Reviews of herbal and their secondary metabolites in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer
| Format: | Restricted Document |
|---|
| _version_ | 1860797079514775552 |
|---|---|
| building | INTELEK Repository |
| collection | Online Access |
| collectionurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection407072 |
| date | 2014-09-29 15:18:28 |
| format | Restricted Document |
| id | 11293 |
| institution | UniSZA |
| internalnotes | Almeida ESS, Filho VC, Niero R, Clasen BK, Balogun SO and Martins DTO. Pharmacological mechanisms underlying the anti-ulcer activity of methanol extract and canthin-6-one of Simaba ferruginea A. St-Hil, in animal models. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2011. Aly AM, Al-Alousi L and Salem HA. Licorice. A possible anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer Drug. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2005; 6:74–82. Amani S, Awaad, Reham M, El-Meligy, Gamal A and Soliman. Natural products in treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society.2013; 17: 101–124. Araki Y, Andoh A, Fujiyama Y, Kanauchi O, Takenaka K and Higuchi A. Germinated barley foodstuff exhibits different adsorption properties for hydrophilic versus hydrophobic bile acids. Digestion. 2001;64:248–54. Aric Josun Hui, Rupert, Wing-Loongleong and Franciska-leung Chan. Gastric Ulcer. Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology. 2010:157. Arslan O, Gelir E, Armutcu F, Coskun O, Gurel A, Sayan H and Celik IL. The protective effect of thymoquinone on ethanol-induced acute gastric damage in the rat. Nutr. Res. 2005;25: 673–680. Atta AH, Nasr SM and Mouneir SM. Antiulcerogenic effect of some plants extracts. Nat. Prod. Rad. 2005; 4 (4):258–263. Awaad AS, Maitland DJ and Soliman GA. Antiulcerogenic activity of alhagi maurorum. Pharmaceut. Biol. 2006;44 (4):292–296. Baker ME. Licorice and enzymes other than 11 betahydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: an evolutionary perspective. Steroids. 1994; 59:136–141. Bamba T, Kanauchi O, Andoh A and Fujiyama Y. A new prebiotic from germinated barley for nutraceutical treatment of ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;17:818–24. Bandyophadyay D, Biswas K, Bhattacharyya M, Reiter R J and Banerjee RK. Gastric toxicity and mucosal ulceration induced by oxygen derived reactive species, protection by melatonin. Curr Mol Med.2001;1:501-513. Banerjee D, Bhattacharya S, Bandyopadhyay SK and Chattopadhyay S. Biochemical mechanism of healing activity of the natural phenolic, allylpyrocatechol against indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in mice. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2008;2: 10620-0266. Bao Jiang and Zhen-Wen Zhang. Comparison on Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Properties of Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot Wines from Four Wine Grape-Growing Regions in China. Molecules. 2012;17(8): 8804-8821. Ben-Arye E, Goldin E, Wengrower D, Stamper A, Kohn R and Berry E. Wheat grass juice in the treatment of active distal ulcerative colitis: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol.2002;37:444–9. Bhat and Sriram. SRB's Manual of Surgery.2013:364. Bhattacharya S, Chatterjee S, Bauri A, Bandivdeker AH. Chattopadhyay S, Bandyopadhyay SK, Poduval TB. Immunopharmacological basis of the healing of indomethacininduced gastric mucosal damage in rats by the constituents of Phyllanthus emblica. Curr. Sci. 2007b; 93:47–53. Bhattacharya S, Banerjee D, Bauri A, Chattopadhyay S and Bandyopadhyay SK. Healing property of the Piper betel phenol, allylpyrocatechol against indomethacin-induced stomach ulceration and mechanism of action. World J. Gastroenterol. 2007a; 13,:3705–3713. Blackwood AD, Salter J, Dettmar PW and Chaplin MF. Dietary fibre, physicochemical properties and their relationship to health. J R Soc Promot Health. 2000;120:242–7 Blank MA, Ems BL and O'Brien LM. Flavonoid-induced gastroprotection in rats: role of blood f low and leukocyte adherence. Digestion. 1997; 58: 147-154. Botoman V A, Bonner G F and Botoman D A. Management of inflammatory bowel disease. Am. Fam. Phys. 1998; 57: 57–68. Bresci G, Parisi G, Gambardella L, Banti S, Bertoni M, Rindi G and Capria A. Evaluation of clinical patterns in ulcerative colitis: a long-term follow-up. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Res. 1997;17:17–22. Burde Sandesh Kamath, Belagihally Manjegowda Srikanta, Shylaja Mallaiah Dharmesh ,Ravi Sarada and Gokare Aswathanarayana Ravishankar. Ulcer preventive and antioxidative properties of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis. European Journal of Pharmacology. 2008: 387–395. Crispianb S and Rosemary S. Mouth ulcers and other causes of orofacial soreness and pain. Br. Med J.2000;321:162-165. Dahmen U, Gu YL, Dirsch O, Fan LM, Li J and Shen K. Boswellic acid, a potent antiinflammatory drug, inhibits rejection to the same extent as high dose steroids. Transplant Proc. 2001;33:539–41. Danese S and Fiocci C. Ulcerative colitis. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2011;365:1713-1725. El-Abhar HS, Hammad LN and Gawad HS. Modulating effect of ginger extract on rats with ulcerative colitis. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2008; 118 (3): 367–372. Faubion W A, Loftus EV and Harmsen W S.The natural history of corticosteroid therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study. Gastroenterology. 2001; 121: 255–260. Fei Ke, Praveen Kumar Yadav and Liu Zhan Ju. Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2012 ; 18(1): 3–10. Fernández-Bañares F, Hinojosa J, Sánchez-Lombraña JL, Navarro E, Martínez-Salmerón JF and García-Pugés A. Randomized clinical trial of Plantago ovata seeds (dietary fiber) as compared with mesalamine in maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis. Spanish Group for the Study of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (GETECCU) Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;94:427–33. Frank MB, Yang Q, Osban J, Azzarello JT, Saban MR and Saban R. Frankincense oil derived from Boswellia carteri induces tumor cell specific cytotoxicity. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2009;9:6. Fukuda M, Kanauchi O, Araki Y, Andoh A, Mitsuyama K and Takagi K. Prebiotic treatment of experimental colitis with germinated barley foodstuff: a comparison with probiotic or antibiotic treatment. Int J Mol Med. 2002;9:65–70. Gadhi C A, Benharref A, Jana M and Lozniewski A. Anti- Helicobacter pylori activity of Aristolochia paucinervis Pomel extracts. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2001; 75 (2–3): 203–205. Goel RK and Das Gupta G. Anti-ulcergenic and anti-inflammatory effect of emoidin, isolated from Rhamnus triquerta wall. Ind. J. Exp. Biol. 1991; 29: 230–232. Gupta I, Parihar A, Malhotra P, Gupta S, Lüdtke R and Safayhi H. Effects of gum resin of Boswellia serratain patients with chronic colitis. Planta Med. 2001;67:391–5. Hale LP, Greer PK and Sempowski GD. Bromelain treatment alters leukocyte expression of cell surface molecules involved in cellular adhesion and activation. Clin Immunol. 2002;104:183–90. Hale LP, Greer PK, Trinh CT ans Gottfried MR. Treatment with oral bromelain decreases colonic inflammation in the IL-10-deficient murine model of inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Immunol. 2005;116:135–42. Hanai H, Iida T, Takeuchi K, Watanabe F, Maruyama Y and Andoh A. Curcumin maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis: randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol.2006;4:1502–6. Hanai H, Kanauchi O, Mitsuyama K, Andoh A, Takeuchi K and Takayuki I. Germinated barley foodstuff prolongs remission in patients with ulcerative colitis. Int J Mol Med. 2004;13:643–7. Hanauer S B, Korelitz B I, Rutgeerts P, Peppercorn M A, Thisted, R A, Cohen R D, and Present D H. Postoperative maintenance of Crohn’s disease remission with 6 mercaptopurine, mesalamine, or placebo: a 2-year trial. Gastroenterology. 2004; 127 (3):723–729. Hanauer SB (1996). "Inflammatory bowel disease". N. Engl. J. Med. 334 (13): 841–8 Harold, Kalant, Grant, Denis M, Mitchel and Jane. Principles of Medical Pharmacology, seventh ed. Elsevier Canada Ltd. 2007; 557: 558, 559. Holt PR, Katz S and Kirshoff R. Curcumin therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: a pilot study. Dig Dis Sci.2005;50:2191–3. Huber R, Ditfurth AV, Amann F, Güthlin C, Rostock M and Trittler R. Tormentil for active ulcerative colitis: an open-label, dose-escalating study. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2007;41:834–8. Ibara JR, Elion Itou RDG, Ouamba JM, Diatewa M, Gbeassor M and Abena AA. Preliminary evaluation of antiulcerogenic activity of ceiba pentandra gaertn and helicrysum mechowianum klatt in rats. J. Med. Sci. 2007; 7 (3):485–488. Izzo AA, Di Carlo G, Mascolo N, Autore G and Capasso F. Antiulcer effect of flavonoids. Role of endogenous PAF. Phytother Res. 1994;6: 179-181. Jeong CS, Hyun JE and Kim YS. Ginsenoside Rb1: the antiulcer constituent from the head of Panax ginseng. Arch. Pharm. Res. 2003; 26: 906–911. Jo EH, Hong HD, Ahn NC, Jung JW, Yang SR and Park JS. Modulations of the Bcl-2/Bax family were involved in the chemopreventive effects of licorice root (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell. J Agric Food Chem. 2004;52:1715–9. Kanauchi O, Suga T, Tochihara M, Hibi T, Naganuma M and Homma T. Treatment of ulcerative colitis by feeding with germinated barley foodstuff: first report of a multicenter open control trial. J Gastroenterol. 2002;37(Suppl 14):67–72. Kane S and Goldberg MJ. Use of bromelain for mild ulcerative colitis. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:680. Kang JY, Teng CH, Wee A and Chen FC. Effect of capsaicin and chilli on ethanol induced gastric mucosal injury in the rat. Gut. 1995;36: 664–669. Kanter M, Coskun AEO and Uysal AEH. The antioxidative and antihistaminic effect of Nigella sativa and its major constituent, thymoquinone on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage. Arch. Toxicol. 2006; 80: 217–224. Kato K, Ishii Y, Mizuno S, Sugitani M, Asai S and Kohno T. Usefulness of rectally administering [1-13C]-butyrate for breath test in patients with active and quiescent ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol.2007;42:207–14. Katzung B G. Basic and clinical pharmacolog. 9th ed. Mc Graw-Hill Companies. 2004 :1009. Kaur Amandeep, Singh Robin, Sharma Ramica and Kumar Sunil. Peptic Ulcer. Internatinal research journal of pharmacy. (2012); 3(6): 34. Klopell FC, Lemos M, Sousa JP, Comunello E, Maistro EL, Bastos JK and de Andrade SF. Nerolidol, an antiulcer constituent from the essential oil of Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae). Z Naturforsch. 2007; 62: 537–542. Kornbluth A, Sachar DB (2004). "Ulcerative colitis practice guidelines in adults (update): American College of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 99 (7): 1371–85. Krieglstein CF, Anthoni C, Rijcken EJ, Laukötter M, Spiegel HU and Boden SE. Acetyl-11-keto-betaboswellic acid, a constituent of a herbal medicine from Boswellia serrata resin, attenuates experimental ileitis. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2001;16:88–95. Kudo T, Okamura S, Zhang Y, Masuo T, Mori M. Topical application of glycyrrhizin preparation ameliorates experimentally induced colitis in rats. World J Gastroenterol. 