2026_White Blood Cells Hematology and Serum Metabolomics of The Induced Leukemia Mice Treated with Goniothalamin
| Format: | General Document |
|---|
| _version_ | 1860798363482456064 |
|---|---|
| building | INTELEK Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| collectionurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection8797 |
| copyright | Copyright©PWB2026 |
| country | Malaysia |
| date | 2025-09-16 |
| format | General Document |
| id | 17470 |
| institution | UniSZA |
| originalfilename | 17470_e5fe657a0e08b55.pdf |
| person | Siti Mariam Yaacob |
| recordtype | oai_dc |
| resourceurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=17470 |
| sourcemedia | Server storage Scanned document |
| spelling | 17470 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=17470 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection8797 General Document Malaysia Library Staff (Top Management) Library Staff (Management) Library Staff (Support) Terengganu Faculty of Bio-resources & Food Industry English application/pdf 1.5 Microsoft® Word 2013 Glutathione Public Access Server storage Scanned document Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Apoptosis Apoptosis Biomarkers 203 Dissertations, Academic Principal Component Analysis (PCA) 2025-09-16 Copyright©PWB2026 Thesis BALB/c mice Goniothalamin Goniothalamus Andersonii Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Siti Mariam Yaacob White Blood Cells Hematology Serum Metabolomics Styryl-Lactone Compound Leukemia-Induced Mice Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) WEHI-3B Cells NMR-Based Metabolomics Metabolic Phenotype Glutathione (GSH) Glycine Lactate Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) Natural Products Alternative Leukemia Therapy Leukemia—Animal models Leukemia—Treatment Hematology Lactic acid Plant extracts—Therapeutic use 2026_White Blood Cells Hematology and Serum Metabolomics of The Induced Leukemia Mice Treated with Goniothalamin Goniothalamin is a styryl-lactone compound isolated from the bark of Goniothalamus andersonii, which is locally known as ‘Serbah Semangun’. The in vitro efficacy of goniothalamin as an alternative drug for leukemia treatment has generated interest among natural product scientists. However, studies on goniothalamin treatment on the serum metabolites of induced leukemia mice in relation to hematology have been lacking. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of goniothalamin treatment on serum biochemicals, white blood cells (WBC) hematology, and metabolite profiles, as well as to identify the serum biomarkers and metabolic phenotype that respond to goniothalamin treatment in leukemia-induced BALB/c mice. The mice were categorized into normal mice (NM), leukemia mice (LM), vincristine-treated normal mice (NV), goniothalamin-treated normal mice (NG), vincristine-treated leukemia mice (VCN), and goniothalamin-treated leukemia mice (GTN) (n = 189). WEHI-3B leukemia cells (1.5 × 10⁵ cells/μL) were inoculated via the intraperitoneal route into the LM, VCN, and GTN groups on Day 0. The GTN group was treated with 40 mg goniothalamin per kg B.W. from Day 14 and every alternate day until Day 28. Spleen dimensions, blood smear morphology, as well as serum liver, kidney, and heart function parameters were analysed on Day 28. The serum metabolite profiles of Day 0, Day 14, and Day 28 were analysed using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. NMR-based metabolomics coupled with a chemometrics approach was used to determine the biomarkers and metabolic phenotype. This study’s findings revealed that the enlarged spleen in leukemia mice was reduced close to normal dimensions following goniothalamin treatment. Besides that, the serum biochemicals related to kidney and liver functions, including urea (8.43 ± 0.85 mmol/L), creatinine (20.33 ± 0.67 μmol/L), total bilirubin (1.78 ± 0.17 μmol/L), alanine transaminase (ALT) (65.33 ± 23.51 U/L), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (245.00 ± 36.17 U/L) of the GTN group, were found to be significantly different from the LM group. Furthermore, the peripheral blood of the GTN group contained a higher apoptotic index (35%) and was more potent in inducing apoptosis in leukemia cells compared to other groups. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) models on Day 0, Day 14, and Day 28 for the six treatment groups were generated to determine variations in the data. Based on the validated Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) model, glycine, glutathione, and lactate were successfully identified as potential biomarkers for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Goniothalamin was also found to decrease glycine and glutathione (GSH) levels, with increased lactate levels. Restricting the level of glycine would reduce the level of GSH synthesis. Inhibition of GSH metabolism is associated with the reduction of cancer cell progression. Thus, this study has provided important scientific insights into the potential of goniothalamin as an alternative medicine against leukemia, with specified biomarkers for monitoring purposes. uuid:83661f0e-9dff-4c4a-81d1-56986e7e668e 17470_e5fe657a0e08b55.pdf |
