Bloggers as Amateur Journalists and Their Position under the Regulatory System of the Press in the UK

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internalnotes Allan, S. 2006. Online News: Journalism and the Internet. Maidenhead, England: Open University Press Barendt, E. 2009. Bad News for Bloggers. Journal of Media Law 1(2): 141–147. Barendt, E & Hitchens, L. 2000. Media Law: Cases and Materials. Harlow: Pearson Education. Beales, I. 2011. The Editor’s Codebook. The Editor’s Code of Practice Committee. http:// www.editorscode.org.uk/downloads/codebook/ codebook.pdf Bernal, P. A. 2010. Web 2.5: The Symbiotic Web. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 24(1): 25–37. Bowman, S. & Willis, C. 2003. We Media: How Audiences are Shaping the Future of News and Information .http://www.hypergene.net/wemedia/ download/we_media.pdf Ciolli, A. 2007. Bloggers as Public Figures. Boston University Public Interest Law Journal 16: 255– 284. Coad, J. 2003. The Press Complaints Commission - Some Myths AboutSelf Regulation.” Entertainment Law Review 14(8): 211–214. Feintuck, M. & Varney, M. 2006. Media Regulation, Public Interest and the Law.2nd edition. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Graham, B. L. 1999. PeterMe Decides the Proper Way to Say ‘weblog’ is ‘wee’-blog’. The BradLands, May 23, http://www.bradlands.com/weblog/1999-05. shtml/P1925 Hart, K. 2006. Portrait of a Blogger: Under 30 and Sociable. The Washington Post, July 20.http:// www.washingtonpost.com/wp dyn/content/ article/2006/07/19/AR2006071901900.html Jordan, B. 2009. The Editors Codebook - The Second Edition.”Entertainment Law Review20(7): 249– 252. Kennedy, D. 2005. The Blogging Revolution Breakthrough, Hype — or Both?Public/Private: Interactions in New Media, October 13,http:// www.lib.neu.edu/newmedia/dan kennedyessay. htm Lasica, J.D. Blogging as a Form of Journalism. Online Journalism Review, May 24, http://www.ojr.org/ ojr/workplace/1017958873.php [2001]. Lefever, K. & Werkers, E. 2010. Digital Sports Content: The Rise of New Media Players and the Legal Consequences in Terms of Obligations and Liability Risk. Entertainment Law Review 21(6): 215–220. McGonagle, T. 2001. Does the Existing Regulatory Framework for Television Apply to the New Media? Iris PLUS, European Audiovisual Observatory 6: 1–8. McKenna, L and Pole, A. 2008. What Do Bloggers Do: An Average Day on an Average Political Blog. January 1, Public Choice 134(1): 97-108 Mercado-Kierkegaard, S. 2006. Blogs, Lies and the Doocing: The Next Hotbed of Litigation? Computer Law & Security Report 22(2): 127–136. Merholz, P. 2002. Play with Your Words, May 17, http://www.peterme.com/archives/00000205.html Munro, C. 1997. Self-regulation in the Media. Public Law6–17. O’Malley, T. and Soley, C. 2000. Regulating the Press. London: Pluto Press. O’Reilly, T. What Is Web 2.0. [2005] O’Reilly Media, September 30. http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/ what-is-web-20.html. Pain, J. 2005. Bloggers, the New Heralds of Free Expression. In Reporters Without Borders (ed.). Handbook for Bloggers and Cyber Dissidents.http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/ handbookbloggerscyberdissidents-GB. Ribstein, L. E. 2006- 2007. From Bricks to Pajamas: The Law and Economics of Amateur Journalism. William and Mary Law Review 48: 185. Robertson, G. and Nicol, A. 2008. Media Law. 5th Ed. London: Penguin. Rosenberg, S. 2009. Say Everything: How Blogging Began, What It’s Becoming and Why It Matters. 1st Ed. New York: Crown. Russo, M. 2006-2007. Are Bloggers Representatives of the New Media Under the Freedom Information Act?Columbia Journal of Law and Social Problems 40: 225. Sellars, S. 2011. Online Privacy: Do We Have It and Do We Want It? A Review of the Risks and UK Case Law. European Intellectual Property Review 33(1): 9–17. Shannon, R. 2001. A Press Free and Responsible: Self-Regulation and the Press Complaints Commission 1991-2001. London: John Murray. Sparrow, A. 2007. Film and Television Distribution and the Internet: A Legal Guide for the Media Industry. Aldershot: Ashgate. Sullivan, A. 2002. The Blogging Revolution. Weblogs Are to Words What Napster was to Music. WIRED, May http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/10.05/ mustread.html?pg=2 Sussman, M. 2009. Day 1: Who Are The Bloggers? SOTB 2009. Technorati, October 19, http:// technorati.com/blogging/article/day-1-who-are�the-bloggers1/ Sussman, M. 2009. Day 2: The What and Why of Blogging - SOTB 2009. Technorati, October 20 http://technorati.com/blogging/article/day-2-the�what-and-why2/ Tambini, D.,Leonardi, D. and Marsden, D. 2008. Codifying Cyberspace: Communications Self�Regulation in the Age of Internet Convergence. London: Routledge. Valcke, P. and Lenaerts, M. 2010. Who’s Author, Editor and Publisher in User-generated Content? Applying Traditional Media Concepts to UGC - Providers. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 24(1): 119-131. Woan, S. 2007-2008. The Blogosphere: Past, Present, and Future. Preserving the Unfettered Development of Alternative Journalism. California Western Law Review 44: 477- 481. Wortham, J. 2007. “After 10 Years of Blogs, the Future’s Brighter Than Ever.” WIRED, December17http://www.wired.com/entertainment/ theweb/news/2007/12/blog_anniversary