2011;17:2223–8. Langmead L and Rampton DS. Review article: complementary and alternative therapies for inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;23:341–9. Langmead L, Chitnis M and Rampton DS. Use of complementary therapies by patients with IBD may indicate psychosocial distress. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2002;8:174–9 Langmead L, Dawson C, Hawkins C, Banna N, Loo S and Rampton DS. Antioxidant effects of herbal therapies used by patients with inflammatory bowel disease: An in vitro study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;16:197–205. Langmead L, Makins RJ and Rampton DS. Anti-inflammatory effects of aloe vera gel in human colorectal mucosain vitro. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;19:521–7. Lee EB, Kim OJ, Kang SS and Jeong C. Araloside A, an antiulcer constituent from the root bark of Aralia elata. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2005; 28:523–526. Lewis DA, Fields WN and Shaw GP. A natural flavonoid present in unripe plantain banana pulp (Musa sapientum L. var. paradisiaca) protects the gastric mucosa from aspirin-induced erosions. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999; 65: 283-288. Li XL, Cai YQ, Qin H and Wu YJ. Therapeutic effect and mechanism of proanthocyanidins from grape seeds in rats with TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2008;86 (12):841–849. Liu LN, Mei QB, Liu L, Zhang F, Liu ZG, Wang ZP and Wang RT. Protective effects of Rheum tanguticum polysaccharide against hydrogen peroxide-induced intestinal epithelial cell injury. World J. Gastroenterol. 2005; 11 (10):1503–1507. Lorenz W, Reimann HJ and Kusche J. Effects of cathecnin on several enzymes of histamine metabolism and on stress ulcer formation in the female rat. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1975;287: 62. Madisch A, Holtmann G, Mayr G, Vinson B and Hotz J. Treatment of functional dyspepsia with a herbal preparation.A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Digestion. 2004;69:45–52 Magistretti MJ, Conti M and Cristoni A. Antiulcer activity of an anthocyanidin from Vaccinium myrtillus. Arzneim Forsch. 1988; 38: 686-690. Manhart N, Akomeah R, Bergmeister H, Spittler A, Ploner Ma and Roth E. Administration of proteolytic enzymesbromelain and trypsin diminish the number of CD4+ cells and the interferon-gamma response in Peyer's patches and spleen in endotoxemic balb/c mice. Cell Immunol. 2002;215:113–9. Marhuenda E, Alarcon de la Lastra C and Martin MJ. Antisecretory and gastroprotective effects of aescine in rats. Gen. Pharmacol. 1994; 25:1213–1219. Marhuenda E, Martin MJ and Alarcon de la Lastra C. Antiulcerogenic activity of aescine in different experimental models. Phytother. Res. 1993; 7:13–16. Maria AOM, Wendel GH, Guzman JA, Giordano OS and Guerreiro E. Gastric cytoprotective activity of dehydroleucodine in rats. Role of nitric oxide. Pharmacol. Res. 1998; 37:281–284. Mazzon E, Muia` C, Paola R.D, Genovese T, Menegazzi M, De Sarro A. Suzuki H and Cuzzocrea S. Green tea polyphenol extract attenuates colon injury induced by experimental colitis. Free Rad. Res. 2005; 39 (9):1017–1025. Miller MJS, MacNaughton WK, Zhang XJ, Thompson JH, Charbonnet RM, Bobrowski P, Lao J and Trentacosti AM, Sandoval M. Treatment of gastric ulcers and diarrhea with the Amazonian herbal medicine sangre de grado. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 2000; 279:192-200. Mohammad A., Al-Mofarreh, Ibrahim A and Al Mofleh. Esophageal ulceration complicating doxycycline therapy. World J Gastroenterol.2003;9:609-611. Moon JK, Kim JR, Ahn YJ and Shibamoto T. Analysis and anti-Helicobacter activity of sulforaphane and related compounds present in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) sprouts. J. Agri. Food Chem. 2010;58 (11): 6672–6677. Mynott TL, Crossett B and Prathalingam SR. Proteolytic inhibition of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium-induced activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK and JNK in cultured human intestinal cells. Infect Immun. 2002;70:86–95. Nancey S, Moussata D, Graber I, Claudel S, Saurin JC and Flourié B. Tumor necrosis factor alpha reducesbutyrate oxidation in vitro in human colonic mucosa: A link from inflammatory process to mucosal damage?Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2005;11:559–66. Rachmilewitz D. Coated mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) versus sulphasalazine in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis: a randomised trial. BMJ. 1989; 298: 82–86. Rainova L, Nakov N, Bogdanova S, Minkov E and Staneva- Stoytcheva D. Ulceroprotective activity of the flavonoids of Genista rumelica Vel. Phytother Res. 1988; 2:137-139. Ramakrishnan K and Salinas RC. Peptic ulcer disease. Am Fam Physician. 2007;76(7):1005. Rodrı´guez J A, Bustamante C, Astudillo L ans Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Gastroprotective activity of solidagenone on experimentally induced gastric lesions in rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2002; 54:399–404. Segain JP, Raingeard de la Blétière D, Bourreille A, Leray V, Gervois N and Rosales C. Butyrate inhibits inflammatory B inhibition: implications for Crohn's disease. Gut. 2000;47:397–403. Shale MJ and Riley SA. Studies of compliance with delayed-release mesalazine therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;18:191–8. Simpson EJ, Chapman MA, Dawson J, Berry D, Macdonald IA, Cole A. In vivo measurement of colonic butyrate metabolism in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis. Gut. 2000;46:73–7. Somjen D, Knoll E, Vaya J, Stem N and Tamir S. Estrogen-like activity of licorice root constituents: glabridin and glabrene, in vascular tissues in vitro and in vivo. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2004;91:147–55. Song M, Xia B and Li J. Effects of topical treatment of sodium butyrate and 5-aminosalicylic acid on expression of trefoil factor 3, interleukin 1b, and nuclear factor kB in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid induced colitis in rats. Postgrad Med J. 2006;82:130–5. Sun XB, Matsumoto T, Yamada H. Purification of an antiulcer polysaccharide from the leaves of Panax ginseng. Planta Med. 1992; 58:445–448. Sun-Joong Kima,1, Jee Min Kima, So Hee Shimb and Hyo Ihl Changa. Anthocyanins accelerate the healing of naproxen-induced gastric ulcer in rats by activating antioxidant enzymes via modulation of Nrf2. Journal of functional foods. 2 0 1 4; 5 6 9 –5 7 9. Swarnakar S, Ganguly K, Kundu P, Banerjee A, Maity P and Sharma AV. Curcumin regulates expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases 9 and 2 during prevention and healing of indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. J. Biol. Chem. 2005; 280:9409–9415. Takahashi T, Takasuka N, Iigo M, Baba M, Nishino H and Tsuda H. Isoliquiritigenin, a flavonoid fromlicorice, reduces prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, causes apoptosis, and suppresses aberrant crypt foci development. Cancer Sci. 2004;95:448–53. Tan PV and Nyasse B. Anti-ulcer compound from Voacanga africana with possible histamine H2 receptor blocking activity. Phytomed. 2000;7:509–515. Tan PV, Nyasse B, Enow-Orock GE, Wafo P and Forcha, E.A. Prophylactic and healing properties of a new anti-ulcer compound from Enantia chlorantha in rats. Phytomedicine. 2000; 7:291-296. Vernia P, Monteleone G, Grandinetti G, Villotti G, Di Giulio E and Frieri G. Combined oral sodium butyrateand mesalazine treatment compared to oral mesalazine alone n ulcerative colitis: randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled pilot study. Dig Dis Sci. 2000;45:976–81 Waller D G, Renwick AG and Hillier K. Medical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2nd ed. El Sevier Limited.2005: 347–401. Wang YH, Yang XL, Wang L, Cui MX, Cai YQ, Li XL and Wu YJ. Effects of proanthocyanidins from grape seed on treatment of recurrent ulcerative colitis in rats. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2010; 88 (9): 888–898. Wong VK, Yu L and Cho CH. Protective effect of polysaccharides from Angelica sinensis on ulcerative colitis in rats. Inflammopharmacology. 2008; 16 (4):162–167. Yayli N, Baltaci CG Ok, Y, Aydin E and Ucu ncu O.Sesquiterpene lactones from Centaurea helenioides Boiss. Turk. J.Chem. 2006;30: 229–233. Yoo Y M, Nam JH, Kim MY, Choi J, Lee KT and Parka HJ. Analgesic and anti-gastropathic effects of salidroside isolated from Acer tegmentosum heartwood. The Open Bioact. Comp. J. 2009; 2:1–7. Yuan H, Ji WS, Wu KX, Jiao JX, Sun LH and Feng YT. Anti-inflammatory effects of Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate in a rat model of ulcerative colitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12:4578–81. Zhou Y, Taylor B, Smith TJ, Liu ZP, Clench M, Davies NW and Rainsford KD. A novel compound from celery seed with a bactericidal effect against Helicobacter pylori. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2009;61 (8):1067–1077. |
| originalfilename | 5507-01-FH02-FPSK-06-01522.jpg |
| person | UniSZA Unisza unisza |
| recordtype | oai_dc |
| resourceurl | https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=11293 |
| spelling | 11293 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/view.php?ref=11293 https://intelek.unisza.edu.my/intelek/pages/search.php?search=!collection407072 Restricted Document Article Journal UniSZA Unisza unisza image/jpeg inches 96 96 1417 40 40 793 2014-09-29 15:18:28 1417x793 5507-01-FH02-FPSK-06-01522.jpg UniSZA Private Access Reviews of herbal and their secondary metabolites in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Peptic ulcer is a disease of the Gastro-intestinal tract (GIT), which includes both gastric and duodenal ulcers. The occurrence of peptic ulcer disease has been attributed to the imbalance between aggressive factors like acid, pepsin, and Helicobacter infection on one hand and the local mucosa defenses like bicarbonate and mucus secretion and prostaglandins synthesis on the other hand. The most serious complications of peptic ulcer disease include hemorrhage, perforation, penetration, and gastric outlet obstruction. Ulcerative colitis is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is a form of colitis, a disease of the colon that includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. IBD is often confused with irritable bowel syndrome. Ulcerative colitis is associated with a general inflammatory process that affects many parts of the body. Sometimes these associated extra-intestinal symptoms are the initial signs of the disease, such as painful arthritic knees in a teenager and may be seen in adults also. Several classes of pharmacological agents have proved to be effective in the management of the acid peptic disorders viz., antacids, acid suppressive agents, anticholinergic, cytoprotective agents, etc. A widespread search has been launched to identify new anti-ulcer therapies from natural sources to replace currently used drugs of doubtful efficacy and safety. Herbs, medicinal plants, spices, vegetables and crude drug substances are considered to be a potential source to control various diseases including gastric ulcer and ulcerative colitis. In the scientific literature, a large number of medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites with anti-ulcer potential have been reported. As the gastro protective effect can be linked to different mechanisms, once demonstrated the activity, the extracts and more appropriately the active compounds should be assessed for action mechanisms to elucidate their mode of action. Besides, new action mechanisms may be discovered. 