J. (2005). Motivation Secrets: Great Motivation Secrets of Great Leaders. Retrieved June 14, 2012 from http://govleaders.org/motivation_secrets.htm Baron, R. A. (1983). Behaviors in organisations. New York: Ally & Bacon, Inc. Bedeian, A. G. (1993). Management (3rd ed.). New York: Dryden Press. Beer, M., Spector, B., Lawrence, P. R., Mills, D. Q., & Walton, R. E. (1984). Managing human assets. New York: The Free Press. Bloom, M., & Milkovich, G. T. (1998). Relationships among risk, incentive pay, and organizational performance. Academy of Management Journal, 41(3), 283-297. doi:10.2307/256908 Butkus, R. T., & Green, T. B. (1999). Motivation, beliefs and organizational transformation. Westport, CT: Quorum Books. Cameron, J., & Pierce, W. D. (2006). Rewards and intrinsic motivation: Resolving the controversy. United State: Bergin & Garvey. Chen, Y., Gupta, A., & Hoshower, L. (2006). Factors that motivate business faculty to conduct research: An expectancy theory analysis. Journal of Education for Business, 81(4), 179-189. doi:10.3200/JOEB.81.4. Chindanya, A. (2002). Motivating professional staff as a managerial task at a higher education institution. Unpublished Dissertation, University of South Africa. Choong, Y. O., Wong, K. L., & Lau, T. C. (2011). Intrinsic motivation and organizational commitment in the Malaysian Private Higher Education Institution: An empirical study. Journal of Arts, Science & Commerce, 2(4), 40-50 Chowdhury, M. S. (2007). Enhancing motivation and work performance of the salespeople: the impact of supervisors’ behavior. African Journal of Business Management, 1(9), 238-243. Conraths, B. (2007). Managing the university community: Exploring good practice. Belgium: European University Association. Danish, R. Q., & Usman, A. (2010). Impact of Reward and Recognition on Job Satisfaction and Motivation: An Empirical Study from Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(2), 159-167. De Beer, M. J. (1987). 'n Ondersoek na die rol wat arbeidsomset in die bedryf speel met spesieke verwysing na werkbevrediging en werksmotivering. Unpublished master’s dissertation. University of the Free State, Bloemfontein. Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). A Meta-Analytic Review of Experiments Examining the Effects of Extrinsic Rewards on Intrinsic Motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 627-668. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.125.6.627 Graham, S., & Weiner, B. (1996). Theories and principles of motivation. In Berliner, D. C., & Calfee, R. C. (Eds.). Handbook of Educational Psychology. New York: Macmillan. Grubb, W. N., Sweet, R., Gallagher, M., & Tuomi, O. (2006). Thematic review of tertiary education: Country note for Korea. Korea: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Gupta, N., & Shaw, J. D. (1998). Let the evidence speak: Financial incentives are effective! Compensation and Benets Review, 26, 28-32. doi: 10.1177/088636879803000205 Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1976). Motivation through the design of work: test of a theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16(2), 250-279. doi: 10.1016/0030-5073(76)90016-7 Hafiza, N. S., Shah, S. S., Jamsheed, H., & Zaman, K. (2011). Relationship Between Rewards and Employee’s Motivation in the Non-Profit Organizations of Pakistan. Business Intelligence Journal, 4(2), 327-334. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis, A Global Perspective (7th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Henderson, R. I. (2006). Compensation Management in a Knowledge based-World. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Herzberg, F. I., Mausner, B., & Snyderman, B. B. (1959). The Motivation to Work. New York: Wiley Hong, T. T., & Waheed, A. (2011). Herzberg's Motivation Hygiene Theory and Job Satisfaction In The Malaysia Retail Sector: The Mediating Effect of Love of Money. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 16(1), 73-94. Ismail, A. (2007). Relationship between pay distribution system, distributive justice and work attitudes and behaviours within Malaysian institution of higher learning. UNITAR E-Journal, 3(1), 1-22. Kankanhalli, A., Tan, B. C. Y., & Wei, K. K. (2005). Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Knowledge Repositories: An Empirical Investigation. MIS Quarterly, 29(1), 113-143. Khan, K. U., Farooq, S. U., & Ullah, M. I. (2010). The Relationship between Rewards and Employee Motivation in Commercial Banks of Pakistan. Research Journal of Internatıonal Studıes, 14, 37-52. Kim, D. (2006). Employee Motivation: “Just Ask Your Employees”. Seoul Journal of Business, 12(1), 19-35. Lawler, E. E. (2003). Treat people right. