2024_Acute And Subacute Oral Toxicity Study Of Aquilaria Malaccensis Leaves Aqueous Extract On Adult Female Sprague Dawley Rats
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| collectionurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 |
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| country | Malaysia |
| date | 2024-09-02 |
| format | General Document |
| id | 17325 |
| institution | UniSZA |
| originalfilename | ACUTE AND SUBACUTE ORAL TOXICITY STUDY OF Aquilaria malaccensis LEAVES AQUEOUS EXTRACT ON ADULT FEMALE SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS (MASTER_2024).pdf |
| person | Nurul Amalina Mohamad Nasir |
| recordtype | oai_dc |
| resourceurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=17325 |
| sourcemedia | Server storage Scanned document |
| spelling | 17325 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=17325 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 General Document Malaysia Library Staff (Top Management) Library Staff (Management) Library Staff (Support) Terengganu Faculty of Bio-resources & Food Industry English application/pdf 1.5 157 Microsoft® Word 2013 Server storage Scanned document Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin UniSZA Private Access Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Copyright©PWB2025 Dissertations, Academic Traditional Medicine Nurul Amalina Mohamad Nasir Aquilaria malaccensis AM leaves extract Toxicological profile Nutritional analysis Phytochemical screening Acute toxicity Subacute toxicity Organ weight changes Sprague Dawley rats Herbal safety Proximate analysis Female reproductive organs Behavioural assessment Liver and kidney histology Aquilaria malaccensis — Toxicology Medicinal plants — Toxicological testing Herbs — Safety assessment Phytochemistry Rats — Physiology — Testing Toxicity testing — Methodology Traditional medicine — Evaluation Plant extracts — Pharmacological properties Experimental animals — Laboratory use 2024_Acute And Subacute Oral Toxicity Study Of Aquilaria Malaccensis Leaves Aqueous Extract On Adult Female Sprague Dawley Rats 2024-09-02 The leaves of Aquilaria malaccensis (AM) have been utilized by the community in various forms, such as ointments, herbal drinks, and traditional medicines, due to their abundant antioxidants and diverse pharmacological activities. Despite its numerous benefits, there is a lack of recent data regarding the leaves’ toxicology profile and nutritional content. It is expected that herbal toxicity might occur if the extract is consumed in high doses for a prolonged period. The administration of AM leaves extract is anticipated to impact the physical and behavioral conditions, growth performance, and organ physiology in adult female rats. Therefore, this study, conducted to provide up-to-date information on nutrition and phytochemical presence, as well as to assess the effects of AM leaves aqueous extract administration on adult female rats through acute and subacute evaluations, aims to bridge these knowledge gaps. Before the supplementation process, the proximate analysis and qualitative phytochemical screening of AM leaves were performed to assess the levels of macromolecules content and the presence of phytochemical compounds that might cause toxicity to the treated rats. Twenty-four adult female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned (n=6 per group) into four treatment groups, C (1 ml distilled water), T1 (1 g/kg of AM), T2 (2 g/kg of AM), and T3 (3 g/kg of AM). Test materials were given via oral gavage. A single dose of AM leaves extract was administered (on Day 1) for acute study, while a daily dose was administered until Day 28 for subacute study. All animals were euthanized on Day 15 (acute) and Day 29 (subacute). The physical and behavioural assessment, growth performance parameters, and relative organs’ weight (liver, lung, kidney, heart, uterus, ovary, adrenal gland) were measured. Histology assessments were conducted on microscopic cases of liver and kidney. The proximate analysis of AM leaves contains carbohydrate content (37.99%±0.41), moisture content (27.49%±0.67), crude fibre (22.15%±0.59), crude protein (8.66%±0.74), ash (2.45%±0.52), and crude fat (1.27%±0.34). The phytochemical screening resulted in the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, terpenoids, and steroids. Acute study resulted in a significant increase in the mean weight of the ovary in T2 (0.033±0.0019%) and T3 (0.033±0.0022%) groups when compared to control group (0.020±0.0032%). The subacute study showed that 16.67% of the animals in T3 group portrayed a rapid circular motion after the extract administration. A significant increase in the mean weight of the liver for T2 (4.188±0.075%) was also observed when compared to control group (3.953±0.121%). A significant increase in mean weight of uterus was observed in T3 (0.197±0.014%) when compared to control group (0.147±0.003%). This study has provided recent data on toxicological profile and nutritional content of AM leaves. This study depicted that the doses of the extract were relatively safe to be taken orally in acute study, while the usage of daily AM extract at higher doses should be consumed carefully, as the result has shown the negative pattern and the alteration in organ weight. It is advisable that the extract only be used occasionally and is unsuitable to be used on a daily basis at doses exceeding 3 g/kg as shown in the subacute study conducted. uuid:4d3c9f04-81bc-4e8c-bd8d-957b460cffcd ACUTE AND SUBACUTE ORAL TOXICITY STUDY OF Aquilaria malaccensis LEAVES AQUEOUS EXTRACT ON ADULT FEMALE SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS (MASTER_2024).pdf Thesis |