| spellingShingle | 2026_White Blood Cells Hematology and Serum Metabolomics of The Induced Leukemia Mice Treated with Goniothalamin |
| state | Terengganu |
| subject | Glutathione Apoptosis Dissertations, Academic Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Leukemia—Animal models Leukemia—Treatment Hematology Lactic acid Plant extracts—Therapeutic use |
| summary | Goniothalamin is a styryl-lactone compound isolated from the bark of Goniothalamus andersonii, which is locally known as ‘Serbah Semangun’. The in vitro efficacy of goniothalamin as an alternative drug for leukemia treatment has generated interest among natural product scientists. However, studies on goniothalamin treatment on the serum metabolites of induced leukemia mice in relation to hematology have been lacking. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of goniothalamin treatment on serum biochemicals, white blood cells (WBC) hematology, and metabolite profiles, as well as to identify the serum biomarkers and metabolic phenotype that respond to goniothalamin treatment in leukemia-induced BALB/c mice. The mice were categorized into normal mice (NM), leukemia mice (LM), vincristine-treated normal mice (NV), goniothalamin-treated normal mice (NG), vincristine-treated leukemia mice (VCN), and goniothalamin-treated leukemia mice (GTN) (n = 189). WEHI-3B leukemia cells (1.5 × 10⁵ cells/μL) were inoculated via the intraperitoneal route into the LM, VCN, and GTN groups on Day 0. The GTN group was treated with 40 mg goniothalamin per kg B.W. from Day 14 and every alternate day until Day 28. Spleen dimensions, blood smear morphology, as well as serum liver, kidney, and heart function parameters were analysed on Day 28. The serum metabolite profiles of Day 0, Day 14, and Day 28 were analysed using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. NMR-based metabolomics coupled with a chemometrics approach was used to determine the biomarkers and metabolic phenotype. This study’s findings revealed that the enlarged spleen in leukemia mice was reduced close to normal dimensions following goniothalamin treatment. Besides that, the serum biochemicals related to kidney and liver functions, including urea (8.43 ± 0.85 mmol/L), creatinine (20.33 ± 0.67 μmol/L), total bilirubin (1.78 ± 0.17 μmol/L), alanine transaminase (ALT) (65.33 ± 23.51 U/L), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (245.00 ± 36.17 U/L) of the GTN group, were found to be significantly different from the LM group. Furthermore, the peripheral blood of the GTN group contained a higher apoptotic index (35%) and was more potent in inducing apoptosis in leukemia cells compared to other groups. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) models on Day 0, Day 14, and Day 28 for the six treatment groups were generated to determine variations in the data. Based on the validated Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) model, glycine, glutathione, and lactate were successfully identified as potential biomarkers for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Goniothalamin was also found to decrease glycine and glutathione (GSH) levels, with increased lactate levels. Restricting the level of glycine would reduce the level of GSH synthesis. Inhibition of GSH metabolism is associated with the reduction of cancer cell progression. Thus, this study has provided important scientific insights into the potential of goniothalamin as an alternative medicine against leukemia, with specified biomarkers for monitoring purposes. |
| title | 2026_White Blood Cells Hematology and Serum Metabolomics of The Induced Leukemia Mice Treated with Goniothalamin |
| title_full | 2026_White Blood Cells Hematology and Serum Metabolomics of The Induced Leukemia Mice Treated with Goniothalamin |
| title_fullStr | 2026_White Blood Cells Hematology and Serum Metabolomics of The Induced Leukemia Mice Treated with Goniothalamin |
| title_full_unstemmed | 2026_White Blood Cells Hematology and Serum Metabolomics of The Induced Leukemia Mice Treated with Goniothalamin |
| title_short | 2026_White Blood Cells Hematology and Serum Metabolomics of The Induced Leukemia Mice Treated with Goniothalamin |
| title_sort | 2026_white blood cells hematology and serum metabolomics of the induced leukemia mice treated with goniothalamin |