4 8 80-90 Almeida ESS, Filho VC, Niero R, Clasen BK, Balogun SO and Martins DTO. Pharmacological mechanisms underlying the anti-ulcer activity of methanol extract and canthin-6-one of Simaba ferruginea A. St-Hil, in animal models. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2011. Aly AM, Al-Alousi L and Salem HA. Licorice. A possible anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer Drug. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2005; 6:74–82. Amani S, Awaad, Reham M, El-Meligy, Gamal A and Soliman. Natural products in treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society.2013; 17: 101–124. Araki Y, Andoh A, Fujiyama Y, Kanauchi O, Takenaka K and Higuchi A. Germinated barley foodstuff exhibits different adsorption properties for hydrophilic versus hydrophobic bile acids. Digestion. 2001;64:248–54. Aric Josun Hui, Rupert, Wing-Loongleong and Franciska-leung Chan. Gastric Ulcer. Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology. 2010:157. Arslan O, Gelir E, Armutcu F, Coskun O, Gurel A, Sayan H and Celik IL. The protective effect of thymoquinone on ethanol-induced acute gastric damage in the rat. Nutr. Res. 2005;25: 673–680. Atta AH, Nasr SM and Mouneir SM. Antiulcerogenic effect of some plants extracts. Nat. Prod. Rad. 2005; 4 (4):258–263. Awaad AS, Maitland DJ and Soliman GA. Antiulcerogenic activity of alhagi maurorum. Pharmaceut. Biol. 2006;44 (4):292–296. Baker ME. Licorice and enzymes other than 11 betahydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: an evolutionary perspective. Steroids. 1994; 59:136–141. Bamba T, Kanauchi O, Andoh A and Fujiyama Y. A new prebiotic from germinated barley for nutraceutical treatment of ulcerative colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002;17:818–24. Bandyophadyay D, Biswas K, Bhattacharyya M, Reiter R J and Banerjee RK. Gastric toxicity and mucosal ulceration induced by oxygen derived reactive species, protection by melatonin. Curr Mol Med.2001;1:501-513. Banerjee D, Bhattacharya S, Bandyopadhyay SK and Chattopadhyay S. Biochemical mechanism of healing activity of the natural phenolic, allylpyrocatechol against indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in mice. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2008;2: 10620-0266. Bao Jiang and Zhen-Wen Zhang. Comparison on Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Properties of Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot Wines from Four Wine Grape-Growing Regions in China. Molecules. 2012;17(8): 8804-8821. Ben-Arye E, Goldin E, Wengrower D, Stamper A, Kohn R and Berry E. Wheat grass juice in the treatment of active distal ulcerative colitis: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol.2002;37:444–9. Bhat and Sriram. SRB's Manual of Surgery.2013:364. Bhattacharya S, Chatterjee S, Bauri A, Bandivdeker AH. Chattopadhyay S, Bandyopadhyay SK, Poduval TB. Immunopharmacological basis of the healing of indomethacininduced gastric mucosal damage in rats by the constituents of Phyllanthus emblica. Curr. Sci. 2007b; 93:47–53. Bhattacharya S, Banerjee D, Bauri A, Chattopadhyay S and Bandyopadhyay SK. Healing property of the Piper betel phenol, allylpyrocatechol against indomethacin-induced stomach ulceration and mechanism of action. World J. Gastroenterol. 2007a; 13,:3705–3713. Blackwood AD, Salter J, Dettmar PW and Chaplin MF. Dietary fibre, physicochemical properties and their relationship to health. J R Soc Promot Health. 2000;120:242–7 Blank MA, Ems BL and O'Brien LM. Flavonoid-induced gastroprotection in rats: role of blood f low and leukocyte adherence. Digestion. 1997; 58: 147-154. Botoman V A, Bonner G F and Botoman D A. Management of inflammatory bowel disease. Am. Fam. Phys. 1998; 57: 57–68. Bresci G, Parisi G, Gambardella L, Banti S, Bertoni M, Rindi G and Capria A. Evaluation of clinical patterns in ulcerative colitis: a long-term follow-up. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Res. 1997;17:17–22. Burde Sandesh Kamath, Belagihally Manjegowda Srikanta, Shylaja Mallaiah Dharmesh ,Ravi Sarada and Gokare Aswathanarayana Ravishankar. Ulcer preventive and antioxidative properties of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis. European Journal of Pharmacology. 2008: 387–395. Crispianb S and Rosemary S. Mouth ulcers and other causes of orofacial soreness and pain. Br. Med J.2000;321:162-165. Dahmen U, Gu YL, Dirsch O, Fan LM, Li J and Shen K. Boswellic acid, a potent antiinflammatory drug, inhibits rejection to the same extent as high dose steroids. Transplant Proc. 2001;33:539–41. Danese S and Fiocci C. Ulcerative colitis. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2011;365:1713-1725. El-Abhar HS, Hammad LN and Gawad HS. Modulating effect of ginger extract on rats with ulcerative colitis. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2008; 118 (3): 367–372. Faubion W A, Loftus EV and Harmsen W S.The natural history of corticosteroid therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study. Gastroenterology. 2001; 121: 255–260. Fei Ke, Praveen Kumar Yadav and Liu Zhan Ju. Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2012 ; 18(1): 3–10. Fernández-Bañares F, Hinojosa J, Sánchez-Lombraña JL, Navarro E, Martínez-Salmerón JF and García-Pugés A. Randomized clinical trial of Plantago ovata seeds (dietary fiber) as compared with mesalamine in maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis. Spanish Group for the Study of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (GETECCU) Am J Gastroenterol. 1999;94:427–33. Frank MB, Yang Q, Osban J, Azzarello JT, Saban MR and Saban R. Frankincense oil derived from Boswellia carteri induces tumor cell specific cytotoxicity. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2009;9:6. Fukuda M, Kanauchi O, Araki Y, Andoh A, Mitsuyama K and Takagi K. Prebiotic treatment of experimental colitis with germinated barley foodstuff: a comparison with probiotic or antibiotic treatment. Int J Mol Med. 2002;9:65–70. Gadhi C A, Benharref A, Jana M and Lozniewski A. Anti- Helicobacter pylori activity of Aristolochia paucinervis Pomel extracts. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2001; 75 (2–3): 203–205. Goel RK and Das Gupta G. Anti-ulcergenic and anti-inflammatory effect of emoidin, isolated from Rhamnus triquerta wall. Ind. J. Exp. Biol. 1991; 29: 230–232. Gupta I, Parihar A, Malhotra P, Gupta S, Lüdtke R and Safayhi H. Effects of gum resin of Boswellia serratain patients with chronic colitis. Planta Med. 2001;67:391–5. Hale LP, Greer PK and Sempowski GD. Bromelain treatment alters leukocyte expression of cell surface molecules involved in cellular adhesion and activation. Clin Immunol. 2002;104:183–90. Hale LP, Greer PK, Trinh CT ans Gottfried MR. Treatment with oral bromelain decreases colonic inflammation in the IL-10-deficient murine model of inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Immunol. 2005;116:135–42. Hanai H, Iida T, Takeuchi K, Watanabe F, Maruyama Y and Andoh A. Curcumin maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis: randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol.2006;4:1502–6. Hanai H, Kanauchi O, Mitsuyama K, Andoh A, Takeuchi K and Takayuki I. Germinated barley foodstuff prolongs remission in patients with ulcerative colitis. Int J Mol Med. 2004;13:643–7. Hanauer S B, Korelitz B I, Rutgeerts P, Peppercorn M A, Thisted, R A, Cohen R D, and Present D H. Postoperative maintenance of Crohn’s disease remission with 6 mercaptopurine, mesalamine, or placebo: a 2-year trial. Gastroenterology. 2004; 127 (3):723–729. Hanauer SB (1996). "Inflammatory bowel disease". N. Engl. J. Med. 334 (13): 841–8 Harold, Kalant, Grant, Denis M, Mitchel and Jane. Principles of Medical Pharmacology, seventh ed. Elsevier Canada Ltd. 2007; 557: 558, 559. Holt PR, Katz S and Kirshoff R. Curcumin therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: a pilot study. Dig Dis Sci.2005;50:2191–3. Huber R, Ditfurth AV, Amann F, Güthlin C, Rostock M and Trittler R. Tormentil for active ulcerative colitis: an open-label, dose-escalating study. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2007;41:834–8. Ibara JR, Elion Itou RDG, Ouamba JM, Diatewa M, Gbeassor M and Abena AA. Preliminary evaluation of antiulcerogenic activity of ceiba pentandra gaertn and helicrysum mechowianum klatt in rats. J. Med. Sci. 2007; 7 (3):485–488. Izzo AA, Di Carlo G, Mascolo N, Autore G and Capasso F. Antiulcer effect of flavonoids. Role of endogenous PAF. Phytother Res. 1994;6: 179-181. Jeong CS, Hyun JE and Kim YS. Ginsenoside Rb1: the antiulcer constituent from the head of Panax ginseng. Arch. Pharm. Res. 2003; 26: 906–911. Jo EH, Hong HD, Ahn NC, Jung JW, Yang SR and Park JS. Modulations of the Bcl-2/Bax family were involved in the chemopreventive effects of licorice root (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell. J Agric Food Chem. 2004;52:1715–9. Kanauchi O, Suga T, Tochihara M, Hibi T, Naganuma M and Homma T. Treatment of ulcerative colitis by feeding with germinated barley foodstuff: first report of a multicenter open control trial. J Gastroenterol. 2002;37(Suppl 14):67–72. Kane S and Goldberg MJ. Use of bromelain for mild ulcerative colitis. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:680. Kang JY, Teng CH, Wee A and Chen FC. Effect of capsaicin and chilli on ethanol induced gastric mucosal injury in the rat. Gut. 1995;36: 664–669. Kanter M, Coskun AEO and Uysal AEH. The antioxidative and antihistaminic effect of Nigella sativa and its major constituent, thymoquinone on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage. Arch. Toxicol. 2006; 80: 217–224. Kato K, Ishii Y, Mizuno S, Sugitani M, Asai S and Kohno T. Usefulness of rectally administering [1-13C]-butyrate for breath test in patients with active and quiescent ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol.2007;42:207–14. Katzung B G. Basic and clinical pharmacolog. 9th ed. Mc Graw-Hill Companies. 2004 :1009. Kaur Amandeep, Singh Robin, Sharma Ramica and Kumar Sunil. Peptic Ulcer. Internatinal research journal of pharmacy. (2012); 3(6): 34. Klopell FC, Lemos M, Sousa JP, Comunello E, Maistro EL, Bastos JK and de Andrade SF. Nerolidol, an antiulcer constituent from the essential oil of Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae). Z Naturforsch. 2007; 62: 537–542. Kornbluth A, Sachar DB (2004). "Ulcerative colitis practice guidelines in adults (update): American College of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 99 (7): 1371–85. Krieglstein CF, Anthoni C, Rijcken EJ, Laukötter M, Spiegel HU and Boden SE. Acetyl-11-keto-betaboswellic acid, a constituent of a herbal medicine from Boswellia serrata resin, attenuates experimental ileitis. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2001;16:88–95. Kudo T, Okamura S, Zhang Y, Masuo T, Mori M. Topical application of glycyrrhizin preparation ameliorates experimentally induced colitis in rats. World J Gastroenterol. 2011;17:2223–8. Langmead L and Rampton DS. Review article: complementary and alternative therapies for inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;23:341–9. Langmead L, Chitnis M and Rampton DS. Use of complementary therapies by patients with IBD may indicate psychosocial distress. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2002;8:174–9 Langmead L, Dawson C, Hawkins C, Banna N, Loo S and Rampton DS. Antioxidant effects of herbal therapies used by patients with inflammatory bowel disease: An in vitro study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002;16:197–205. Langmead L, Makins RJ and Rampton DS. Anti-inflammatory effects of aloe vera gel in human colorectal mucosain vitro. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004;19:521–7. Lee EB, Kim OJ, Kang SS and Jeong C. Araloside A, an antiulcer constituent from the root bark of Aralia elata. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2005; 28:523–526. Lewis DA, Fields WN and Shaw GP. A natural flavonoid present in unripe plantain banana pulp (Musa sapientum L. var. paradisiaca) protects the gastric mucosa from aspirin-induced erosions. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999; 65: 283-288. Li XL, Cai YQ, Qin H and Wu YJ. Therapeutic effect and mechanism of proanthocyanidins from grape seeds in rats with TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2008;86 (12):841–849. Liu LN, Mei QB, Liu L, Zhang F, Liu ZG, Wang ZP and Wang RT. Protective effects of Rheum tanguticum polysaccharide against hydrogen peroxide-induced intestinal epithelial cell injury. World J. Gastroenterol. 2005; 11 (10):1503–1507. Lorenz W, Reimann HJ and Kusche J. Effects of cathecnin on several enzymes of histamine metabolism and on stress ulcer formation in the female rat. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1975;287: 62. Madisch A, Holtmann G, Mayr G, Vinson B and Hotz J. Treatment of functional dyspepsia with a herbal preparation.A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Digestion. 2004;69:45–52 Magistretti MJ, Conti M and Cristoni A. Antiulcer activity of an anthocyanidin from Vaccinium myrtillus. Arzneim Forsch. 1988; 38: 686-690. Manhart N, Akomeah R, Bergmeister H, Spittler A, Ploner Ma and Roth E. Administration of proteolytic enzymesbromelain and trypsin diminish the number of CD4+ cells and the interferon-gamma response in Peyer's patches and spleen in endotoxemic balb/c mice. Cell Immunol. 2002;215:113–9. Marhuenda E, Alarcon de la Lastra C and Martin MJ. Antisecretory and gastroprotective effects of aescine in rats. Gen. Pharmacol. 1994; 25:1213–1219. Marhuenda E, Martin MJ and Alarcon de la Lastra C. Antiulcerogenic activity of aescine in different experimental models. Phytother. Res. 1993; 7:13–16. Maria AOM, Wendel GH, Guzman JA, Giordano OS and Guerreiro E. Gastric cytoprotective activity of dehydroleucodine in rats. Role of nitric oxide. Pharmacol. Res. 1998; 37:281–284. Mazzon E, Muia` C, Paola R.D, Genovese T, Menegazzi M, De Sarro A. Suzuki H and Cuzzocrea S. Green tea polyphenol extract attenuates colon injury induced by experimental colitis. Free Rad. Res. 2005; 39 (9):1017–1025. Miller MJS, MacNaughton WK, Zhang XJ, Thompson JH, Charbonnet RM, Bobrowski P, Lao J and Trentacosti AM, Sandoval M. Treatment of gastric ulcers and diarrhea with the Amazonian herbal medicine sangre de grado. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 2000; 279:192-200. Mohammad A., Al-Mofarreh, Ibrahim A and Al Mofleh. Esophageal ulceration complicating doxycycline therapy. World J Gastroenterol.2003;9:609-611. Moon JK, Kim JR, Ahn YJ and Shibamoto T. Analysis and anti-Helicobacter activity of sulforaphane and related compounds present in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) sprouts. J. Agri. Food Chem. 2010;58 (11): 6672–6677. Mynott TL, Crossett B and Prathalingam SR. Proteolytic inhibition of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium-induced activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK and JNK in cultured human intestinal cells. Infect Immun. 2002;70:86–95. Nancey S, Moussata D, Graber I, Claudel S, Saurin JC and Flourié B. Tumor necrosis factor alpha reducesbutyrate oxidation in vitro in human colonic mucosa: A link from inflammatory process to mucosal damage?Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2005;11:559–66. Rachmilewitz D. Coated mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) versus sulphasalazine in the treatment of active ulcerative colitis: a randomised trial. BMJ. 1989; 298: 82–86. Rainova L, Nakov N, Bogdanova S, Minkov E and Staneva- Stoytcheva D. Ulceroprotective activity of the flavonoids of Genista rumelica Vel. Phytother Res. 1988; 2:137-139. Ramakrishnan K and Salinas RC. Peptic ulcer disease. Am Fam Physician. 2007;76(7):1005. Rodrı´guez J A, Bustamante C, Astudillo L ans Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Gastroprotective activity of solidagenone on experimentally induced gastric lesions in rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2002; 54:399–404. Segain JP, Raingeard de la Blétière D, Bourreille A, Leray V, Gervois N and Rosales C. Butyrate inhibits inflammatory B inhibition: implications for Crohn's disease. Gut. 2000;47:397–403. Shale MJ and Riley SA. Studies of compliance with delayed-release mesalazine therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003;18:191–8. Simpson EJ, Chapman MA, Dawson J, Berry D, Macdonald IA, Cole A. In vivo measurement of colonic butyrate metabolism in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis. Gut. 2000;46:73–7. Somjen D, Knoll E, Vaya J, Stem N and Tamir S. Estrogen-like activity of licorice root constituents: glabridin and glabrene, in vascular tissues in vitro and in vivo. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2004;91:147–55. Song M, Xia B and Li J. Effects of topical treatment of sodium butyrate and 5-aminosalicylic acid on expression of trefoil factor 3, interleukin 1b, and nuclear factor kB in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid induced colitis in rats. Postgrad Med J. 2006;82:130–5. Sun XB, Matsumoto T, Yamada H. Purification of an antiulcer polysaccharide from the leaves of Panax ginseng. Planta Med. 1992; 58:445–448. Sun-Joong Kima,1, Jee Min Kima, So Hee Shimb and Hyo Ihl Changa. Anthocyanins accelerate the healing of naproxen-induced gastric ulcer in rats by activating antioxidant enzymes via modulation of Nrf2. Journal of functional foods. 