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc. Lowery, C. M., Beadles, N. A., Petty, M. M., Amsler, G. M., & Thompson, J. W. (2002). An empirical examination of a merit bonus plan. Journal of Managerial Issues, 14, 100-117. Luthans, F. (1998). Organisational Behaviour. Boston: Irwin McGraw-Hill. Mani, B. G. (2002). Performance appraisal systems, productivity, and motivation: A case study. Public Personnel Management, 31(2), 141-159. Markham, L. M. (2009). Perceptions of motivation and job satisfaction for information technology professionals at institutions of higher learning in Mississippi. Unpublished Dissertation, Mississippi State University, Mississippi. Maslow, A. H. (1943). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper. Milkovich, G., Newman, J. M., & Gerhart, B. (2010). Compensation (10th ed.). United States: Mc Graw Hill. Milliken, W. F. (1996). The Eastman Way (quality at Eastman Chemical Company). Quality Progress, 29(10), 57-62. Minden, H. (1982). Two Hugs for Survival. Toronto, ON: McClelland and Stewart Limited. Mol, A. (1992). Motivating subordinates. IPM Journal, 11(2), 19-22 Nandanwar, M. V., Surnis, S., & Nandanwar, L. M. (2010). Intervening factors affecting the relationship between incentives and employee motivation: a case study of pharmaceutical manufacturing organisation in Navi Mumbai. Journal of Business Excellence, 1(2), 6-11. National Economic Advisory Council. (2010). New economic model for Malaysia concluding part: Strategic Policy Measures. National Economic Advisory Council, Putrajaya: Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad. Nawab, S., Ahmad, J., & Shafi, K. (2011). An Analysis of Differences in Work Motivation between Public and Private Sector Organizations. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 2(11), 110-127. Nel, P. S., Gerber, P. D., Van, D. P. S., Haasbroek, G. D., Schultz, H. B., Sono, T., et al. (2001). Human Resources Management. Cape Town: Oxford University Press. Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Paarsch, H., & Shearer, B. (2000). Fixed wages, piece rates and incentive effects: statistical evidence from payroll records. International Economic Review, 41(1), 59-92. Page, L. (2008). Do not show me the money? The growing popularity of non-monetary incentives in the workplace. Retrieved July 5, 2012, from http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Non-moneatry-incentives-workplaces/155356 Pawlowski, S. D., Datta, P., & Houston, A., L. (2005). The (Gradually) Changing Face of State IT Jobs. Communications of the ACM, 48(5). doi:10.1145/1060710.1060714 Ramdhani, J. (2008). Motivation and perceived productivity at a merged higher education institution. Unpublished Dissertation, Durban University of Technology. Reena, A., & Ahmed, M. S. (2009). Relationship between reward and recognition respectively, and motivation and satisfaction. International Review of Business Research Papers, 5(4), 270-279. Roberts, R. L. (2005). The relationship between rewards, recognition and motivation at an Insurance Company in the Western Cape. Master dissertation, University of the Western Cape. Roscoe, J. T. (1975). Fundamental Research Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc. Rowley, J. (1996). Motivation and academic staff in higher education. Quality Assurance in Higher Education, 4, 11-16. doi:10.1108/09684889610125814 Rukmani, K., Ramesh, M., & Jayakrishnan, J. (2010). Effect of leadership styles on organizational effectiveness. European Journal of Social Sciences, 15(3), 365-370. Ruthankoon, R., & Ogunlana, S. O. (2003). Testing Herzberg’s two-factor theory in the Thai construction industry. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 10(5), 333-341. doi: 10.1108/096999803105029 46 Rys, M. (2007). The effect of rewards on the attitude towards knowledge sharing in organizations. Universiteit Maastricht, Netherlands. Sav, G. T. (2010). Managing Public Higher Education Restructuring: Understanding College and University Cost Structures. Management, 15(2), 1-23. Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2010). Research methods for business. A skill building approach. United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Shafiq, M. M., Mariam, M., & Raza, M. S. (2011). Association between Reward and Employee motivation: A case study Banking Sector of Pakistan. