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Adams, M., Reginato, M.J., Shao, D., Lazar, M.A., Chatterjee, V.K., 1997. Transcriptional activation by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is inhibited by phosphorylation at a consensus mitogen-activated protein kinase site. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 5128–5132. Auwerx, J., 1999. PPARgamma, the ultimate thrifty gene. Diabetologia 42, 1033–1049. Azmi Jr., M.Y., Junidah, R., Siti Mariam, A., Safiah, M.Y., Fatimah, S., Norimah, A.K., Poh, B.K., Kandiah, M., Zalilah, M.S., Wan Abdul Manan, W., Siti Haslinda, M.D., Tahir, A., 2009. Body Mass Index (BMI) of adults: findings of the Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS). Malays J Nutr 15, 97–119. Beamer, B.A., Yen, C.J., Andersen, R.E., Muller, D., Elahi, D., Cheskin, L.J., Andres, R., Roth, J., Shuldiner, A.R., 1998. Association of the Pro12Ala variant in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 gene with obesity in two Caucasian populations. Diabetes 47, 1806–1808. Bener, A., Darwish, S., Al-Hamaq, A.O., Mohammad, R.M., Yousafzai, M.T., 2013. Association of PPARgamma2 gene variant Pro12Ala polymorphism with hypertension and obesity in the aboriginal Qatari population known for being consanguineous. Appl. Clin. Genet. 6, 103–111. Bergman, R.N., Stefanovski, D., Buchanan, T.A., Sumner, A.E., Reynolds, J.C., Sebring, N.G., Xiang, A.H., Watanabe, R.M., 2011. A better index of body adiposity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 19, 1083–1089. Bhatt, S.P., Misra, A., Sharma, M., Luthra, K., Guleria, R., Pandey, R.M., Vikram, N.K., 2012. Ala/Ala genotype of Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 gene is associated with obesity and insulin resistance in Asian Indians. Diabetes Technol. Ther. 14, 828–834. Carlos, F.F., Silva-Nunes, J., Flores, O., Brito, M., Doria, G., Veiga, L., Baptista, P.V., 2013. Association of FTO and PPARG polymorphisms with obesity in Portuguese women. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 6, 241–245. Clement, K., Hercberg, S., Passinge, B., Galan, P., Varroud-Vial, M., Shuldiner, A.R., Beamer, B.A., Charpentier, G., Guy-Grand, B., Froguel, P., Vaisse, C., 2000. The Pro115Gln and Pro12Ala PPAR gamma gene mutations in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 24, 391–393. Danawati, C.W., Nagata, M., Moriyama, H., Hara, K., Yasuda, H., Nakayama, M., Kotani, R., Yamada, K., Sakata, M., Kurohara, M., Wiyono, P., Asdie, H., Sakaue, M., Taniguchi, H., Yokono, K., 2005. A possible association of Pro12Ala polymorphism in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2 gene with obesity in native Javanese in Indonesia. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 21, 465–469. Darmawan, H., Irfanuddin, I., 2007. Effect of age and sex on the association between lipid profile and obesity among telecommunication workers in Palembang. Med J Indones 16, 251–256. Deeb, S.S., Fajas, L., Nemoto, M., Pihlajamaki, J., Mykkanen, L., Kuusisto, J., Laakso, M., Fujimoto, W., Auwerx, J., 1998. A Pro12Ala substitution in PPARgamma2 associated with decreased receptor activity, lower body mass index and improved insulin sensitivity. Nat. Genet. 20, 284–287. Desvergne, B., Wahli, W., 1999. