2020_The Effect of Nigella Sativa Linn on cAMP & MU-OPIOID Receptor Protein Levels in Morphine-Treated U-87 MG Cell Line
| Format: | General Document |
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| collectionurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 |
| copyright | Copyright©PWB2025 |
| country | Malaysia |
| date | 2020-02-03 |
| format | General Document |
| id | 15522 |
| institution | UniSZA |
| internalnotes | Sila masukkan subject wajib Dissertations, Academic. Terima kasih... |
| originalfilename | THE EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA LINN ON cAMP & MU-OPIOID RECEPTOR PROTEIN LEVELS IN MORPHINE-TREATED U-87 MG CELL LINE (MASTER_2020).pdf |
| person | Nor Zidah Binti Ahmad |
| recordtype | oai_dc |
| resourceurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=15522 |
| sourcemedia | Server storage Scanned document |
| spelling | 15522 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=15522 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 General Document Malaysia Library Staff (Top Management) Library Staff (Management) Library Staff (Support) Terengganu Faculty of Medicine English application/pdf 1.5 158 Server storage Scanned document Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin UniSZA Private Access Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin SAMBox 2.3.4; modified using iTextSharp™ 5.5.10 ©2000-2016 iText Group NV (AGPL-version) THE EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA LINN ON cAMP & MU-OPIOID RECEPTOR PROTEIN LEVELS IN MORPHINE-TREATED U-87 MG CELL LINE (MASTER_2020).pdf Nor Zidah Binti Ahmad MU-Opioid receptors—Research Nigella Sativa Linn cAMP (Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate) MU-Opioid Receptors 2020_The Effect of Nigella Sativa Linn on cAMP & MU-OPIOID Receptor Protein Levels in Morphine-Treated U-87 MG Cell Line Copyright©PWB2025 2020-02-03 Dissertations, Academic Sila masukkan subject wajib Dissertations, Academic. Terima kasih... Prolonged use of opioid will cause physical dependence to an individual, while abrupt termination of opioid or the administration of an antagonist lead to the symptoms of withdrawal. Physical dependence is manifested by the occurrence of withdrawal sign and symptoms such as the increase in the concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level, following chronic exposure to morphine. Nowadays, many opioid substitution therapies exist aiming to treat opioid dependence, where the main purpose of these therapies is to control withdrawal symptoms. Unfortunately, the efficacy is still inadequate to treat withdrawal episode of opioid dependence. Therefore, researchers are bound to seek and explore for a non-opiate treatment for opioid dependence. One of the trending plant is Nigella sativa Linn. Nigella sativa seed is known to be widely studied for its biological activities and therapeutic properties. However, there is still lack of study of Nigella sativa in providing scientific information for its use as a non-opioid substitution therapy. Therefore, our present study was aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity effects of Nigella sativa extracts on U-87 MG cell lines in determining the effective dose for treatment, the effects of Nigella sativa extracts on the Mu-opioid receptor (MOR) protein levels and the effect of optimum Nigella sativa extracts on the cAMP protein level after long-term treatment of morphine in U-87 MG cell lines. Nigella sativa was extracted with dichloromethane (NS.DCM), n-hexane (NS.HEX) and ethanol (NS.ETOH) by using solvent-extraction method and later dried with rotary evaporator to obtain its crude extract. Next, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was done to determine the optimum dose for cytotoxic effects of morphine and Nigella sativa extracts on the cells. Changes in MOR and cAMP protein concentration levels in response to various treatments were determined by using commercially available cAMP enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) kits. The results obtained showed that Nigella sativa extracts presented a lower cytotoxicity on cells compared to morphine given by their higher inhibitory concentration (IC50) values. Data obtained indicated that 15 µg/mL morphine, 10 µg/mL methadone, 10 µg/mL of NS.DCM, 15 µg/mL of NS.HEX and NS.ETOH extracts yielded an optimum cAMP contents. Co-treatment of 15 µg/mL of morphine and 10 µg/mL of NS.DCM significance decrease the level of cAMP and increase MOR protein concentration after 6 hours. Thus, these findings suggest that Nigella sativa extracts may have a complement effect in reducing the physical dependence on morphine addiction pathway via the reduce of cAMP overshoot and the increase of MOR protein concentration. Thesis |