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 5(1), 165-178. doi:10.2139/ssrn.1857663 Shanks, N. H. (2007). Management and motivation. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. Singh, N. (2005). Motivation, theories and practical application. New Delhi: Deep Publications. Tang, T. L. P. (2007). Income and quality of life: Does the love of money make a difference? Journal of Business Ethics, 72(4), 375-393. doi:10.1007A10551-006-9176-4 Tella, A., Ayeni, C. O., & Popoola, S. O. (2007). Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction, and Organisational Commitment of Library Personnel in Academic and Research Libraries in Oyo State, Nigeria. Library Philosophy and Practice 2007, 1-16. Tippet, J., & Kluvers, R. (2009). Employee Rewards and Motivation in Non Profit Organisations: Case Study from Australia. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(3), 7-14. Tripathi, P. C. (2002). Human Resource Development. New Delhi: Sultan chand & sons. Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation. New York: John Wiley. Weaver, T. (1998). Theory M: motivating with money. Cornell HRA Quarterly, 29(3), 40-45. Williamson, I. O., Burnett, M. F., & Bartol, K. M. (2009). The interactive effect of collectivism and organizational rewards on affective organizational commitment. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 16(1), 28-43. doi:10.1108/13527600910930022 Wright, B. E. (2007). Public sector work motivation: does mission matter? Public Administration Review, 67(1), 54-64. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00696.x Young, I. P. (1999). Salary discrimination: A test of the paradoxical female hypothesis. Educational Administration Quarterly, 35(3), 379-397. doi:10.1177/0013161X99353004 Yusof, R. M. (2007). Relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment and job performance among administrators in a Malaysian Public University. PhD Thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia. Zani, R. M., Rahim, N. A., Junos, S., Samanol, S., Ahmad, S. S., Merican, F. M. I., et al. (2011). Comparing the impact of financial and non-financial rewards towards organizational motivation. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(4), 328-344.
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resourceurl https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=8227
spelling 8227 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=8227 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection407072 Restricted Document Article Journal application/pdf 2 1.6 Adobe Acrobat Pro DC 20 Paper Capture Plug-in 2024-09-09 11:16:56 4190-01-FH02-FPPP-14-00605.pdf UniSZA Private Access Rewards and Motivation Among Administrators of UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN (UniSZA): An Empirical Study International Journal of Business and Society The aim of this paper is to examine effect of rewards and employees' motivation among administrators of Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA). Reward and motivation are relying upon in many countries to induce changes in higher education. One of the ways to heighten the motivation is through effective reward system. Reward prescribes two important dimensions consist of extrinsic and intrinsic. The target population was non-academic administrative management group of UniSZA. Data was drawn from a sample of 86 administrators in UniSZA. The regression result shows that reward generally have a positive effect on motivation. Specifically, the findings indicate that extrinsic reward was positively related to motivation. Intrinsic reward also found to have a positive effect on motivation. A discussion of the findings, limitations, and future research are provided. 14 2 248-265 Armstrong, M., & Murlis, H. (2007). Reward Management: a handbook of remuneration strategy and practice (5th ed.). London: Kogan Page. Badrinarayan, S. R., & Tilekar, P. (2011). Critical Analysis of Motivators and Hygiene Factors with special reference to employees of Private and Public Sector Banks in India. International Journal of Research in IT & Management, 1(1), 39-50. Baer, M., Oldham, G. R., & Cummings, A. (2003). Rewarding Creativity: When does it really matter? The Leadership Quarterly, 14, 569-589. doi: 10.1016/S1048-9843(03)00052-3 Balachandar, G., Panchanatham, N., & Subramanian, K. (2010). Impact of Job Situation on the Motivation of Insurance Companies Officers: A Developmental Perspective. