2021_Bio-Physico-Chemical Assessment of Indoor Air Quality In Non-Resident Indoor Environments of Different Uses In Terengganu, Malaysia
| Format: | General Document |
|---|
| _version_ | 1860797987700080640 |
|---|---|
| building | INTELEK Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| collectionurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 |
| copyright | Copyright©PWB2025 |
| country | Malaysia |
| date | 2021-12-12 16:14 |
| format | General Document |
| id | 15291 |
| institution | UniSZA |
| originalfilename | BIO-PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN NON-RESIDENT INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS OF DIFFERENT USES IN TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA |
| person | PDFsam Basic v4.2.10 Che Noraini binti Che Hasnam |
| recordtype | oai_dc |
| resourceurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=15291 |
| sourcemedia | Server storage Scanned document |
| spelling | 15291 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=15291 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection3 General Document Malaysia Library Staff (Top Management) Library Staff (Management) Library Staff (Support) Terengganu English UniSZA East Coast Environmental Research Institute application/pdf 1.5 PDFsam Basic v4.2.10 Malaysia Server storage Scanned document Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin UniSZA Private Access Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin SAMBox 2.3.4; modified using iTextSharp™ 5.5.10 ©2000-2016 iText Group NV (AGPL-version) 2021-12-12 16:14 259 BIO-PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN NON-RESIDENT INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS OF DIFFERENT USES IN TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA 2021_Bio-Physico-Chemical Assessment of Indoor Air Quality In Non-Resident Indoor Environments of Different Uses In Terengganu, Malaysia Terengganu Copyright©PWB2025 Environmental monitoring—Malaysia—Terengganu Bio-Physico-Chemical Assessment Indoor Air Quality Non-Resident Indoor Environments Different Uses Indoor air pollution—Malaysia—Terengganu Air quality—Malaysia—Terengganu Air quality management—Malaysia Indoor air—Analysis Buildings—Environmental aspects—Malaysia Air quality indexes—Malaysia Bioaerosols—Measurement Chemical pollutants—Indoor environments Good indoor air quality may result in improving productivity at the workplace and academic institution. Otherwise exposure to millions of pollutants and airborne microorganisms in the environment could affect human health when it reaches the respiratory system. Analysing the general natural pollutant indoor atmosphere is highly important to encouraging the rational development of policy on public health. Problems with microbial-related indoor air quality in dwellings and non-industrial workplace have received little attention and are poorly understood. Thus, this study was conducted to determine indoor air contaminants; to isolate and characterise the potential indoor airborne microorganisms from selected locations in UniSZA, buildings and premise in Kuala Terengganu (KT); to identify the source apportionment of air pollutant through multivariate analysis. Indoor air pollution's health effects have gained very little consideration from the science community. In the interpretation of large complex indoor air quality data collection in the selected locations of the research sample, the multivariate statistical techniques has been lack applied. The assessment of microbiological quality and indoor air parameters were carried out from six sampling stations: East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), UniSZA’s library, UniSZA’s chancellery, Pasar Payang, Paya Bunga Square (PBS) mall, and Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah (HSNZ), using well calibrated equipments (E-equipment, Turnkey dustmate, ozone meter and MAS100-Eco). Parameters measured were particulate matter 1.0 μm (PM1.0), 2.5 μm (PM2.5), 10 μm (PM10), total suspended particulate (TSP), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), formaldehyde (CH2O), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), temperature and relative humidity. Microbiological identification experiments on individual species were carried out while environmental factors were reported. To identify the isolates of the potential bacteria and fungi isolates, Genomic DNA has been extracted and amplification of 16S rRNA and ITS rRNA gene were carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Then the successful PCR amplified products were subjected to purification steps before sent for DNA sequencing. Descriptive and multivariate techniques; cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA) and PLS-DA then have been applied. The results revealed concentration of TSP and PM10 gave the higher concentration at most sampling stations (chancellery, ESERI and Pasar Payang) that ranged between 74.5 μg/m3 to 448.4 μg/m3 for TSP and 31.1 μg/m3 to 220.9 μg/m3 for PM10 respectively compared to the other parameters (O3- 0.046ppm, CH2O- 0.46ppm, NO2- 0.2ppm, CO- 86.9 μg/m3, PM1.0- 7.53 μg/m3 and SO2- 0.2 μg/m3). The most dominant isolates were identified as Bacillus sp, Micrococcus sp. while the most dominant isolates for fungal were identified as Aspergillus sp and Aspergillus flavus. Based on PCA and PLS-DA, Pasar Payang is considered to HPC region where PM2.5 (0.843), PM1.0 (0.916). PM10 (1.536), SO2 (1.040), and NO2 (1.039) are the most significant variables contribute to indoor air pollutants. The IAQ evaluation performed at all sampling sites have achieved its goals which the values are below the specified harmful thresholds. Furthermore, the classification optimum by PLS-DA grouped the six monitoring stations into three separate clusters where S6 (HPC), S3 and S4 (MPC) and S1, S2 and S5 (LPC) groups. Dissertations, Academic Che Noraini binti Che Hasnam Thesis |
