2019_Knowledge and Attitude Toward Cigarette Smoking and its Effect on Blood Cells Count and Homocysteine Levels Among International Male Postgraduate Students in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
| Format: | General Document |
|---|
| _version_ | 1860798017350664192 |
|---|---|
| building | INTELEK Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| collectionurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 |
| copyright | Copyright©PWB2025 |
| country | Malaysia |
| date | 2019-10-10 |
| format | General Document |
| id | 15489 |
| institution | UniSZA |
| internalnotes | Sila masukkan subject wajib Dissertations, Academic. Terima kasih... |
| originalfilename | KNOWLE~1.PDF |
| person | Amer Jamil Mahmoud Al-Zeer |
| recordtype | oai_dc |
| resourceurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=15489 |
| sourcemedia | Server storage Scanned document |
| spelling | 15489 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=15489 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 General Document Malaysia Library Staff (Top Management) Library Staff (Management) Library Staff (Support) Terengganu Faculty of Medicine English application/pdf 1.5 Server storage Scanned document Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin UniSZA Private Access Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin SAMBox 2.3.4; modified using iTextSharp™ 5.5.10 ©2000-2016 iText Group NV (AGPL-version) 170 KNOWLE~1.PDF 2019_Knowledge and Attitude Toward Cigarette Smoking and its Effect on Blood Cells Count and Homocysteine Levels Among International Male Postgraduate Students in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) Copyright©PWB2025 Amer Jamil Mahmoud Al-Zeer 2019-10-10 Smoking—Physiological aspects Cigarette Smoking Homocysteine Levels Blood Cell Count Problem Statement: Globally, cigarette smoking is one of the major public health problems and the main risk factor for many diseases. Prevalence of smoking amongst university students in Malaysia varies according to a constellation of factors that include the knowledge and attitude. The regulation of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) is influenced by multiple factors; cigarette smoking may increase Hcy levels which increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, cigarette smoking has acute and chronic effects on hematological parameters that affect health-related conditions. Examination of such biomarkers provides a greater understanding of the relationship between smoking and hematological parameters as well as Hcy levels. There is a need to improve the current efforts aimed to reduce cigarette smoking consumption to the barest minimum among university students. Hence the aim of the present study was to understand UniSZA international male postgraduate student’s knowledge and attitude toward cigarette smoking, as well as to assess the extent of its adverse effects on blood cells count and Hcy levels in healthy smokers compared with non-smokers. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out through self-administered questionnaires on 222 samples out of the 506 international male postgraduate student populations to assess the respondent’s knowledge and attitude toward cigarette smoking. Thereafter, blood samples were obtained from a total of 51 smokers and 51 non-smokers respondents’ to estimate the plasma Hcy levels, as well as hematological parameters which include hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, white blood cells (WBC) and platelets (PLT) count, using competitive-ELISA detection method and fully automatic hematological analyzer Sysmex KX-21N, respectively. Results: Study found that 45.05% of 222 respondents were smokers, while the remaining 122 (54.95%) were non-smokers. This study found that there was no significant difference in knowledge regarding cigarette smoking among smokers and non-smokers of UniSZA international male postgraduate students (p > 0.05). Moreover, this study found that there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the attitude toward cigarette smoking among smokers and non-smokers of UniSZA international male postgraduate students. Furthermore, the results of hematological parameter show that smokers had significantly higher Hb concentrations (p<0.001) and WBC counts (p<0.001) compared to non-smokers. Whereas, there was no significant difference on the PLT counts (p > 0.05) between smokers and non-smokers. This study also found significantly increase (p<0.05) in Hcy levels among smoker compared to non smokers. Conclusion: This study revealed that there was both negative attitudes that encourage smoking and positive attitudes that discourage smoking exist among the respondents and greatly influenced by the smoking status of people around them which can affect their behavior. It also came to light that knowledge alone cannot deter students from smoking, irrespective to their knowledge about the effect of cigarette smoking. Meanwhile, this study established that cigarette smoking has severe adverse effects on haematological parameters and Hcy levels, and these alterations might be associated with a greater risk for cause morbidity and mortality. This study also verifies the need to initiate anti-smoking programs and smoking cessation clinic in UniSZA. Dissertations, Academic Sila masukkan subject wajib Dissertations, Academic. Terima kasih... Thesis |