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 1(4), 349-353. Baldoni, J. (2005). Motivation Secrets: Great Motivation Secrets of Great Leaders. Retrieved June 14, 2012 from http://govleaders.org/motivation_secrets.htm Baron, R. A. (1983). Behaviors in organisations. New York: Ally & Bacon, Inc. Bedeian, A. G. (1993). Management (3rd ed.). New York: Dryden Press. Beer, M., Spector, B., Lawrence, P. R., Mills, D. Q., & Walton, R. E. (1984). Managing human assets. New York: The Free Press. Bloom, M., & Milkovich, G. T. (1998). Relationships among risk, incentive pay, and organizational performance. Academy of Management Journal, 41(3), 283-297. doi:10.2307/256908 Butkus, R. T., & Green, T. B. (1999). Motivation, beliefs and organizational transformation. Westport, CT: Quorum Books. Cameron, J., & Pierce, W. D. (2006). Rewards and intrinsic motivation: Resolving the controversy. United State: Bergin & Garvey. Chen, Y., Gupta, A., & Hoshower, L. (2006). Factors that motivate business faculty to conduct research: An expectancy theory analysis. Journal of Education for Business, 81(4), 179-189. doi:10.3200/JOEB.81.4. Chindanya, A. (2002). Motivating professional staff as a managerial task at a higher education institution. Unpublished Dissertation, University of South Africa. Choong, Y. O., Wong, K. L., & Lau, T. C. (2011). Intrinsic motivation and organizational commitment in the Malaysian Private Higher Education Institution: An empirical study. Journal of Arts, Science & Commerce, 2(4), 40-50 Chowdhury, M. S. (2007). Enhancing motivation and work performance of the salespeople: the impact of supervisors’ behavior. African Journal of Business Management, 1(9), 238-243. Conraths, B. (2007). Managing the university community: Exploring good practice. Belgium: European University Association. Danish, R. Q., & Usman, A. (2010). Impact of Reward and Recognition on Job Satisfaction and Motivation: An Empirical Study from Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(2), 159-167. De Beer, M. J. (1987). 'n Ondersoek na die rol wat arbeidsomset in die bedryf speel met spesieke verwysing na werkbevrediging en werksmotivering. Unpublished master’s dissertation. University of the Free State, Bloemfontein. Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). A Meta-Analytic Review of Experiments Examining the Effects of Extrinsic Rewards on Intrinsic Motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 627-668. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.125.6.627 Graham, S., & Weiner, B. (1996). Theories and principles of motivation. In Berliner, D. C., & Calfee, R. C. (Eds.). Handbook of Educational Psychology. New York: Macmillan. Grubb, W. N., Sweet, R., Gallagher, M., & Tuomi, O. (2006). Thematic review of tertiary education: Country note for Korea. Korea: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Gupta, N., & Shaw, J. D. (1998). Let the evidence speak: Financial incentives are effective! Compensation and Benets Review, 26, 28-32. doi: 10.1177/088636879803000205 Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1976). Motivation through the design of work: test of a theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16(2), 250-279. doi: 10.1016/0030-5073(76)90016-7 Hafiza, N. S., Shah, S. S., Jamsheed, H., & Zaman, K. (2011). Relationship Between Rewards and Employee’s Motivation in the Non-Profit Organizations of Pakistan. Business Intelligence Journal, 4(2), 327-334. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis, A Global Perspective (7th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Henderson, R. I. (2006). Compensation Management in a Knowledge based-World. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Herzberg, F. I., Mausner, B., & Snyderman, B. B. (1959). The Motivation to Work. New York: Wiley Hong, T. T., & Waheed, A. (2011). Herzberg's Motivation Hygiene Theory and Job Satisfaction In The Malaysia Retail Sector: The Mediating Effect of Love of Money. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 16(1), 73-94. Ismail, A. (2007). Relationship between pay distribution system, distributive justice and work attitudes and behaviours within Malaysian institution of higher learning. UNITAR E-Journal, 3(1), 1-22. Kankanhalli, A., Tan, B. C. Y., & Wei, K. K. (2005). Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Knowledge Repositories: An Empirical Investigation. MIS Quarterly, 29(1), 113-143. Khan, K. U., Farooq, S. U., & Ullah, M. I. (2010). The Relationship between Rewards and Employee Motivation in Commercial Banks of Pakistan. Research Journal of Internatıonal Studıes, 14, 37-52. Kim, D. (2006). Employee Motivation: “Just Ask Your Employees”. Seoul Journal of Business, 12(1), 19-35. Lawler, E. E. (2003). Treat people right. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc. Lowery, C. M., Beadles, N. A., Petty, M. M., Amsler, G. M., & Thompson, J. W. (2002). An empirical examination of a merit bonus plan. Journal of Managerial Issues, 14, 100-117. Luthans, F. (1998). Organisational Behaviour. Boston: Irwin McGraw-Hill. Mani, B. G. (2002). Performance appraisal systems, productivity, and motivation: A case study. Public Personnel Management, 31(2), 141-159. Markham, L. M. (2009). Perceptions of motivation and job satisfaction for information technology professionals at institutions of higher learning in Mississippi. Unpublished Dissertation, Mississippi State University, Mississippi. Maslow, A. H. (1943). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper. Milkovich, G., Newman, J. M., & Gerhart, B. (2010). Compensation (10th ed.). United States: Mc Graw Hill. Milliken, W. F. (1996). The Eastman Way (quality at Eastman Chemical Company). Quality Progress, 29(10), 57-62. Minden, H. (1982). Two Hugs for Survival. Toronto, ON: McClelland and Stewart Limited. Mol, A. (1992). Motivating subordinates. IPM Journal, 11(2), 19-22 Nandanwar, M. V., Surnis, S., & Nandanwar, L. M. (2010). Intervening factors affecting the relationship between incentives and employee motivation: a case study of pharmaceutical manufacturing organisation in Navi Mumbai. Journal of Business Excellence, 1(2), 6-11. National Economic Advisory Council. (2010). New economic model for Malaysia concluding part: Strategic Policy Measures. National Economic Advisory Council, Putrajaya: Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad. Nawab, S., Ahmad, J., & Shafi, K. (2011). An Analysis of Differences in Work Motivation between Public and Private Sector Organizations. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 2(11), 110-127. Nel, P. S., Gerber, P. D., Van, D. P. S., Haasbroek, G. D., Schultz, H. B., Sono, T., et al. (2001). Human Resources Management. Cape Town: Oxford University Press. Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Paarsch, H., & Shearer, B. (2000). Fixed wages, piece rates and incentive effects: statistical evidence from payroll records. International Economic Review, 41(1), 59-92. Page, L. (2008). Do not show me the money? The growing popularity of non-monetary incentives in the workplace. Retrieved July 5, 2012, from http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Non-moneatry-incentives-workplaces/155356 Pawlowski, S. D., Datta, P., & Houston, A., L. (2005). The (Gradually) Changing Face of State IT Jobs. Communications of the ACM, 48(5). doi:10.1145/1060710.1060714 Ramdhani, J. (2008). Motivation and perceived productivity at a merged higher education institution. Unpublished Dissertation, Durban University of Technology. Reena, A., & Ahmed, M. S. (2009). Relationship between reward and recognition respectively, and motivation and satisfaction. International Review of Business Research Papers, 5(4), 270-279. Roberts, R. L. (2005). The relationship between rewards, recognition and motivation at an Insurance Company in the Western Cape. Master dissertation, University of the Western Cape. Roscoe, J. T. (1975). Fundamental Research Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc. Rowley, J. (1996). Motivation and academic staff in higher education. Quality Assurance in Higher Education, 4, 11-16. doi:10.1108/09684889610125814 Rukmani, K., Ramesh, M., & Jayakrishnan, J. (2010). Effect of leadership styles on organizational effectiveness. European Journal of Social Sciences, 15(3), 365-370. Ruthankoon, R., & Ogunlana, S. O. (2003). Testing Herzberg’s two-factor theory in the Thai construction industry. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 10(5), 333-341. doi: 10.1108/096999803105029 46 Rys, M. (2007). The effect of rewards on the attitude towards knowledge sharing in organizations. Universiteit Maastricht, Netherlands. Sav, G. T. (2010). Managing Public Higher Education Restructuring: Understanding College and University Cost Structures. Management, 15(2), 1-23. Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2010). Research methods for business. A skill building approach. United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Shafiq, M. M., Mariam, M., & Raza, M. S. (2011). Association between Reward and Employee motivation: A case study Banking Sector of Pakistan. European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 5(1), 165-178. doi:10.2139/ssrn.1857663 Shanks, N. H. (2007). Management and motivation. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. Singh, N. (2005). Motivation, theories and practical application. New Delhi: Deep Publications. Tang, T. L. P. (2007). Income and quality of life: Does the love of money make a difference? Journal of Business Ethics, 72(4), 375-393. doi:10.1007A10551-006-9176-4 Tella, A., Ayeni, C. O., & Popoola, S. O. (2007). Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction, and Organisational Commitment of Library Personnel in Academic and Research Libraries in Oyo State, Nigeria. Library Philosophy and Practice 2007, 1-16. Tippet, J., & Kluvers, R. (2009). Employee Rewards and Motivation in Non Profit Organisations: Case Study from Australia. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(3), 7-14. Tripathi, P. C. (2002). Human Resource Development. New Delhi: Sultan chand & sons. Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation. New York: John Wiley. Weaver, T. (1998). Theory M: motivating with money. Cornell HRA Quarterly, 29(3), 40-45. Williamson, I. O., Burnett, M. F., & Bartol, K. M. (2009). The interactive effect of collectivism and organizational rewards on affective organizational commitment. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 16(1), 28-43. doi:10.1108/13527600910930022 Wright, B. E. (2007). Public sector work motivation: does mission matter? Public Administration Review, 67(1), 54-64. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00696.x Young, I. P. (1999). Salary discrimination: A test of the paradoxical female hypothesis. Educational Administration Quarterly, 35(3), 379-397. doi:10.1177/0013161X99353004 Yusof, R. M. (2007). Relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational commitment and job performance among administrators in a Malaysian Public University. PhD Thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia. Zani, R. M., Rahim, N. A., Junos, S., Samanol, S., Ahmad, S. S., Merican, F. M. I., et al. (2011). Comparing the impact of financial and non-financial rewards towards organizational motivation. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(4), 328-344.
spellingShingle Rewards and Motivation Among Administrators of UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN (UniSZA): An Empirical Study
summary The aim of this paper is to examine effect of rewards and employees' motivation among administrators of Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA). Reward and motivation are relying upon in many countries to induce changes in higher education. One of the ways to heighten the motivation is through effective reward system. Reward prescribes two important dimensions consist of extrinsic and intrinsic. The target population was non-academic administrative management group of UniSZA. Data was drawn from a sample of 86 administrators in UniSZA. The regression result shows that reward generally have a positive effect on motivation. Specifically, the findings indicate that extrinsic reward was positively related to motivation. Intrinsic reward also found to have a positive effect on motivation. A discussion of the findings, limitations, and future research are provided.
title Rewards and Motivation Among Administrators of UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN (UniSZA): An Empirical Study
title_full Rewards and Motivation Among Administrators of UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN (UniSZA): An Empirical Study
title_fullStr Rewards and Motivation Among Administrators of UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN (UniSZA): An Empirical Study
title_full_unstemmed Rewards and Motivation Among Administrators of UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN (UniSZA): An Empirical Study
title_short Rewards and Motivation Among Administrators of UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN (UniSZA): An Empirical Study
title_sort rewards and motivation among administrators of universiti sultan zainal abidin (unisza): an empirical study