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: nuclear control of metabolism. Endocr. Rev. 20, 649–688. Ek, J., Urhammer, S.A., Sorensen, T.I., Andersen, T., Auwerx, J., Pedersen, O., 1999. Homozygosity of the Pro12Ala variant of the peroxisome proliferation-activated receptorgamma2 (PPAR-gamma2): divergent modulating effects on body mass index in obese and lean Caucasian men. Diabetologia 42, 892–895. Ereqat, S., Nasereddin, A., Azmi, K., Abdeen, Z., Amin, R., 2009. Impact of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPAR-gamma 2 gene on metabolic and clinical characteristics in the Palestinian type 2 diabetic patients. PPAR Res. 2009, 874126. Evans, D., Mann, W.A., de Heer, J., Michel, U., Wendt, D., Kortner, B., Wolf, A., Beisiegel, U., 2000. Variation in the gene for human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) does not play a major role in the development of morbid obesity. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 24, 647–651. Friedewald, W.T., Levy, R.I., Fredrickson, D.S., 1972. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem. 18, 499–502. Ghoussaini, M., Meyre, D., Lobbens, S., Charpentier, G., Clement, K., Charles, M.A., Tauber, M., Weill, J., Froguel, P., 2005. Implication of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARgamma 2 gene in type 2 diabetes and obesity in the French population. BMC Med. Genet. 6, 11. Gonzalez Sanchez, J.L., Serrano Rios, M., Fernandez Perez, C., Laakso, M., Martinez Larrad, M.T., 2002. Effect of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-2 gene on adiposity, insulin sensitivity and lipid profile in the Spanish population. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 147, 495–501. Grundy, S.M., Brewer, H.B., Cleeman, J.I., Smith, S.C., Lenfant, C. and Participants, f.t.C., 2004. Definition of metabolic syndrome: report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definition. Circulation 109, 433–438. Grygiel-Gorniak, B., 2014. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and their ligands: nutritional and clinical implications - a review. Nutr. J. 13, 17. Guerrero-Romero, F., Rodriguez-Moran, M., 2003. Abdominal volume index. An anthropometry-based index for estimation of obesity is strongly related to impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch. Med. Res. 34, 428–432. Halim-Fikri, H., Etemad, A., Latif, A.Z.A., Merican, A.F., Baig, A.A., Annuar, A.A., Ismail, E., Salahshourifar, I., Liza-Sharmini, A.T., Ramli, M., Shah, M.I., Johan, M.F., Hassan, N.N.N., Abdul-Aziz, N.M., Noor, N.H.M., Nur-Shafawati, A.R., Hassan, R., Bahar, R., Zain, R.B., Yusoff, S.M., Yusoff, S., Tan, S.G., Thong, M.-K., Wan-Isa, H., Abdullah, W.Z., Mohamed, Z., Latiff, Z.A., Zilfalil, B.A., In alphabetical order, m.o.t.M.N.o.t.H.V.P., 2015. The first Malay database toward the ethnic-specific target molecular variation. BMC. Res. Notes 8, 176. He, W., 2009. PPARγ2(Pro12Ala) polymorphism and human health. PPAR Res. 2009, 849538. Hsiao, T.J., Lin, E., 2015. The Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) gene in relation to obesity and metabolic phenotypes in a Taiwanese population. Endocrine 48, 786–793. Jan Mohamed, H.J., Yap, R.W., Loy, S.L., Norris, S.A., Biesma, R., Aagaard-Hansen, J., 2014. Prevalence and determinants of overweight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults in Malaysia. Asia Pac. J. Public Health. Kim, K.S., Choi, S.M., Shin, S.U., Yang, H.S., Yoon, Y., 2004. Effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma 2 Pro12Ala polymorphism on body fat distribution in female Korean subjects. Metabolism 53, 1538–1543. Kim, K., Lee, S., Valentine, R.J., 2007. Association of pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor gamma2 gene with obesity and hypertension in Korean women. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. (Tokyo) 53, 239–246. Lei, H.H., Chen, M.H., Yang, W.S., Chiu, M.C., Chen, M.C., Tai, T.Y., Chuang, L.M., 2000. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 Pro12Ala gene variant is strongly associated with larger body mass in the Taiwanese. Metabolism 49, 1267–1270. Li, Q., Chen, R., Bie, L., Zhao, D., Huang, C., Hong, J., 2015. Association of the variants in the PPARG gene and serum lipid levels: a meta-analysis of 74 studies. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 19, 198–209. Luan, J.a., Browne, P.O., Harding, A.-H., Halsall, D.J., O'Rahilly, S., Chatterjee, V.K.K., Wareham, N.J., 2001. Evidence for gene-nutrient interaction at the PPARγ locus. Diabetes 50, 686–689. Mattevi, V.S., Zembrzuski, V.M., Hutz, M.H., 2007. Effects of a PPARG gene variant on obesity characteristics in Brazil. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 40, 927–932. Meirhaeghe, A., Amouyel, P., 2004. Impact of genetic variation of PPARgamma in humans. Mol. Genet. Metab. 83, 93–102. Meirhaeghe, A., Fajas, L., Helbecque, N., Cottel, D., Lebel, P., Dallongeville, J., Deeb, S., Auwerx, J., Amouyel, P., 1998. A genetic polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene influences plasma leptin levels in obese humans. Hum. Mol. Genet. 7, 435–440. Meirhaeghe, A., Fajas, L., Helbecque, N., Cottel, D., Auwerx, J., Deeb, S.S., Amouyel, P., 2000. Impact of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma2 Pro12Ala polymorphism on adiposity, lipids and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 24, 195–199. Mirzaei, H., Akrami, S.M., Golmohammadi, T., Doosti, M., Heshmat, R., Nakhjavani, M., Amiri, P., 2009. Polymorphism of Pro12Ala in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2 gene in Iranian diabetic and obese subjects. Metab. Syndr. Relat. Disord. 7, 453–458. MOH, 2011. National Health and Morbidity Survey: Volumn II Non-Communicable Disease. Ministry of Health Malaysia: Non-Communicable Disease Section, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Motamed, N., Perumal, D., Zamani, F., Ashrafi, H., Haghjoo, M., Saeedian, F.S., Maadi, M., Akhavan-Niaki, H., Rabiee, B., Asouri, M., 2015. Conicity index and waist-to-hip ratio are superior obesity indices in predicting 10-year cardiovascular risk among men and women. Clin. Cardiol. 38, 527–534. Naing, N., 2011. 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Mol. Biol. Rep. 42, 1029–1038. Yen, C.J., Beamer, B.A., Negri, C., Silver, K., Brown, K.A., Yarnall, D.P., Burns, D.K., Roth, J., Shuldiner, A.R., 1997. Molecular scanning of the human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (hPPAR gamma) gene in diabetic Caucasians: identification of a Pro12Ala PPAR gamma 2 missense mutation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 241, 270–274. Zarebska, A., Jastrzebski, Z., Cieszczyk, P., Leonska-Duniec, A., Kotarska, K., Kaczmarczyk, M., Sawczuk, M. and Maciejewska-Karlowska, A., 2014. The Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene modifies the association of physical activity and body mass changes in Polish women. PPAR Res. 2014, 373782.
