2018_Measuring The Night Sky Brightness Using SQM: A Comparative Study Between Nigeria and Malaysia Using Environmetric Techniques
| Format: | General Document |
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| _version_ | 1860797990486147072 |
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| building | INTELEK Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| collectionurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 |
| copyright | Copyright©PWB2025 |
| country | Malaysia |
| date | 2018-07-30 16:54 |
| format | General Document |
| id | 15326 |
| institution | UniSZA |
| originalfilename | MEASURING THE NIGHT SKY BRIGHTNESS USING SQM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN NIGERIA AND MALAYSIA USING ENVIRONMETRIC TECHNIQUES |
| person | PDFsam Basic v4.2.10 Musa Garba Abdullahi |
| recordtype | oai_dc |
| resourceurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=15326 |
| sourcemedia | Server storage Scanned document |
| spelling | 15326 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=15326 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 General Document Malaysia Library Staff (Top Management) Library Staff (Management) Library Staff (Support) Terengganu English UniSZA East Coast Environmental Research Institute application/pdf 1.5 PDFsam Basic v4.2.10 Malaysia Nigeria Server storage Scanned document Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin UniSZA Private Access Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin SAMBox 2.3.4; modified using iTextSharp™ 5.5.10 ©2000-2016 iText Group NV (AGPL-version) 2018-07-30 16:54 MEASURING THE NIGHT SKY BRIGHTNESS USING SQM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN NIGERIA AND MALAYSIA USING ENVIRONMETRIC TECHNIQUES 303 2018_Measuring The Night Sky Brightness Using SQM: A Comparative Study Between Nigeria and Malaysia Using Environmetric Techniques Copyright©PWB2025 Musa Garba Abdullahi The Night Sky Brightness SQM Comparative Study Environmetric Techniques Light pollution—Measurement Sky brightness—Measurement Night—Environmental aspects Astronomical photometry Environmental monitoring—Mathematical models Environmetrics Light pollution—Nigeria Light pollution—Malaysia Urban lighting—Environmental aspects Night skies—Measurement High anthropogenic activities are rapidly increasing nowadays. It is assumed to have global implications which are not only affecting astronomy and their observational activities. It also has adverse effect to the environment. In Malaysia, high anthropogenic activities rapidly increase above the standard of the threshold values especially regarding the lighting sources. Likewise, in Nigeria, even though some areas still existed were in a dark region especially to those staying in remote locations. This light pollution increases due to the large growth of industries, residential, commercial uses and other sources such as street lighting in urban and semi-urban areas, which can make the night sky brightness in the area above the threshold set for polluted status. The study measures the night sky brightness at the most densely populated urban centres of Nigeria and Peninsular Malaysia to estimate and quantify the level of the night sky brightness. The study monitored the zenith sky brightness from November 2015 to May 2016 using Sky Quality Meter (SQM). The recorded field data was analysed using Environmetric Techniques which is Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HACA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to cluster the data according to the pollution status of the areas. However, GIS software was employed to confirm the results obtained from environ-metric technique and concluded that this result is proved to be in the same clusters as above. The correlation analysis was run to determine the association between the sky brightness of these two study areas. The study measured typical values ranging from 20.14 to 22.00Mag.sqm /arc sec.2 at different locations of Nigeria. Conversely, in Peninsular Malaysia, the values obtained were ranges from 18.68 to 21.00 00Mag.sqm /arc sec.2. The result using HACA and PCA showed three groups where category 1 has low pollution; category 2 is moderate while category 3 has the high pollution status for Nigerian data. The sites characterized in category 3 have high pollution in comparison to the others due to the high use of artificial light sources in the areas. Hence, for Malaysia, the result classified as cluster 1 is moderate cluster 2 has the least pollution status and cluster 3 as high polluted sites. The correlation result illustrated that there is an insignificant relationship between them in which the r value was found to be 0.2921 at 0.05 significant levels. Therefore, the study concluded that, the sites in cluster 1 for Nigeria have good dark location (Kano and Jigawa). Likewise, places in cluster 2 (Terengganu and Kedah) for Malaysia was the best dark places. The study recommended that can be used to build optical observatory stations and other astronomical observations due to their natural dark sky. Dissertations, Academic Thesis |