| spellingShingle | 2021_Bio-Physico-Chemical Assessment of Indoor Air Quality In Non-Resident Indoor Environments of Different Uses In Terengganu, Malaysia |
| state | Terengganu |
| subject | Environmental monitoring—Malaysia—Terengganu Indoor air pollution—Malaysia—Terengganu Air quality—Malaysia—Terengganu Air quality management—Malaysia Indoor air—Analysis Buildings—Environmental aspects—Malaysia Air quality indexes—Malaysia Bioaerosols—Measurement Chemical pollutants—Indoor environments Dissertations, Academic |
| summary | Good indoor air quality may result in improving productivity at the workplace and academic institution. Otherwise exposure to millions of pollutants and airborne microorganisms in the environment could affect human health when it reaches the respiratory system. Analysing the general natural pollutant indoor atmosphere is highly important to encouraging the rational development of policy on public health. Problems with microbial-related indoor air quality in dwellings and non-industrial workplace have received little attention and are poorly understood. Thus, this study was conducted to determine indoor air contaminants; to isolate and characterise the potential indoor airborne microorganisms from selected locations in UniSZA, buildings and premise in Kuala Terengganu (KT); to identify the source apportionment of air pollutant through multivariate analysis. Indoor air pollution's health effects have gained very little consideration from the science community. In the interpretation of large complex indoor air quality data collection in the selected locations of the research sample, the multivariate statistical techniques has been lack applied. The assessment of microbiological quality and indoor air parameters were carried out from six sampling stations: East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), UniSZA’s library, UniSZA’s chancellery, Pasar Payang, Paya Bunga Square (PBS) mall, and Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah (HSNZ), using well calibrated equipments (E-equipment, Turnkey dustmate, ozone meter and MAS100-Eco). Parameters measured were particulate matter 1.0 μm (PM1.0), 2.5 μm (PM2.5), 10 μm (PM10), total suspended particulate (TSP), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), formaldehyde (CH2O), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), temperature and relative humidity. Microbiological identification experiments on individual species were carried out while environmental factors were reported. To identify the isolates of the potential bacteria and fungi isolates, Genomic DNA has been extracted and amplification of 16S rRNA and ITS rRNA gene were carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Then the successful PCR amplified products were subjected to purification steps before sent for DNA sequencing. Descriptive and multivariate techniques; cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA) and PLS-DA then have been applied. The results revealed concentration of TSP and PM10 gave the higher concentration at most sampling stations (chancellery, ESERI and Pasar Payang) that ranged between 74.5 μg/m3 to 448.4 μg/m3 for TSP and 31.1 μg/m3 to 220.9 μg/m3 for PM10 respectively compared to the other parameters (O3- 0.046ppm, CH2O- 0.46ppm, NO2- 0.2ppm, CO- 86.9 μg/m3, PM1.0- 7.53 μg/m3 and SO2- 0.2 μg/m3). The most dominant isolates were identified as Bacillus sp, Micrococcus sp. while the most dominant isolates for fungal were identified as Aspergillus sp and Aspergillus flavus. Based on PCA and PLS-DA, Pasar Payang is considered to HPC region where PM2.5 (0.843), PM1.0 (0.916). PM10 (1.536), SO2 (1.040), and NO2 (1.039) are the most significant variables contribute to indoor air pollutants. The IAQ evaluation performed at all sampling sites have achieved its goals which the values are below the specified harmful thresholds. Furthermore, the classification optimum by PLS-DA grouped the six monitoring stations into three separate clusters where S6 (HPC), S3 and S4 (MPC) and S1, S2 and S5 (LPC) groups. |
| title | 2021_Bio-Physico-Chemical Assessment of Indoor Air Quality In Non-Resident Indoor Environments of Different Uses In Terengganu, Malaysia |
| title_full | 2021_Bio-Physico-Chemical Assessment of Indoor Air Quality In Non-Resident Indoor Environments of Different Uses In Terengganu, Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | 2021_Bio-Physico-Chemical Assessment of Indoor Air Quality In Non-Resident Indoor Environments of Different Uses In Terengganu, Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | 2021_Bio-Physico-Chemical Assessment of Indoor Air Quality In Non-Resident Indoor Environments of Different Uses In Terengganu, Malaysia |
| title_short | 2021_Bio-Physico-Chemical Assessment of Indoor Air Quality In Non-Resident Indoor Environments of Different Uses In Terengganu, Malaysia |
| title_sort | 2021_bio-physico-chemical assessment of indoor air quality in non-resident indoor environments of different uses in terengganu, malaysia |