2025_Effect Of Bee Bread On Female Reproductive System Of Adult Sprague Dawley Rats
| Format: | General Document |
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| _version_ | 1860798336357892096 |
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| building | INTELEK Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| collectionurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 |
| copyright | Copyright©PWB2025 |
| country | Malaysia |
| date | 2025-03-17 |
| format | General Document |
| id | 17328 |
| institution | UniSZA |
| originalfilename | EFFECT OF BEE BREAD ON FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF ADULT SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS (MASTER_2025).pdf |
| person | Nur Asma Shafiqa Kamaruddin |
| recordtype | oai_dc |
| resourceurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=17328 |
| sourcemedia | Server storage Scanned document |
| spelling | 17328 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=17328 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 General Document Malaysia Library Staff (Top Management) Library Staff (Management) Library Staff (Support) Terengganu Faculty of Bio-resources & Food Industry English application/pdf 1.4 Server storage Scanned document Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin UniSZA Private Access Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin 118 Copyright©PWB2025 Dissertations, Academic Pregnancy Outcomes Sprague Dawley rats Nur Asma Shafiqa Kamaruddin Bee bread Female reproductive system Oestrous cycle Reproductive organs Reproductive hormones Luteinizing hormone (LH) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Progesterone Estradiol Hormonal regulation Dietary supplementation Fertility Animal study Reproduction — Physiological aspects — Rats Rats — Sprague-Dawley — Physiology Female animals — Reproductive physiology Hormones — Effect on reproduction Fertility — Animal studies Dietary supplements — Physiological effect Pregnancy — Animal studies Estrous cycle — Rats 2025_Effect Of Bee Bread On Female Reproductive System Of Adult Sprague Dawley Rats 2025-03-17 Bee bread has gained popularity due to its high nutritional value, which includes essential amino acids and phenolics that may have potential in preventing such as pregnancy problems and diabetic. Despite, there has been lack of investigation into the impact of bee bread on the female reproductive system. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of bee bread supplementation on the reproductive system of female Sprague Dawley rats, including their oestrous cycle, weight of reproductive organs, pregnancy outcomes and regulation of reproductive hormone. In this study, a total of 24 mature female Sprague Dawley rats with an average body weight of 200-250 g were chosen. The rats were divided into four treatment groups (n=6/group), Control (C, 0 g of bee bread/kg), Treatment 1 (T1, 1 g of bee bread/kg), Treatment 2 (T2, 2 g of bee bread/kg), and Treatment 3 (T3, 3 g of bee bread/kg). Bee bread was dissolved in 1 ml distilled water and given to the rats through force-feeding using syringe and oral gavage needle over 28 days of treatment. The rats' oestrous cycle was observed every day. After 28 days of treatment, the female rats were paired with mature males at a 1:1 ratio to induce pregnancy. After delivery, pregnancy outcomes were observed, and the dams were humanely euthanized. The dams' reproductive organs were dissected and weighed. The gestation period of rats in T1 was significantly longer (p<0.05) compared to the control (22.5±0.17 and 21.7±0.31 days, respectively). The number of pups (13±1.03 and 9.0±0.87 pups), the length of the oestrous cycle were higher (7.0±0.55 and 5.0±0.19 days) compared to control, and the percentage of resorption was significantly lower (p<0.05) in T3 rats compared to the control (1.1±1.12% and 3.3±3.33%). Additionally, all rats supplemented with bee bread (T1, T2, and T3) showed significantly higher levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) (195.8±18.23 vs. 104.1±8.72 mIU/mL), progesterone (5.9±0.35 vs. 5.7±0.24 ng/mL), and estradiol (326.8±15.04 vs. 274.1±6.61 pg/mL) compared to the control group (p<0.05). However, the level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was lower in the T3 group compared to both the T1 and control groups (27.8±2.35 vs. 87.3±16.46 and 83.0±8.63 ng/mL, respectively). Despite these hormonal changes, the weight of the reproductive organs remained unaffected by the bee bread supplementation. According to the findings, administering bee bread at a dose of 1 g/kg body weight is probably linked with notable benefits for female reproductive health. However, while a greater quantity improved pregnancy results, it also caused alterations in the oestrous cycle, implying that a daily intake of more than 2 g/kg should be avoided. uuid:2d98e559-cbb8-4c09-824a-05111a90c165 macOS Version 15.3.1 (Build 24D70) Quartz PDFContext EFFECT OF BEE BREAD ON FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF ADULT SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS (MASTER_2025).pdf Thesis |