| spellingShingle | 2019_Knowledge and Attitude Toward Cigarette Smoking and its Effect on Blood Cells Count and Homocysteine Levels Among International Male Postgraduate Students in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) |
| state | Terengganu |
| subject | Smoking—Physiological aspects Dissertations, Academic |
| summary | Problem Statement: Globally, cigarette smoking is one of the major public health problems and the main risk factor for many diseases. Prevalence of smoking amongst university students in Malaysia varies according to a constellation of factors that include the knowledge and attitude. The regulation of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) is influenced by multiple factors; cigarette smoking may increase Hcy levels which increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, cigarette smoking has acute and chronic effects on hematological parameters that affect health-related conditions. Examination of such biomarkers provides a greater understanding of the relationship between smoking and hematological parameters as well as Hcy levels. There is a need to improve the current efforts aimed to reduce cigarette smoking consumption to the barest minimum among university students. Hence the aim of the present study was to understand UniSZA international male postgraduate student’s knowledge and attitude toward cigarette smoking, as well as to assess the extent of its adverse effects on blood cells count and Hcy levels in healthy smokers compared with non-smokers. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out through self-administered questionnaires on 222 samples out of the 506 international male postgraduate student populations to assess the respondent’s knowledge and attitude toward cigarette smoking. Thereafter, blood samples were obtained from a total of 51 smokers and 51 non-smokers respondents’ to estimate the plasma Hcy levels, as well as hematological parameters which include hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, white blood cells (WBC) and platelets (PLT) count, using competitive-ELISA detection method and fully automatic hematological analyzer Sysmex KX-21N, respectively. Results: Study found that 45.05% of 222 respondents were smokers, while the remaining 122 (54.95%) were non-smokers. This study found that there was no significant difference in knowledge regarding cigarette smoking among smokers and non-smokers of UniSZA international male postgraduate students (p > 0.05). Moreover, this study found that there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the attitude toward cigarette smoking among smokers and non-smokers of UniSZA international male postgraduate students. Furthermore, the results of hematological parameter show that smokers had significantly higher Hb concentrations (p<0.001) and WBC counts (p<0.001) compared to non-smokers. Whereas, there was no significant difference on the PLT counts (p > 0.05) between smokers and non-smokers. This study also found significantly increase (p<0.05) in Hcy levels among smoker compared to non smokers. Conclusion: This study revealed that there was both negative attitudes that encourage smoking and positive attitudes that discourage smoking exist among the respondents and greatly influenced by the smoking status of people around them which can affect their behavior. It also came to light that knowledge alone cannot deter students from smoking, irrespective to their knowledge about the effect of cigarette smoking. Meanwhile, this study established that cigarette smoking has severe adverse effects on haematological parameters and Hcy levels, and these alterations might be associated with a greater risk for cause morbidity and mortality. This study also verifies the need to initiate anti-smoking programs and smoking cessation clinic in UniSZA. |
| title | 2019_Knowledge and Attitude Toward Cigarette Smoking and its Effect on Blood Cells Count and Homocysteine Levels Among International Male Postgraduate Students in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) |
| title_full | 2019_Knowledge and Attitude Toward Cigarette Smoking and its Effect on Blood Cells Count and Homocysteine Levels Among International Male Postgraduate Students in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) |
| title_fullStr | 2019_Knowledge and Attitude Toward Cigarette Smoking and its Effect on Blood Cells Count and Homocysteine Levels Among International Male Postgraduate Students in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) |
| title_full_unstemmed | 2019_Knowledge and Attitude Toward Cigarette Smoking and its Effect on Blood Cells Count and Homocysteine Levels Among International Male Postgraduate Students in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) |
| title_short | 2019_Knowledge and Attitude Toward Cigarette Smoking and its Effect on Blood Cells Count and Homocysteine Levels Among International Male Postgraduate Students in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) |
| title_sort | 2019_knowledge and attitude toward cigarette smoking and its effect on blood cells count and homocysteine levels among international male postgraduate students in universiti sultan zainal abidin (unisza) |