| spellingShingle | 2018_Measuring The Night Sky Brightness Using SQM: A Comparative Study Between Nigeria and Malaysia Using Environmetric Techniques |
| state | Terengganu |
| subject | Light pollution—Measurement Sky brightness—Measurement Night—Environmental aspects Astronomical photometry Environmental monitoring—Mathematical models Environmetrics Light pollution—Nigeria Light pollution—Malaysia Urban lighting—Environmental aspects Night skies—Measurement Dissertations, Academic |
| summary | High anthropogenic activities are rapidly increasing nowadays. It is assumed to have global implications which are not only affecting astronomy and their observational activities. It also has adverse effect to the environment. In Malaysia, high anthropogenic activities rapidly increase above the standard of the threshold values especially regarding the lighting sources. Likewise, in Nigeria, even though some areas still existed were in a dark region especially to those staying in remote locations. This light pollution increases due to the large growth of industries, residential, commercial uses and other sources such as street lighting in urban and semi-urban areas, which can make the night sky brightness in the area above the threshold set for polluted status. The study measures the night sky brightness at the most densely populated urban centres of Nigeria and Peninsular Malaysia to estimate and quantify the level of the night sky brightness. The study monitored the zenith sky brightness from November 2015 to May 2016 using Sky Quality Meter (SQM). The recorded field data was analysed using Environmetric Techniques which is Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HACA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to cluster the data according to the pollution status of the areas. However, GIS software was employed to confirm the results obtained from environ-metric technique and concluded that this result is proved to be in the same clusters as above. The correlation analysis was run to determine the association between the sky brightness of these two study areas. The study measured typical values ranging from 20.14 to 22.00Mag.sqm /arc sec.2 at different locations of Nigeria. Conversely, in Peninsular Malaysia, the values obtained were ranges from 18.68 to 21.00 00Mag.sqm /arc sec.2. The result using HACA and PCA showed three groups where category 1 has low pollution; category 2 is moderate while category 3 has the high pollution status for Nigerian data. The sites characterized in category 3 have high pollution in comparison to the others due to the high use of artificial light sources in the areas. Hence, for Malaysia, the result classified as cluster 1 is moderate cluster 2 has the least pollution status and cluster 3 as high polluted sites. The correlation result illustrated that there is an insignificant relationship between them in which the r value was found to be 0.2921 at 0.05 significant levels. Therefore, the study concluded that, the sites in cluster 1 for Nigeria have good dark location (Kano and Jigawa). Likewise, places in cluster 2 (Terengganu and Kedah) for Malaysia was the best dark places. The study recommended that can be used to build optical observatory stations and other astronomical observations due to their natural dark sky. |
| title | 2018_Measuring The Night Sky Brightness Using SQM: A Comparative Study Between Nigeria and Malaysia Using Environmetric Techniques |
| title_full | 2018_Measuring The Night Sky Brightness Using SQM: A Comparative Study Between Nigeria and Malaysia Using Environmetric Techniques |
| title_fullStr | 2018_Measuring The Night Sky Brightness Using SQM: A Comparative Study Between Nigeria and Malaysia Using Environmetric Techniques |
| title_full_unstemmed | 2018_Measuring The Night Sky Brightness Using SQM: A Comparative Study Between Nigeria and Malaysia Using Environmetric Techniques |
| title_short | 2018_Measuring The Night Sky Brightness Using SQM: A Comparative Study Between Nigeria and Malaysia Using Environmetric Techniques |
| title_sort | 2018_measuring the night sky brightness using sqm: a comparative study between nigeria and malaysia using environmetric techniques |