| spellingShingle | 2025_Effect Of Bee Bread On Female Reproductive System Of Adult Sprague Dawley Rats |
| state | Terengganu |
| subject | Dissertations, Academic Reproduction — Physiological aspects — Rats Rats — Sprague-Dawley — Physiology Female animals — Reproductive physiology Hormones — Effect on reproduction Fertility — Animal studies Dietary supplements — Physiological effect Pregnancy — Animal studies Estrous cycle — Rats |
| summary | Bee bread has gained popularity due to its high nutritional value, which includes essential amino acids and phenolics that may have potential in preventing such as pregnancy problems and diabetic. Despite, there has been lack of investigation into the impact of bee bread on the female reproductive system. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of bee bread supplementation on the reproductive system of female Sprague Dawley rats, including their oestrous cycle, weight of reproductive organs, pregnancy outcomes and regulation of reproductive hormone. In this study, a total of 24 mature female Sprague Dawley rats with an average body weight of 200-250 g were chosen. The rats were divided into four treatment groups (n=6/group), Control (C, 0 g of bee bread/kg), Treatment 1 (T1, 1 g of bee bread/kg), Treatment 2 (T2, 2 g of bee bread/kg), and Treatment 3 (T3, 3 g of bee bread/kg). Bee bread was dissolved in 1 ml distilled water and given to the rats through force-feeding using syringe and oral gavage needle over 28 days of treatment. The rats' oestrous cycle was observed every day. After 28 days of treatment, the female rats were paired with mature males at a 1:1 ratio to induce pregnancy. After delivery, pregnancy outcomes were observed, and the dams were humanely euthanized. The dams' reproductive organs were dissected and weighed. The gestation period of rats in T1 was significantly longer (p<0.05) compared to the control (22.5±0.17 and 21.7±0.31 days, respectively). The number of pups (13±1.03 and 9.0±0.87 pups), the length of the oestrous cycle were higher (7.0±0.55 and 5.0±0.19 days) compared to control, and the percentage of resorption was significantly lower (p<0.05) in T3 rats compared to the control (1.1±1.12% and 3.3±3.33%). Additionally, all rats supplemented with bee bread (T1, T2, and T3) showed significantly higher levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) (195.8±18.23 vs. 104.1±8.72 mIU/mL), progesterone (5.9±0.35 vs. 5.7±0.24 ng/mL), and estradiol (326.8±15.04 vs. 274.1±6.61 pg/mL) compared to the control group (p<0.05). However, the level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was lower in the T3 group compared to both the T1 and control groups (27.8±2.35 vs. 87.3±16.46 and 83.0±8.63 ng/mL, respectively). Despite these hormonal changes, the weight of the reproductive organs remained unaffected by the bee bread supplementation. According to the findings, administering bee bread at a dose of 1 g/kg body weight is probably linked with notable benefits for female reproductive health. However, while a greater quantity improved pregnancy results, it also caused alterations in the oestrous cycle, implying that a daily intake of more than 2 g/kg should be avoided. |
| title | 2025_Effect Of Bee Bread On Female Reproductive System Of Adult Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_full | 2025_Effect Of Bee Bread On Female Reproductive System Of Adult Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_fullStr | 2025_Effect Of Bee Bread On Female Reproductive System Of Adult Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | 2025_Effect Of Bee Bread On Female Reproductive System Of Adult Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_short | 2025_Effect Of Bee Bread On Female Reproductive System Of Adult Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_sort | 2025_effect of bee bread on female reproductive system of adult sprague dawley rats |