| spellingShingle | 2024_Acute And Subacute Oral Toxicity Study Of Aquilaria Malaccensis Leaves Aqueous Extract On Adult Female Sprague Dawley Rats |
| state | Terengganu |
| subject | Dissertations, Academic Aquilaria malaccensis — Toxicology Medicinal plants — Toxicological testing Herbs — Safety assessment Phytochemistry Rats — Physiology — Testing Toxicity testing — Methodology Traditional medicine — Evaluation Plant extracts — Pharmacological properties Experimental animals — Laboratory use |
| summary | The leaves of Aquilaria malaccensis (AM) have been utilized by the community in various forms, such as ointments, herbal drinks, and traditional medicines, due to their abundant antioxidants and diverse pharmacological activities. Despite its numerous benefits, there is a lack of recent data regarding the leaves’ toxicology profile and nutritional content. It is expected that herbal toxicity might occur if the extract is consumed in high doses for a prolonged period. The administration of AM leaves extract is anticipated to impact the physical and behavioral conditions, growth performance, and organ physiology in adult female rats. Therefore, this study, conducted to provide up-to-date information on nutrition and phytochemical presence, as well as to assess the effects of AM leaves aqueous extract administration on adult female rats through acute and subacute evaluations, aims to bridge these knowledge gaps. Before the supplementation process, the proximate analysis and qualitative phytochemical screening of AM leaves were performed to assess the levels of macromolecules content and the presence of phytochemical compounds that might cause toxicity to the treated rats. Twenty-four adult female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned (n=6 per group) into four treatment groups, C (1 ml distilled water), T1 (1 g/kg of AM), T2 (2 g/kg of AM), and T3 (3 g/kg of AM). Test materials were given via oral gavage. A single dose of AM leaves extract was administered (on Day 1) for acute study, while a daily dose was administered until Day 28 for subacute study. All animals were euthanized on Day 15 (acute) and Day 29 (subacute). The physical and behavioural assessment, growth performance parameters, and relative organs’ weight (liver, lung, kidney, heart, uterus, ovary, adrenal gland) were measured. Histology assessments were conducted on microscopic cases of liver and kidney. The proximate analysis of AM leaves contains carbohydrate content (37.99%±0.41), moisture content (27.49%±0.67), crude fibre (22.15%±0.59), crude protein (8.66%±0.74), ash (2.45%±0.52), and crude fat (1.27%±0.34). The phytochemical screening resulted in the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, terpenoids, and steroids. Acute study resulted in a significant increase in the mean weight of the ovary in T2 (0.033±0.0019%) and T3 (0.033±0.0022%) groups when compared to control group (0.020±0.0032%). The subacute study showed that 16.67% of the animals in T3 group portrayed a rapid circular motion after the extract administration. A significant increase in the mean weight of the liver for T2 (4.188±0.075%) was also observed when compared to control group (3.953±0.121%). A significant increase in mean weight of uterus was observed in T3 (0.197±0.014%) when compared to control group (0.147±0.003%). This study has provided recent data on toxicological profile and nutritional content of AM leaves. This study depicted that the doses of the extract were relatively safe to be taken orally in acute study, while the usage of daily AM extract at higher doses should be consumed carefully, as the result has shown the negative pattern and the alteration in organ weight. It is advisable that the extract only be used occasionally and is unsuitable to be used on a daily basis at doses exceeding 3 g/kg as shown in the subacute study conducted. |
| title | 2024_Acute And Subacute Oral Toxicity Study Of Aquilaria Malaccensis Leaves Aqueous Extract On Adult Female Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_full | 2024_Acute And Subacute Oral Toxicity Study Of Aquilaria Malaccensis Leaves Aqueous Extract On Adult Female Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_fullStr | 2024_Acute And Subacute Oral Toxicity Study Of Aquilaria Malaccensis Leaves Aqueous Extract On Adult Female Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | 2024_Acute And Subacute Oral Toxicity Study Of Aquilaria Malaccensis Leaves Aqueous Extract On Adult Female Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_short | 2024_Acute And Subacute Oral Toxicity Study Of Aquilaria Malaccensis Leaves Aqueous Extract On Adult Female Sprague Dawley Rats |
| title_sort | 2024_acute and subacute oral toxicity study of aquilaria malaccensis leaves aqueous extract on adult female sprague dawley rats |