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13268 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=13268 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection407072 Restricted Document Article Journal image/jpeg inches 96 96 norman 1419 90 90 762 1419x762 2016-10-26 15:29:17 7583-01-FH02-FSK-16-06890.jpg UniSZA Private Access Contribution of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Ɣ2 gene in relation to obesity Meta Gene Background and aims: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Ɣ2 (PPARƔ2) gene Pro12Ala polymorphism has been extensively studied in relation to obesity and its associated metabolic complications but the results were inconclusive. This study aimed to identify the genotypic and allelic frequencies of PPARƔ2 gene and its association with anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles and the susceptibility for obesity in Malay subjects. Methods and results: This cross-sectional, comparative study involved 217 subjects (94 obese and 123 non-obese as controls). Anthropometric and lipid profiles were measured. Genotyping was performed by allele-specific PCR. Comparisons were made between the genotypes and the association of PPARƔ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism with obesity was evaluated. The Pro12Pro, Pro12Ala and Ala12Ala genotypic frequencies were significantly different between groups (88.3%/11.7%/0.0% vs. 97.6%/2.4%/0.0% respectively, P = 0.006).The Ala12 allele was more frequent in obese than the non-obese (5.9% vs. 1.1%, P = 0.007). Ala12 carriers were associated with higher BMI (P = 0.016), BF% (P = 0.019) and a trend towards higher BAI (P = 0.055) than the non-carriers. Besides age, high level of triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, Ala12 allele (Adjusted OR = 5.46, 95% CI = 1.27–23.40; P = 0.022) were regarded as independent risk factors for obesity. Conclusions: This study indicates that the PPARƔ2 gene Pro12Ala polymorphism predisposes to obesity in Malay subjects and Ala12 allele could predict alterations in adipocyte and lipid metabolism among them. Age, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and Ala12 allele conferred to increased risk for obesity in this ethnicity. 10 39-44 Adams, M., Reginato, M.J., Shao, D., Lazar, M.A., Chatterjee, V.K., 1997. Transcriptional activation by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is inhibited by phosphorylation at a consensus mitogen-activated protein kinase site. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 5128–5132. Auwerx, J., 1999. PPARgamma, the ultimate thrifty gene. Diabetologia 42, 1033–1049. Azmi Jr., M.Y., Junidah, R., Siti Mariam, A., Safiah, M.Y., Fatimah, S., Norimah, A.K., Poh, B.K., Kandiah, M., Zalilah, M.S., Wan Abdul Manan, W., Siti Haslinda, M.D., Tahir, A., 2009. Body Mass Index (BMI) of adults: findings of the Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS). Malays J Nutr 15, 97–119. Beamer, B.A., Yen, C.J., Andersen, R.E., Muller, D., Elahi, D., Cheskin, L.J., Andres, R., Roth, J., Shuldiner, A.R., 1998. Association of the Pro12Ala variant in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 gene with obesity in two Caucasian populations. Diabetes 47, 1806–1808. Bener, A., Darwish, S., Al-Hamaq, A.O., Mohammad, R.M., Yousafzai, M.T., 2013. Association of PPARgamma2 gene variant Pro12Ala polymorphism with hypertension and obesity in the aboriginal Qatari population known for being consanguineous. Appl. Clin. Genet. 6, 103–111. Bergman, R.N., Stefanovski, D., Buchanan, T.A., Sumner, A.E., Reynolds, J.C., Sebring, N.G., Xiang, A.H., Watanabe, R.M., 2011. A better index of body adiposity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 19, 1083–1089. Bhatt, S.P., Misra, A., Sharma, M., Luthra, K., Guleria, R., Pandey, R.M., Vikram, N.K., 2012. Ala/Ala genotype of Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 gene is associated with obesity and insulin resistance in Asian Indians. Diabetes Technol. Ther. 14, 828–834. Carlos, F.F., Silva-Nunes, J., Flores, O., Brito, M., Doria, G., Veiga, L., Baptista, P.V., 2013. Association of FTO and PPARG polymorphisms with obesity in Portuguese women. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 6, 241–245. Clement, K., Hercberg, S., Passinge, B., Galan, P., Varroud-Vial, M., Shuldiner, A.R., Beamer, B.A., Charpentier, G., Guy-Grand, B., Froguel, P., Vaisse, C., 2000. The Pro115Gln and Pro12Ala PPAR gamma gene mutations in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 24, 391–393. Danawati, C.W., Nagata, M., Moriyama, H., Hara, K., Yasuda, H., Nakayama, M., Kotani, R., Yamada, K., Sakata, M., Kurohara, M., Wiyono, P., Asdie, H., Sakaue, M., Taniguchi, H., Yokono, K., 2005. A possible association of Pro12Ala polymorphism in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2 gene with obesity in native Javanese in Indonesia. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 21, 465–469. Darmawan, H., Irfanuddin, I., 2007. Effect of age and sex on the association between lipid profile and obesity among telecommunication workers in Palembang. Med J Indones 16, 251–256. Deeb, S.S., Fajas, L., Nemoto, M., Pihlajamaki, J., Mykkanen, L., Kuusisto, J., Laakso, M., Fujimoto, W., Auwerx, J., 1998. A Pro12Ala substitution in PPARgamma2 associated with decreased receptor activity, lower body mass index and improved insulin sensitivity. Nat. Genet. 20, 284–287. Desvergne, B., Wahli, W., 1999. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: nuclear control of metabolism. Endocr. Rev. 20, 649–688. Ek, J., Urhammer, S.A., Sorensen, T.I., Andersen, T., Auwerx, J., Pedersen, O., 1999. Homozygosity of the Pro12Ala variant of the peroxisome proliferation-activated receptorgamma2 (PPAR-gamma2): divergent modulating effects on body mass index in obese and lean Caucasian men. Diabetologia 42, 892–895. Ereqat, S., Nasereddin, A., Azmi, K., Abdeen, Z., Amin, R., 2009. Impact of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPAR-gamma 2 gene on metabolic and clinical characteristics in the Palestinian type 2 diabetic patients. PPAR Res. 2009, 874126. Evans, D., Mann, W.A., de Heer, J., Michel, U., Wendt, D., Kortner, B., Wolf, A., Beisiegel, U., 2000. Variation in the gene for human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) does not play a major role in the development of morbid obesity. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 24, 647–651. Friedewald, W.T., Levy, R.I., Fredrickson, D.S., 1972. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem. 18, 499–502. Ghoussaini, M., Meyre, D., Lobbens, S., Charpentier, G., Clement, K., Charles, M.A., Tauber, M., Weill, J., Froguel, P., 2005. Implication of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARgamma 2 gene in type 2 diabetes and obesity in the French population. BMC Med. Genet. 6, 11. Gonzalez Sanchez, J.L., Serrano Rios, M., Fernandez Perez, C., Laakso, M., Martinez Larrad, M.T., 2002. Effect of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-2 gene on adiposity, insulin sensitivity and lipid profile in the Spanish population. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 147, 495–501. Grundy, S.M., Brewer, H.B., Cleeman, J.I., Smith, S.C., Lenfant, C. and Participants, f.t.C., 2004. Definition of metabolic syndrome: report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definition. Circulation 109, 433–438. Grygiel-Gorniak, B., 2014. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and their ligands: nutritional and clinical implications - a review. Nutr. J. 13, 17. Guerrero-Romero, F., Rodriguez-Moran, M., 2003. Abdominal volume index. An anthropometry-based index for estimation of obesity is strongly related to impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch. Med. Res. 34, 428–432. Halim-Fikri, H., Etemad, A., Latif, A.Z.A., Merican, A.F., Baig, A.A., Annuar, A.A., Ismail, E., Salahshourifar, I., Liza-Sharmini, A.T., Ramli, M., Shah, M.I., Johan, M.F., Hassan, N.N.N., Abdul-Aziz, N.M., Noor, N.H.M., Nur-Shafawati, A.R., Hassan, R., Bahar, R., Zain, R.B., Yusoff, S.M., Yusoff, S., Tan, S.G., Thong, M.-K., Wan-Isa, H., Abdullah, W.Z., Mohamed, Z., Latiff, Z.A., Zilfalil, B.A., In alphabetical order, m.o.t.M.N.o.t.H.V.P., 2015. The first Malay database toward the ethnic-specific target molecular variation. BMC. Res. Notes 8, 176. He, W., 2009. PPARγ2(Pro12Ala) polymorphism and human health. PPAR Res. 2009, 849538. Hsiao, T.J., Lin, E., 2015. The Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) gene in relation to obesity and metabolic phenotypes in a Taiwanese population. Endocrine 48, 786–793. Jan Mohamed, H.J., Yap, R.W., Loy, S.L., Norris, S.A., Biesma, R., Aagaard-Hansen, J., 2014. Prevalence and determinants of overweight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults in Malaysia. Asia Pac. J. Public Health. Kim, K.S., Choi, S.M., Shin, S.U., Yang, H.S., Yoon, Y., 2004. Effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma 2 Pro12Ala polymorphism on body fat distribution in female Korean subjects. Metabolism 53, 1538–1543. Kim, K., Lee, S., Valentine, R.J., 2007. Association of pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor gamma2 gene with obesity and hypertension in Korean women. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. (Tokyo) 53, 239–246. Lei, H.H., Chen, M.H., Yang, W.S., Chiu, M.C., Chen, M.C., Tai, T.Y., Chuang, L.M., 2000. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 Pro12Ala gene variant is strongly associated with larger body mass in the Taiwanese. Metabolism 49, 1267–1270. Li, Q., Chen, R., Bie, L., Zhao, D., Huang, C., Hong, J., 2015. Association of the variants in the PPARG gene and serum lipid levels: a meta-analysis of 74 studies. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 19, 198–209. Luan, J.a., Browne, P.O., Harding, A.-H., Halsall, D.J., O'Rahilly, S., Chatterjee, V.K.K., Wareham, N.J., 2001. Evidence for gene-nutrient interaction at the PPARγ locus. Diabetes 50, 686–689. Mattevi, V.S., Zembrzuski, V.M., Hutz, M.H., 2007. Effects of a PPARG gene variant on obesity characteristics in Brazil. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 40, 927–932. Meirhaeghe, A., Amouyel, P., 2004. Impact of genetic variation of PPARgamma in humans. Mol. Genet. Metab. 83, 93–102. 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Contribution of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Ɣ2 gene in relation to obesity
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Background and aims: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Ɣ2 (PPARƔ2) gene Pro12Ala polymorphism has been extensively studied in relation to obesity and its associated metabolic complications but the results were inconclusive. This study aimed to identify the genotypic and allelic frequencies of PPARƔ2 gene and its association with anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles and the susceptibility for obesity in Malay subjects. Methods and results: This cross-sectional, comparative study involved 217 subjects (94 obese and 123 non-obese as controls). Anthropometric and lipid profiles were measured. Genotyping was performed by allele-specific PCR. Comparisons were made between the genotypes and the association of PPARƔ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism with obesity was evaluated. The Pro12Pro, Pro12Ala and Ala12Ala genotypic frequencies were significantly different between groups (88.3%/11.7%/0.0% vs. 97.6%/2.4%/0.0% respectively, P = 0.006).The Ala12 allele was more frequent in obese than the non-obese (5.9% vs. 1.1%, P = 0.007). Ala12 carriers were associated with higher BMI (P = 0.016), BF% (P = 0.019) and a trend towards higher BAI (P = 0.055) than the non-carriers. Besides age, high level of triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, Ala12 allele (Adjusted OR = 5.46, 95% CI = 1.27–23.40; P = 0.022) were regarded as independent risk factors for obesity. Conclusions: This study indicates that the PPARƔ2 gene Pro12Ala polymorphism predisposes to obesity in Malay subjects and Ala12 allele could predict alterations in adipocyte and lipid metabolism among them. Age, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and Ala12 allele conferred to increased risk for obesity in this ethnicity.
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Contribution of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Ɣ2 gene in relation to obesity
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Contribution of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Ɣ2 gene in relation to obesity
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| title_fullStr |
Contribution of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Ɣ2 gene in relation to obesity
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Contribution of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Ɣ2 gene in relation to obesity
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| title_short |
Contribution of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Ɣ2 gene in relation to obesity
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contribution of the pro12ala polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ɣ2 gene in relation to obesity
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