2 0 1 4; 5 6 9 –5 7 9. Swarnakar S, Ganguly K, Kundu P, Banerjee A, Maity P and Sharma AV. Curcumin regulates expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases 9 and 2 during prevention and healing of indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. J. Biol. Chem. 2005; 280:9409–9415. Takahashi T, Takasuka N, Iigo M, Baba M, Nishino H and Tsuda H. Isoliquiritigenin, a flavonoid fromlicorice, reduces prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, causes apoptosis, and suppresses aberrant crypt foci development. Cancer Sci. 2004;95:448–53. Tan PV and Nyasse B. Anti-ulcer compound from Voacanga africana with possible histamine H2 receptor blocking activity. Phytomed. 2000;7:509–515. Tan PV, Nyasse B, Enow-Orock GE, Wafo P and Forcha, E.A. Prophylactic and healing properties of a new anti-ulcer compound from Enantia chlorantha in rats. Phytomedicine. 2000; 7:291-296. Vernia P, Monteleone G, Grandinetti G, Villotti G, Di Giulio E and Frieri G. Combined oral sodium butyrateand mesalazine treatment compared to oral mesalazine alone n ulcerative colitis: randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled pilot study. Dig Dis Sci. 2000;45:976–81 Waller D G, Renwick AG and Hillier K. Medical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2nd ed. El Sevier Limited.2005: 347–401. Wang YH, Yang XL, Wang L, Cui MX, Cai YQ, Li XL and Wu YJ. Effects of proanthocyanidins from grape seed on treatment of recurrent ulcerative colitis in rats. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2010; 88 (9): 888–898. Wong VK, Yu L and Cho CH. Protective effect of polysaccharides from Angelica sinensis on ulcerative colitis in rats. Inflammopharmacology. 2008; 16 (4):162–167. Yayli N, Baltaci CG Ok, Y, Aydin E and Ucu ncu O.Sesquiterpene lactones from Centaurea helenioides Boiss. Turk. J.Chem. 2006;30: 229–233. Yoo Y M, Nam JH, Kim MY, Choi J, Lee KT and Parka HJ. Analgesic and anti-gastropathic effects of salidroside isolated from Acer tegmentosum heartwood. The Open Bioact. Comp. J. 2009; 2:1–7. Yuan H, Ji WS, Wu KX, Jiao JX, Sun LH and Feng YT. Anti-inflammatory effects of Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate in a rat model of ulcerative colitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12:4578–81. Zhou Y, Taylor B, Smith TJ, Liu ZP, Clench M, Davies NW and Rainsford KD. A novel compound from celery seed with a bactericidal effect against Helicobacter pylori. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2009;61 (8):1067–1077. |
| spellingShingle | Reviews of herbal and their secondary metabolites in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer |
| summary | Peptic ulcer is a disease of the Gastro-intestinal tract (GIT), which includes both gastric and duodenal ulcers. The occurrence of peptic ulcer disease has been attributed to the imbalance between aggressive factors like acid, pepsin, and Helicobacter infection on one hand and the local mucosa defenses like bicarbonate and mucus secretion and prostaglandins synthesis on the other hand. The most serious complications of peptic ulcer disease include hemorrhage, perforation, penetration, and gastric outlet obstruction. Ulcerative colitis is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is a form of colitis, a disease of the colon that includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. IBD is often confused with irritable bowel syndrome. Ulcerative colitis is associated with a general inflammatory process that affects many parts of the body. Sometimes these associated extra-intestinal symptoms are the initial signs of the disease, such as painful arthritic knees in a teenager and may be seen in adults also. Several classes of pharmacological agents have proved to be effective in the management of the acid peptic disorders viz., antacids, acid suppressive agents, anticholinergic, cytoprotective agents, etc. A widespread search has been launched to identify new anti-ulcer therapies from natural sources to replace currently used drugs of doubtful efficacy and safety. Herbs, medicinal plants, spices, vegetables and crude drug substances are considered to be a potential source to control various diseases including gastric ulcer and ulcerative colitis. In the scientific literature, a large number of medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites with anti-ulcer potential have been reported. As the gastro protective effect can be linked to different mechanisms, once demonstrated the activity, the extracts and more appropriately the active compounds should be assessed for action mechanisms to elucidate their mode of action. Besides, new action mechanisms may be discovered. |
| title | Reviews of herbal and their secondary metabolites in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer |
| title_full | Reviews of herbal and their secondary metabolites in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer |
| title_fullStr | Reviews of herbal and their secondary metabolites in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reviews of herbal and their secondary metabolites in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer |
| title_short | Reviews of herbal and their secondary metabolites in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer |
| title_sort | reviews of herbal and their secondary metabolites in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and peptic ulcer |