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spelling 7346 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=7346 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection407072 Restricted Document Article Journal application/pdf 10 Adobe Acrobat Pro DC 20 Paper Capture Plug-in 1.7 Google 2014-02-17 13:42:02 2758-01-FH02-FUHA-14-00578.pdf UniSZA Private Access Bloggers as Amateur Journalists and Their Position under the Regulatory System of the Press in the UK Jurnal Undang-undang dan Masyarakat Blogs are web-based publications that are frequently updated and usually shown in reverse chronological order. They play a significant role as ‘watchdog to watchdog’ (mainstream media) by providing information from many sources, revealing media bias and influencing opinion on a wide scale vision called ‘participatory media’. Sometimes, blogs disseminate first-hand reports and details which the mainstream media ignore or have too little preference or time to investigate. Nonetheless, blogs published by amateurs or individuals who are not associated with any media corporations are merely subjected to general laws such as defamation, sedition and many others, but they are currently notregulated by any specific regulatory regime. This uncertainty becomes more complicated as convergence and digital technology have facilitated journalists from the traditional print media to emulate and establish their presence in the blogosphere as well. And these professional bloggers who are directly attached to media establishments and have their blogs appeared on the companies’ websites are subjected to the rules and regulatory controls of the print media which is under the supervision of the Press Complaints Commission (the PCC). As such, this study seeks to highlight the importance and role of blogs in relation to journalism, to analyse the self-regulatory system of the PCC in connection with the governance of blogs in the UK and to evaluate the possibility of applying or extending relevant legal principles and standards to bloggers in the country. 69-78 Allan, S. 2006. Online News: Journalism and the Internet. Maidenhead, England: Open University Press Barendt, E. 2009. Bad News for Bloggers. Journal of Media Law 1(2): 141–147. Barendt, E & Hitchens, L. 2000. Media Law: Cases and Materials. Harlow: Pearson Education. Beales, I. 2011. The Editor’s Codebook. The Editor’s Code of Practice Committee. http:// www.editorscode.org.uk/downloads/codebook/ codebook.pdf Bernal, P. A. 2010. Web 2.5: The Symbiotic Web. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 24(1): 25–37. Bowman, S. & Willis, C. 2003. We Media: How Audiences are Shaping the Future of News and Information .http://www.hypergene.net/wemedia/ download/we_media.pdf Ciolli, A. 2007. Bloggers as Public Figures. Boston University Public Interest Law Journal 16: 255– 284. Coad, J. 2003. The Press Complaints Commission - Some Myths AboutSelf Regulation.” Entertainment Law Review 14(8): 211–214. Feintuck, M. & Varney, M. 2006. Media Regulation, Public Interest and the Law.2nd edition. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Graham, B. L. 1999. PeterMe Decides the Proper Way to Say ‘weblog’ is ‘wee’-blog’. The BradLands, May 23, http://www.bradlands.com/weblog/1999-05. shtml/P1925 Hart, K. 2006. Portrait of a Blogger: Under 30 and Sociable. The Washington Post, July 20.http:// www.washingtonpost.com/wp dyn/content/ article/2006/07/19/AR2006071901900.html Jordan, B. 2009. The Editors Codebook - The Second Edition.”Entertainment Law Review20(7): 249– 252. Kennedy, D. 2005. The Blogging Revolution Breakthrough, Hype — or Both?Public/Private: Interactions in New Media, October 13,http:// www.lib.neu.edu/newmedia/dan kennedyessay. htm Lasica, J.D. Blogging as a Form of Journalism. Online Journalism Review, May 24, http://www.ojr.org/ ojr/workplace/1017958873.php [2001]. Lefever, K. & Werkers, E. 2010. Digital Sports Content: The Rise of New Media Players and the Legal Consequences in Terms of Obligations and Liability Risk. Entertainment Law Review 21(6): 215–220. McGonagle, T. 2001. Does the Existing Regulatory Framework for Television Apply to the New Media? Iris PLUS, European Audiovisual Observatory 6: 1–8. McKenna, L and Pole, A. 2008. What Do Bloggers Do: An Average Day on an Average Political Blog. January 1, Public Choice 134(1): 97-108 Mercado-Kierkegaard, S. 2006. Blogs, Lies and the Doocing: The Next Hotbed of Litigation? Computer Law & Security Report 22(2): 127–136. Merholz, P. 2002. Play with Your Words, May 17, http://www.peterme.com/archives/00000205.html Munro, C. 1997. Self-regulation