| spellingShingle | 2020_The Effect of Nigella Sativa Linn on cAMP & MU-OPIOID Receptor Protein Levels in Morphine-Treated U-87 MG Cell Line |
| state | Terengganu |
| subject | MU-Opioid receptors—Research Dissertations, Academic |
| summary | Prolonged use of opioid will cause physical dependence to an individual, while abrupt termination of opioid or the administration of an antagonist lead to the symptoms of withdrawal. Physical dependence is manifested by the occurrence of withdrawal sign and symptoms such as the increase in the concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level, following chronic exposure to morphine. Nowadays, many opioid substitution therapies exist aiming to treat opioid dependence, where the main purpose of these therapies is to control withdrawal symptoms. Unfortunately, the efficacy is still inadequate to treat withdrawal episode of opioid dependence. Therefore, researchers are bound to seek and explore for a non-opiate treatment for opioid dependence. One of the trending plant is Nigella sativa Linn. Nigella sativa seed is known to be widely studied for its biological activities and therapeutic properties. However, there is still lack of study of Nigella sativa in providing scientific information for its use as a non-opioid substitution therapy. Therefore, our present study was aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity effects of Nigella sativa extracts on U-87 MG cell lines in determining the effective dose for treatment, the effects of Nigella sativa extracts on the Mu-opioid receptor (MOR) protein levels and the effect of optimum Nigella sativa extracts on the cAMP protein level after long-term treatment of morphine in U-87 MG cell lines. Nigella sativa was extracted with dichloromethane (NS.DCM), n-hexane (NS.HEX) and ethanol (NS.ETOH) by using solvent-extraction method and later dried with rotary evaporator to obtain its crude extract. Next, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was done to determine the optimum dose for cytotoxic effects of morphine and Nigella sativa extracts on the cells. Changes in MOR and cAMP protein concentration levels in response to various treatments were determined by using commercially available cAMP enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) kits. The results obtained showed that Nigella sativa extracts presented a lower cytotoxicity on cells compared to morphine given by their higher inhibitory concentration (IC50) values. Data obtained indicated that 15 µg/mL morphine, 10 µg/mL methadone, 10 µg/mL of NS.DCM, 15 µg/mL of NS.HEX and NS.ETOH extracts yielded an optimum cAMP contents. Co-treatment of 15 µg/mL of morphine and 10 µg/mL of NS.DCM significance decrease the level of cAMP and increase MOR protein concentration after 6 hours. Thus, these findings suggest that Nigella sativa extracts may have a complement effect in reducing the physical dependence on morphine addiction pathway via the reduce of cAMP overshoot and the increase of MOR protein concentration. |
| title | 2020_The Effect of Nigella Sativa Linn on cAMP & MU-OPIOID Receptor Protein Levels in Morphine-Treated U-87 MG Cell Line |
| title_full | 2020_The Effect of Nigella Sativa Linn on cAMP & MU-OPIOID Receptor Protein Levels in Morphine-Treated U-87 MG Cell Line |
| title_fullStr | 2020_The Effect of Nigella Sativa Linn on cAMP & MU-OPIOID Receptor Protein Levels in Morphine-Treated U-87 MG Cell Line |
| title_full_unstemmed | 2020_The Effect of Nigella Sativa Linn on cAMP & MU-OPIOID Receptor Protein Levels in Morphine-Treated U-87 MG Cell Line |
| title_short | 2020_The Effect of Nigella Sativa Linn on cAMP & MU-OPIOID Receptor Protein Levels in Morphine-Treated U-87 MG Cell Line |
| title_sort | 2020_the effect of nigella sativa linn on camp & mu-opioid receptor protein levels in morphine-treated u-87 mg cell line |