2021_Antiseptic Resistance, Biofilm-Forming Capabilities and Distribution of Their Associated Genetic Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Terengganu
| Format: | General Document |
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| building | INTELEK Repository |
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| collectionurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 |
| copyright | Copyright©PWB2025 |
| country | Malaysia |
| date | 2021-10-10 |
| format | General Document |
| id | 15399 |
| institution | UniSZA |
| internalnotes | Sila masukkan subject wajib Dissertations, Academic. Terima kasih... |
| originalfilename | ANTISE~1.PDF |
| person | Muhammad Harith Bin Nor Ashimi |
| recordtype | oai_dc |
| resourceurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=15399 |
| sourcemedia | Server storage Scanned document |
| spelling | 15399 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=15399 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 General Document Malaysia Library Staff (Top Management) Library Staff (Management) Library Staff (Support) Terengganu Faculty of Medicine English application/pdf 1.5 Server storage Scanned document Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin UniSZA Private Access Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin SAMBox 2.3.4; modified using iTextSharp™ 5.5.10 ©2000-2016 iText Group NV (AGPL-version) 146 ANTISE~1.PDF 2021_Antiseptic Resistance, Biofilm-Forming Capabilities and Distribution of Their Associated Genetic Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Terengganu Muhammad Harith Bin Nor Ashimi Acinetobacter baumannii—Research Antiseptic Resistance Infectious Diseases 2021-10-10 Copyright©PWB2025 Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative coccobacilli bacterium that predominantly causes nosocomial infections and has the capacity to acquire and develop resistance to all classes of antimicrobial compounds. This has led the World Health Organisation (WHO) to categorise carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii as a critical priority pathogen. The increased usage of antiseptics and disinfectants in hospitals to contain the problem of nosocomial infections has led to concerns on the development and spread of antiseptic resistance genes. The ability of A. baumannii to form biofilms contributes to its pathogenicity as well as resistance towards antimicrobials. In contrast to antibiotic resistance, little is known regarding the susceptibilities of A. baumannii clinical isolates towards antiseptics and their capabilities to form biofilms, particularly for Malaysian isolates. This study thus aimed to determine the susceptibility of A. baumannii hospital isolates from Terengganu towards commonly used antiseptics, investigate their capabilities to form biofilms, and determine the distribution of antiseptic resistance and biofilm-associated genes in these isolates. One hundred retrospective A. baumannii isolates obtained from Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah (HSNZ), the main tertiary hospital in Terengganu, were used in this study. The isolates were obtained in the years 2011 (n = 6), 2012 (n = 14), 2015 (n = 30) and 2016 (n = 50). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the A. baumannii isolates for the antiseptics benzalkonium chloride (BZK), benzethonium chloride (BZT) and chlorhexidine gluconate (CLX) were determined by broth microdilution. The ability of the isolates to form biofilms were examined spectrophotometrically in 96-well microplates and categorised appropriately. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine the carriage of antiseptic resistance genes qacA, qacE and qacΔE1 as well as the biofilm associated genes bap and abaI. Higher MIC values for CLX (>50 µg/mL) were found in majority of the A. baumannii isolates (43%) as compared to BZK (5% of the isolates for MIC > 50 µg/mL) and BZT (9% for MIC > 50 µg/mL). The predominant antiseptic resistance genes found in the HSNZ A. baumannii isolates were qacΔE1 (63%) followed by qacE (28%) whereas qacA was not detected in any of the isolates. Biofilm-forming capabilities varied among the isolates with most categorised as moderate (51%) and weak (45%), with only a minority (4%) categorised as strong biofilm producers. Nevertheless, all isolates harboured the biofilm-associated genes bap and abaI. Higher occurrence of the qacΔE1 gene as compared to qacE was observed in the Terengganu A. baumannii isolates although no correlation was found with the MIC values for the antiseptics tested in this study. The presence of the biofilm-associated genes bap and abaI in all A. baumannii isolates confirmed the capability of this bacteria to produce biofilms, albeit in varying categories, and their capacity to survive in the harsh hospital environment. Continuous and strict monitoring of antiseptic use, besides antibiotic use, is therefore necessary to mitigate and contain the development and spread of antiseptic resistance which would complicate and increase the cost of treatment and disinfection for A. baumannii in our local hospitals. Dissertations, Academic Sila masukkan subject wajib Dissertations, Academic. Terima kasih... Acinetobacter Baumannii Thesis |