in the Media. Public Law6–17. O’Malley, T. and Soley, C. 2000. Regulating the Press. London: Pluto Press. O’Reilly, T. What Is Web 2.0. [2005] O’Reilly Media, September 30. http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/ what-is-web-20.html. Pain, J. 2005. Bloggers, the New Heralds of Free Expression. In Reporters Without Borders (ed.). Handbook for Bloggers and Cyber Dissidents.http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/ handbookbloggerscyberdissidents-GB. Ribstein, L. E. 2006- 2007. From Bricks to Pajamas: The Law and Economics of Amateur Journalism. William and Mary Law Review 48: 185. Robertson, G. and Nicol, A. 2008. Media Law. 5th Ed. London: Penguin. Rosenberg, S. 2009. Say Everything: How Blogging Began, What It’s Becoming and Why It Matters. 1st Ed. New York: Crown. Russo, M. 2006-2007. Are Bloggers Representatives of the New Media Under the Freedom Information Act?Columbia Journal of Law and Social Problems 40: 225. Sellars, S. 2011. Online Privacy: Do We Have It and Do We Want It? A Review of the Risks and UK Case Law. European Intellectual Property Review 33(1): 9–17. Shannon, R. 2001. A Press Free and Responsible: Self-Regulation and the Press Complaints Commission 1991-2001. London: John Murray. Sparrow, A. 2007. Film and Television Distribution and the Internet: A Legal Guide for the Media Industry. Aldershot: Ashgate. Sullivan, A. 2002. The Blogging Revolution. Weblogs Are to Words What Napster was to Music. WIRED, May http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/10.05/ mustread.html?pg=2 Sussman, M. 2009. Day 1: Who Are The Bloggers? SOTB 2009. Technorati, October 19, http:// technorati.com/blogging/article/day-1-who-are�the-bloggers1/ Sussman, M. 2009. Day 2: The What and Why of Blogging - SOTB 2009. Technorati, October 20 http://technorati.com/blogging/article/day-2-the�what-and-why2/ Tambini, D.,Leonardi, D. and Marsden, D. 2008. Codifying Cyberspace: Communications Self�Regulation in the Age of Internet Convergence. London: Routledge. Valcke, P. and Lenaerts, M. 2010. Who’s Author, Editor and Publisher in User-generated Content? Applying Traditional Media Concepts to UGC - Providers. International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 24(1): 119-131. Woan, S. 2007-2008. The Blogosphere: Past, Present, and Future. Preserving the Unfettered Development of Alternative Journalism. California Western Law Review 44: 477- 481. Wortham, J. 2007. “After 10 Years of Blogs, the Future’s Brighter Than Ever.” WIRED, December17http://www.wired.com/entertainment/ theweb/news/2007/12/blog_anniversary
spellingShingle Bloggers as Amateur Journalists and Their Position under the Regulatory System of the Press in the UK
summary Blogs are web-based publications that are frequently updated and usually shown in reverse chronological order. They play a significant role as ‘watchdog to watchdog’ (mainstream media) by providing information from many sources, revealing media bias and influencing opinion on a wide scale vision called ‘participatory media’. Sometimes, blogs disseminate first-hand reports and details which the mainstream media ignore or have too little preference or time to investigate. Nonetheless, blogs published by amateurs or individuals who are not associated with any media corporations are merely subjected to general laws such as defamation, sedition and many others, but they are currently notregulated by any specific regulatory regime. This uncertainty becomes more complicated as convergence and digital technology have facilitated journalists from the traditional print media to emulate and establish their presence in the blogosphere as well. And these professional bloggers who are directly attached to media establishments and have their blogs appeared on the companies’ websites are subjected to the rules and regulatory controls of the print media which is under the supervision of the Press Complaints Commission (the PCC). As such, this study seeks to highlight the importance and role of blogs in relation to journalism, to analyse the self-regulatory system of the PCC in connection with the governance of blogs in the UK and to evaluate the possibility of applying or extending relevant legal principles and standards to bloggers in the country.
title Bloggers as Amateur Journalists and Their Position under the Regulatory System of the Press in the UK
title_full Bloggers as Amateur Journalists and Their Position under the Regulatory System of the Press in the UK
title_fullStr Bloggers as Amateur Journalists and Their Position under the Regulatory System of the Press in the UK
title_full_unstemmed Bloggers as Amateur Journalists and Their Position under the Regulatory System of the Press in the UK
title_short Bloggers as Amateur Journalists and Their Position under the Regulatory System of the Press in the UK
title_sort bloggers as amateur journalists and their position under the regulatory system of the press in the uk