| spellingShingle | 2021_Antiseptic Resistance, Biofilm-Forming Capabilities and Distribution of Their Associated Genetic Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Terengganu |
| state | Terengganu |
| subject | Acinetobacter baumannii—Research Dissertations, Academic |
| summary | Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative coccobacilli bacterium that predominantly causes nosocomial infections and has the capacity to acquire and develop resistance to all classes of antimicrobial compounds. This has led the World Health Organisation (WHO) to categorise carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii as a critical priority pathogen. The increased usage of antiseptics and disinfectants in hospitals to contain the problem of nosocomial infections has led to concerns on the development and spread of antiseptic resistance genes. The ability of A. baumannii to form biofilms contributes to its pathogenicity as well as resistance towards antimicrobials. In contrast to antibiotic resistance, little is known regarding the susceptibilities of A. baumannii clinical isolates towards antiseptics and their capabilities to form biofilms, particularly for Malaysian isolates. This study thus aimed to determine the susceptibility of A. baumannii hospital isolates from Terengganu towards commonly used antiseptics, investigate their capabilities to form biofilms, and determine the distribution of antiseptic resistance and biofilm-associated genes in these isolates. One hundred retrospective A. baumannii isolates obtained from Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah (HSNZ), the main tertiary hospital in Terengganu, were used in this study. The isolates were obtained in the years 2011 (n = 6), 2012 (n = 14), 2015 (n = 30) and 2016 (n = 50). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the A. baumannii isolates for the antiseptics benzalkonium chloride (BZK), benzethonium chloride (BZT) and chlorhexidine gluconate (CLX) were determined by broth microdilution. The ability of the isolates to form biofilms were examined spectrophotometrically in 96-well microplates and categorised appropriately. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine the carriage of antiseptic resistance genes qacA, qacE and qacΔE1 as well as the biofilm associated genes bap and abaI. Higher MIC values for CLX (>50 µg/mL) were found in majority of the A. baumannii isolates (43%) as compared to BZK (5% of the isolates for MIC > 50 µg/mL) and BZT (9% for MIC > 50 µg/mL). The predominant antiseptic resistance genes found in the HSNZ A. baumannii isolates were qacΔE1 (63%) followed by qacE (28%) whereas qacA was not detected in any of the isolates. Biofilm-forming capabilities varied among the isolates with most categorised as moderate (51%) and weak (45%), with only a minority (4%) categorised as strong biofilm producers. Nevertheless, all isolates harboured the biofilm-associated genes bap and abaI. Higher occurrence of the qacΔE1 gene as compared to qacE was observed in the Terengganu A. baumannii isolates although no correlation was found with the MIC values for the antiseptics tested in this study. The presence of the biofilm-associated genes bap and abaI in all A. baumannii isolates confirmed the capability of this bacteria to produce biofilms, albeit in varying categories, and their capacity to survive in the harsh hospital environment. Continuous and strict monitoring of antiseptic use, besides antibiotic use, is therefore necessary to mitigate and contain the development and spread of antiseptic resistance which would complicate and increase the cost of treatment and disinfection for A. baumannii in our local hospitals. |
| title | 2021_Antiseptic Resistance, Biofilm-Forming Capabilities and Distribution of Their Associated Genetic Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Terengganu |
| title_full | 2021_Antiseptic Resistance, Biofilm-Forming Capabilities and Distribution of Their Associated Genetic Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Terengganu |
| title_fullStr | 2021_Antiseptic Resistance, Biofilm-Forming Capabilities and Distribution of Their Associated Genetic Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Terengganu |
| title_full_unstemmed | 2021_Antiseptic Resistance, Biofilm-Forming Capabilities and Distribution of Their Associated Genetic Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Terengganu |
| title_short | 2021_Antiseptic Resistance, Biofilm-Forming Capabilities and Distribution of Their Associated Genetic Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Terengganu |
| title_sort | 2021_antiseptic resistance, biofilm-forming capabilities and distribution of their associated genetic determinants in clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii from terengganu |